Science study Guide
What step do we always start with when using dichotomous keys?
1
Biodiversity is best described as....
The amount of different organisms living in the same area
Which is an example of a climax community in this image?
The forest with the deer
The forest in panel #8 is a...
climax community
Heterotroph is another word (a synonym) for
consumer
How many parent(s)are needed for asexual?
1
Sexual reproduction requires.........parents and asexual reproduction requires........parents.
2,1
What is an example of a climax community?
A lot of ecosystems and organisms piled in once place
What catastrophic event results in destruction along a narrow path?
A tornado
Which of these is a trait that is acquired through learning?
Ability to throw a football in a spiral
What are heterotrophs?
An animal in which it eats other animals
Which is NOT a result of selective breeding?
An insect that matches the color of the environment
An area of permeable layer of rock or soil that holds a large amount of water in the saturated zone is called what?
Aquifer
Which process is considered to be faster?
Asexual
Which statement describes asexual and sexual reproduction?
Asexual needs one parent, and sexual needs two parents.
What is the correct order in this pond succession? (YOUNGEST to OLDEST)
B, A, D, C
Why is biodiversity in an ecosystem so important?
Because having ahigh biodiversity allows ecosystems to withstand disturbances (major changes).
What is asexual production ?
Binary Fission
Texas ecoregions are constantly changing due to natural and human impacts. What characteristic, we have studied, can increase an ecosystem's ability to withstand change?
Biodiversity
What does the decomposer do ?
Break apart dead organisms and make nutrients available to primary producers
Weathering can have which of the following effects in Texas?
Breaking down of rocks suck as at enchanted Rock
A hydra reproduces when an outgrowth, or bud, forms and continues to develop until it falls off of the parent. This is an example of:
Budding
Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?
Can grow even more shallow in areas with soil
How do adaptations help organisms ?
Can help an organism find food and water, protect itself, or manage in extreme environements.
What do we call the process in which rock is broken down by changes in its chemic makeup?
Chemical Weathering
What is a dichotomous key used for in science?
Classify organisms
Every living thing has genetic information stored in the form of
DNA
In general, as you move from the equator to the poles, what happens to blodiversity?
Decreases
...........is the dropping off/ depositing of rocks.
Deposition
Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers is called?
Deposition
What is an area of higher elevation that separates watersheds?
Divide
The process by which rock and soil are moved from one place to another is called....
Erosion
What would happen if their were no producers?
Everything would die out
What catastrophic event could cause contaminated water?
Flood
Which of the following agents is the usually responsible for the formation of canyons?
Flowing water
What catastrophic events adds nutrients back to the soil?
Forest Fire
Deposition can have which of the following effects in Texas?
Forming sand dunes at the coast
Sections of DNA that have instructions for a specific trait are called
Genes
Which biome has wide-open fields of grass?
Grasslands
Water stored in cracks and pores below the Earth's surface is called:
Groundwater
Wastes produced by agriculture, households, industry, mining, and other human activities can end up in
Groundwater, Oceans, and streams and rivers
Which Texas ecoregion would most likely have the most evidence of erosion by water?
Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes
Where does the red tail hawk directly get his energy from?
Hare (rabbit)
Which biome is more likely to survive a change in the environment?
High (rich) biodiversity
What is 1 way selective breeding is DIFFERENT from natural selection? (Selective breeding is also called artificial selection.)
Humans are not nature
Traits are passed from parents to offspring are always
Inherited
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
Lichens -› Grasses - Shrubs - Trees
How do pioneer species compare in primary and secondary succession?
Lichens and moss in primary, and grasses/ ferns in secondary
Food Web B is an example of...
Low biodiversity and low sustainability. If the producer dies then all the food web will suffer.
What is an autotroph ?
Makes it's own food
This type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller piece
Mechanical weathering
This is a picture of the.........ecoregoin
NO)
A consumer that eats both animals and producers.
Omnivores
An example of a behavioral adaptation is
Penguins budding for warmth
An example of a behavioral adaptation is
Penguins budding in the moth
Sand is..........meaning that water can pass through easily.
Permeable
In the energy pyramid, what is the bottom level composed of?
Producers
Which biome has the most variety of plants and animals?
Rainforest
What type of asexual reproduction is taking place? Fishermen work hard to catch and remove all the starfish that get into their favorite shell fishing beds and the "underwater farms" where they raise clams and oysters. In the past, they put the starfish into their boats, cut them up with knives, and then throw the pieces of starfish overboard. They thought this would kill the starfish. What they did not know was that each piece of starfish will grow into a whole new animal.
Regeneration
.............washes agricultural wastes, including animal wastes, fertilizers, and pesticides, into bodies of water, causing algae to grow.
Runoff
A farmer has bred his pineapple plants from the sweetest pineapples from his last harvest t get even sweeter pineapple plants. What is this an example of?
Selective breeding
Evidence shows that the wolf is the ancestor to all of the breeds of dogs shown below. How did this variation arise in a relatively short period of time?
Selective breeding
What is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction causes genetic variation in offspring.
Cactus plants in the desert have this to keep animals away from eating them
Spines/Thorns
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
Spruce
All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice, and snow that are found above ground
Surface water
Which blome has coniferous trees (trees that don't lose their leaves)?
Taiga
Which biome has 4 seasons ?
Temperate Forest
Which biome has deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves)?
Temperate Forest
Suppose there is a drought in this area. The level of the river drops because of it. What else could happen here?
The water table will fall
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
What is the role of the pioneer species in Primary Succession?
To break down rock and rebuild soil
All Offspring of Asexual reproduction are identical
True
True/False: Mutations are random
True
This biome has very little rainfall, also extremely cold temperatures for most of the year, and frozen soil makes ponds form.
Tundra
The genetic difference between individuals in the same species is
Variation
Cutting the roots from a carrot and allowing it to grow into a newly formed daughter carrot is called
Vegetative Reproduction
The top of the groundwater's zone of saturation - E
Water table
The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.
Weathering
Over millions of years, the shape of mountains on Earth's surface can change to low hills and then rolling plains. These changes are most likely caused by-
Weathering and erosion
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks down rocks, and erosion carries the broken pieces away.
Which natural disaster can be caused by lightning?
Wildfire;
This plant adaptation transports water from roots to stems.
Xylem
Which would most likely result in primary succession?
a Newly formed volcanic island
An estuary is........
an aquatic ecosystem where a river meets the ocean (mixture of fresh water and salt water)
Which of the follewing is a biotic factor in a desert ecosystem
cacti
When two or more organisms need the same resource, it results in
competition
Which of the following would have a negative impact on an ecosystem
constructing highways
Which type of natural disaster caused this damage? ( dried up land)
drought
When every organism of a given species has died
extinction
What gave Charles Darwin the idea of evolution?
finches in the Galapagos island
What best describes the term succession?
gradual changes over time to fully create or restorè and ecosystem
Which of the following is NOT one of the main factors that cause Weathering?
gravity
Hollow Bones in a bird
help the bird fly
The passing of genetic material from parents to offspring.
heredity
"Survival of the Fittest" describes which theory
natural selection
Natural selection is where ............... decides which traits should be passed on.
nature
Primary succession occurs in areas with:
no soil
When using a dichotomous key to identify organisms, what do we look at?
physical features
What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?
pioneer species
Starts with BARE ROCK followed by lichen
primary succession
All of the following are types of consumers EXCEPT for
producer
What forms both valleys and canyons ?
rivers
What forms both valleys and canyons?
rivers
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
secondary succession
When humans breed 2 organisms with specific traits to influence the traits of the next generation, it is
selective breeding
This shows which form of reproduction?
sexual
What is the source of all energy?
sun
The water that fills lakes and rivers
surface water
Some grasses grow in hot dry areas. Why might they grow deep roots?
to reach water down below
Why might some plants have thorns?
to stay safe from animals that want to eat the plant
Which characteristic is necessary for natural selection to occur in a species?
variation
Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a marine ecosystem?
water
In the Plains, droughts reduce the amount of plants causing erosion from to be worse.
wind
Which of these is an example of erosion?
wind blowing away sediment
What causes damage in a hurricane?
wind, storms, and inland flooding
