Science EOC

The properties of a rectangular prism are listed below: Mass = 120 g Length = 3 cm Width = 2 cm Height = 1 cm What is the density of the rectangular prism?

20 g/cm3

At which of the following temperatures is the chance of molecules aligning just right for a chemical change the highest?

50 °F

Which of the following is formed during the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis?

ATP

Which of the following most likely causes the rate of a chemical reaction to increase?

Adding heat to the reaction

During which of the following processes does a glucose molecule break down without the use of oxygen

Anaerobic respiration

What is most likely the reason Earth moves in an orbit around the sun?

Because the sun's mass creates a gravitational force that pulls Earth towards it

Two descriptions about physical quantities are given below: Quantity A: It is unaffected by the location of an object in space. Quantity B: It can be measured in kilograms. What quantities are these most likely describing?

Both Quantity A and Quantity B are mass.

Which of the following represents a chemical change?

Burning of Wood

Which of the following is a product of aerobic respiration?

Carbon Dioxide

Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?

Carbon dioxide

Which of the following steps is usually done right before experimentation in the scientific method of investigation?

Construct a hypothesis

Read the list of substances. Air, Copper, Glass, Gold, Wood Which substances have high electrical conductivity?

Copper and Gold

In which part of the sun do gases heat up and rise and then cool down and sink?

Covection Zone

A location in the northern hemisphere is currently experiencing the shortest day. It is a day with fewer hours of sunlight than darkness.. Which of the following could be the current month?

December

Which of the following processes would impact the cycling of carbon between land and air?

Deforestation

Which of the following measurements is used to compare the distance between objects in the solar system?

Distance between the sun and Earth

According to Newton's law of gravitation, what affects the force of attraction between two objects?

Distance between them

Which of the following happens during a lunar eclipse?

Earth casts a shadow on moon.

Which of the following astronomical bodies is the highest in hierarchy?

Galaxy

Which of the following is a unit of volume in the English system of measurement?

Gallons

Which of these is a chemical property?

Heat of combustion

Which of the following processes does not take place during cellular respiration?

Hydrogen of water is separated from oxygen.

What happens to the amount of energy that is used up during photosynthesis?

It changes to an equal amount of chemical energy.

The chemical equation shown represents photosynthesis. A plus water plus light with a right-pointing arrow towards B plus oxygen. The arrow has an x above it. What is the role of substance A in photosynthesis?

It combines with water to form glucose.

Which statement is true about the Milky Way?

It has several billion stars.

Which of the following statements best describes the role of glucose during photosynthesis?

It is a product formed.

Which of the following statements best explains how the photopolarimeter has made outer space exploration easier?

It is able to determine the properties and composition of planets

Which statement is true about a pseudoscientific idea?

It is biased in its results.

The balanced equation for photosynthesis is shown below. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C612O6 + 6 O2 What best explains whether mass is conserved or not during photosynthesis?

It is conserved because the total number of H atoms on each side is 12.

Which of the following statements is true about the role of water in cellular respiration?

It is one of the ending compounds.

Which of the following planets has ammonia clouds in its atmosphere?

Jupiter

Which of the following explains why space objects are massive in size?

Large objects clumped together due to gravity to form larger objects.

Which of the following stars is likely to be the dimmest?

Least Massive Star

Which of the following is an intensive property?

Magnetism

What is the location of cellular respiration?

Mitochondria

Object A has a density of 10 g/cm3 and a mass of 9 g. Object B has a density of 10 g/cm3 and a mass of 4 g. Which object has a greater volume and by how much?

Object A, by 0.5 cubic centimeter

Lara used the model of a cannon to demonstrate two different types of eruptions on the sun. She wrote the following observations when a cannonball was fired. 1.A bright light was seen at the open end of the cannon. 2.The cannonball traveled at high speed. Which statement is correct about the eruptions on the sun represented by Lara's observations?

Observation 2 represents a CME because magnetized particles are hurled into space at high speed during a CME.

Which of the following is the closest estimate of the number of galaxies present in the universe?

One hundred billion

Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?

Oxygen

Part 1: Other than distance from the sun, which factor affects the temperature of a planet? Part 2: Compare the temperatures of two planets which are most likely affected by this factor. Use complete sentences for your answer.

Part 1: Another factor that affects the temperature of a planet is the thickness of the atmosphere. The atmosphere can affect the temperature of a planet along with the distance from the sun. Part 2: Mercury is the only planet that is close to the sun but it is not the hottest planet at all. In fact, Venus is hotter and it is second closest to the sun. The reason why Mercury isn't the hottest planet is because of the atmosphere. Venus's atmosphere is thick and all of its clouds contain heat.

Part 1: Describe the mass and surface temperature of the main sequence stars. Part 2: Explain using complete sentences where on the HR diagram you would expect to find a main sequence star based on its physical properties.

Part 1: Between 5,300 and 6,000 K is the surface temperature. The mass is 0.84 to 1.15. Part 2: You would find a main sequence star based between F and G on the 5500 column. This is because of the star's heat.

Part 1: Use complete sentences to explain why solar winds occur. Part 2: Give two examples in which solar winds impact Earth.

Part 1: The main reason for this is due to plasma. It is due to its hot heat and its massive winds rushing all at once. Part 2: It affects the weather, and it causes storms.

Dan states that a certain layer of the sun is like the brightest street lamp in a city. Which layer of the sun is Dan referring to?

Photosphere

What does mass measure?

Quantity of matter in an object

What can be answered with science?

Questions about things that can be measured

Which of the following processes releases carbon into the air?

Respiration

During which of the following months is the sun likely to illuminate Earth equally from pole to pole?

September

Which of the following best describes a spiral galaxy?

Several billion stars arranged in arms spiraling outwards

What are the short eruptions of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface called?

Solar flares

Which of the following is the center of the universe according to the heliocentric model?

Sun

Which feature of the sun is a section that is cooler than its surroundings?

Sunspot

Melanie recorded observations on the effect of two new fertilizers on the growth of plants. Three identical plants having a height of 15 cm were used for the experiment. No fertilizer was added to the first plant, 100 g of Fertilizer A was added to the second plant, and 100 g of Fertilizer B was added to the third plant. All other growing conditions of the plants were kept constant. Which step of the scientific method did Melanie do here?

Testing with an experiment

Which of the following is a part of both geocentric model and heliocentric model?

The bodies in space move in circular orbits.

Alex uses a golf ball and a football to represent two astronomical bodies based on their sizes. Which of the following representations is the most correct based on what Alex has?

The golf ball represents the solar system and the football represents the Milky Way.

Which of the following best describes the particles in potato chips and lemonade?

The particles are locked in position in potato chips and able to flow in lemonade.

Over a period of time a student observed a small tadpole changing into a frog. Which of the following explains the physical change that takes place in this growing frog?

The tadpole changes its shape and form.

A process in the carbon cycle is seen when carbon in coal burns in the presence of oxygen to form carbon dioxide. Which of the following statements best proves that the law of conservation is obeyed during this process?

The total mass of oxygen and carbon is equal to the total mass of carbon dioxide.

What best describes the degree to which a material can transmit heat?

Thermal conductivity

Which of the following planets has the highest surface temperature as compared to others?

Venus

Which of the following planets rotates in the opposite direction than the other planets?

Venus

Which of the following substances is used up during photosynthesis?

Water

Which of the following terms describes the distance between the crests of successive waves?

Wavelength