Science study Guide

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What step do we always start with when using dichotomous keys?

1

Biodiversity is best described as....

The amount of different organisms living in the same area

Which is an example of a climax community in this image?

The forest with the deer

The forest in panel #8 is a...

climax community

Heterotroph is another word (a synonym) for

consumer

How many parent(s)are needed for asexual?

1

Sexual reproduction requires.........parents and asexual reproduction requires........parents.

2,1

What is an example of a climax community?

A lot of ecosystems and organisms piled in once place

What catastrophic event results in destruction along a narrow path?

A tornado

Which of these is a trait that is acquired through learning?

Ability to throw a football in a spiral

What are heterotrophs?

An animal in which it eats other animals

Which is NOT a result of selective breeding?

An insect that matches the color of the environment

An area of permeable layer of rock or soil that holds a large amount of water in the saturated zone is called what?

Aquifer

Which process is considered to be faster?

Asexual

Which statement describes asexual and sexual reproduction?

Asexual needs one parent, and sexual needs two parents.

What is the correct order in this pond succession? (YOUNGEST to OLDEST)

B, A, D, C

Why is biodiversity in an ecosystem so important?

Because having ahigh biodiversity allows ecosystems to withstand disturbances (major changes).

What is asexual production ?

Binary Fission

Texas ecoregions are constantly changing due to natural and human impacts. What characteristic, we have studied, can increase an ecosystem's ability to withstand change?

Biodiversity

What does the decomposer do ?

Break apart dead organisms and make nutrients available to primary producers

Weathering can have which of the following effects in Texas?

Breaking down of rocks suck as at enchanted Rock

A hydra reproduces when an outgrowth, or bud, forms and continues to develop until it falls off of the parent. This is an example of:

Budding

Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?

Can grow even more shallow in areas with soil

How do adaptations help organisms ?

Can help an organism find food and water, protect itself, or manage in extreme environements.

What do we call the process in which rock is broken down by changes in its chemic makeup?

Chemical Weathering

What is a dichotomous key used for in science?

Classify organisms

Every living thing has genetic information stored in the form of

DNA

In general, as you move from the equator to the poles, what happens to blodiversity?

Decreases

...........is the dropping off/ depositing of rocks.

Deposition

Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers is called?

Deposition

What is an area of higher elevation that separates watersheds?

Divide

The process by which rock and soil are moved from one place to another is called....

Erosion

What would happen if their were no producers?

Everything would die out

What catastrophic event could cause contaminated water?

Flood

Which of the following agents is the usually responsible for the formation of canyons?

Flowing water

What catastrophic events adds nutrients back to the soil?

Forest Fire

Deposition can have which of the following effects in Texas?

Forming sand dunes at the coast

Sections of DNA that have instructions for a specific trait are called

Genes

Which biome has wide-open fields of grass?

Grasslands

Water stored in cracks and pores below the Earth's surface is called:

Groundwater

Wastes produced by agriculture, households, industry, mining, and other human activities can end up in

Groundwater, Oceans, and streams and rivers

Which Texas ecoregion would most likely have the most evidence of erosion by water?

Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes

Where does the red tail hawk directly get his energy from?

Hare (rabbit)

Which biome is more likely to survive a change in the environment?

High (rich) biodiversity

What is 1 way selective breeding is DIFFERENT from natural selection? (Selective breeding is also called artificial selection.)

Humans are not nature

Traits are passed from parents to offspring are always

Inherited

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

Lichens -› Grasses - Shrubs - Trees

How do pioneer species compare in primary and secondary succession?

Lichens and moss in primary, and grasses/ ferns in secondary

Food Web B is an example of...

Low biodiversity and low sustainability. If the producer dies then all the food web will suffer.

What is an autotroph ?

Makes it's own food

This type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller piece

Mechanical weathering

This is a picture of the.........ecoregoin

NO)

A consumer that eats both animals and producers.

Omnivores

An example of a behavioral adaptation is

Penguins budding for warmth

An example of a behavioral adaptation is

Penguins budding in the moth

Sand is..........meaning that water can pass through easily.

Permeable

In the energy pyramid, what is the bottom level composed of?

Producers

Which biome has the most variety of plants and animals?

Rainforest

What type of asexual reproduction is taking place? Fishermen work hard to catch and remove all the starfish that get into their favorite shell fishing beds and the "underwater farms" where they raise clams and oysters. In the past, they put the starfish into their boats, cut them up with knives, and then throw the pieces of starfish overboard. They thought this would kill the starfish. What they did not know was that each piece of starfish will grow into a whole new animal.

Regeneration

.............washes agricultural wastes, including animal wastes, fertilizers, and pesticides, into bodies of water, causing algae to grow.

Runoff

A farmer has bred his pineapple plants from the sweetest pineapples from his last harvest t get even sweeter pineapple plants. What is this an example of?

Selective breeding

Evidence shows that the wolf is the ancestor to all of the breeds of dogs shown below. How did this variation arise in a relatively short period of time?

Selective breeding

What is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

Sexual reproduction causes genetic variation in offspring.

Cactus plants in the desert have this to keep animals away from eating them

Spines/Thorns

A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?

Spruce

All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice, and snow that are found above ground

Surface water

Which blome has coniferous trees (trees that don't lose their leaves)?

Taiga

Which biome has 4 seasons ?

Temperate Forest

Which biome has deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves)?

Temperate Forest

Suppose there is a drought in this area. The level of the river drops because of it. What else could happen here?

The water table will fall

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.

What is the role of the pioneer species in Primary Succession?

To break down rock and rebuild soil

All Offspring of Asexual reproduction are identical

True

True/False: Mutations are random

True

This biome has very little rainfall, also extremely cold temperatures for most of the year, and frozen soil makes ponds form.

Tundra

The genetic difference between individuals in the same species is

Variation

Cutting the roots from a carrot and allowing it to grow into a newly formed daughter carrot is called

Vegetative Reproduction

The top of the groundwater's zone of saturation - E

Water table

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

Weathering

Over millions of years, the shape of mountains on Earth's surface can change to low hills and then rolling plains. These changes are most likely caused by-

Weathering and erosion

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Weathering breaks down rocks, and erosion carries the broken pieces away.

Which natural disaster can be caused by lightning?

Wildfire;

This plant adaptation transports water from roots to stems.

Xylem

Which would most likely result in primary succession?

a Newly formed volcanic island

An estuary is........

an aquatic ecosystem where a river meets the ocean (mixture of fresh water and salt water)

Which of the follewing is a biotic factor in a desert ecosystem

cacti

When two or more organisms need the same resource, it results in

competition

Which of the following would have a negative impact on an ecosystem

constructing highways

Which type of natural disaster caused this damage? ( dried up land)

drought

When every organism of a given species has died

extinction

What gave Charles Darwin the idea of evolution?

finches in the Galapagos island

What best describes the term succession?

gradual changes over time to fully create or restorè and ecosystem

Which of the following is NOT one of the main factors that cause Weathering?

gravity

Hollow Bones in a bird

help the bird fly

The passing of genetic material from parents to offspring.

heredity

"Survival of the Fittest" describes which theory

natural selection

Natural selection is where ............... decides which traits should be passed on.

nature

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

no soil

When using a dichotomous key to identify organisms, what do we look at?

physical features

What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?

pioneer species

Starts with BARE ROCK followed by lichen

primary succession

All of the following are types of consumers EXCEPT for

producer

What forms both valleys and canyons ?

rivers

What forms both valleys and canyons?

rivers

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

secondary succession

When humans breed 2 organisms with specific traits to influence the traits of the next generation, it is

selective breeding

This shows which form of reproduction?

sexual

What is the source of all energy?

sun

The water that fills lakes and rivers

surface water

Some grasses grow in hot dry areas. Why might they grow deep roots?

to reach water down below

Why might some plants have thorns?

to stay safe from animals that want to eat the plant

Which characteristic is necessary for natural selection to occur in a species?

variation

Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a marine ecosystem?

water

In the Plains, droughts reduce the amount of plants causing erosion from to be worse.

wind

Which of these is an example of erosion?

wind blowing away sediment

What causes damage in a hurricane?

wind, storms, and inland flooding


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