SCMA Exam Two-- Chapter 7
A value-stream map includes both inventory quantities, and symbols for customers and suppliers
true
Automated storage and retrieval systems are commonly used in distribution facilities of retailers
true
Process A has fixed costs of $1000 and variable costs of $5 per unit. Process B has fixed costs of $500 and variable costs of $15 per unit. The crossover point between process A and process B is A) 50 units B) 200 units C) $2,500 D) $5,000 E) $9,500
A
Smooth FM Radio uses a ______ approach when it mixes pre-recorded local segments with its national music blocks A) mass customization B) product focus C) process focus D) repetitive focus E) both D and A
A
In process-focused facilities, equipment utilization is low
true
In selecting new equiptment and technology, decision-makers look for flexibility- the ability to respond with little penalty in time, cost, or customer value
true
One essential ingredient of mass customization is modular design
true
One limitation of the net present value appraoch to investments is that investments with identical net present values may have very different cash flows
true
One use of camera-and-computer-based vision systems is to replace humans doing tedious and error-prone visual inspection activities
true
Optical checkout scanners and ATMs are examples of technologies impact on services
true
Price changes are useful for matching the level of demand to the capacity of a facility
true
Process control is the use of information technology to monitor and control a physical process
true
Processes can be environmentally friendly and socially responsible while still contributing to profitable strategies
true
Service blueprinting is a process analysis technique that focuses on the customer and the providers interaction with the customer
true
The assembly line is a classic example of a repetitive process
true
The term focused processes refers to the quest for increased efficiency, whether in goods or services, that results from specialization
true
The tool that calculates which process has the lowest cost at any specified production volume is a crossover chart
true
changes in capactiy may lead, lag, or straddle the demand
true
fixed costs are those costs that continue even if no units are produced
true
intermittent processes are organized around processes
true
the theory of constraints is a body of knowledge that deals with anything that limits an organizations ability to achieve its goals
true
time-function mapping is a flowchart with time added to the horizontal axis
true
A quasi-custom product A) gets its apparent customization from the combinations available from a small number of modules B) is often the output of repetitive focus facilities C) is a valid description of a fast food sandwich D) is only possible when the focus strategy of service productivity improvement is in use E) All but D are true.
E
An organizations process strategy A) will have long-run impact on efficiency and flexibility of production B) is the same as its transformation strategy C) must meet various constraints, including cost D) is concerned with how resources are transformed into goods and services E) All of the above are true.
E
High fixed costs and low variable costs are typical of which approach A) product B) process C) mass customization D) repetitive E) A and C
E
In mass service and service factory quadrants of the service process matrix, the operations manager could focus on all of the following except A) automation B) standardization C) tight quality control D) removing some services E) customization
E
Swift movement through the facility is typical of goods in which approach A) product B) process C) mass customization D) repetitive E) A and C
E
The four R's of sustainability do not include A) recycling B) resources C) regulations D) reputation E) responsibility
E
Value Stream Mapping A) is a variation on time function mapping B) examines the supply chain to determine where value is added C) extends time function mapping back to the supplier D) starts with the customer and works backwards E) All of the above are true.
E
When done correctly, mass customization A) increases pressure on supply-chain performance B) helps eliminate the guesswork that comes with sales forecasting C) drives down inventories D) increases pressure on scheduling E) all of the above
E
Which of the following companies use a mass customization approach A) Dell B) Align Technology C) Frito-Lay D) Arnold Palmer hospital E) A and B
E
Which of the following industries is most likely to have low equipment utilization A) auto manufacturing B) commercial baking C) television manufacturing D) chemical processing E) restaurants
E
Which of the following is not a strategy for improving service productivity? A) self-service B) automation C) scheduling D) separation E) mass customization
E
Which of the following is true regarding opportunities to improve service processes? A) Automation can do little to improve service processes, because services are so personal. B) Layout is of little consequence, since services seldom use an assembly line. C) If a work force is strongly committed, it need not be cross-trained and flexible. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above is true.
E
Which of the following is typical of process control systems? A) The output may take numerous forms including warning lights or statistical process control charts. B) The data are analyzed by computer, which generates feedback. C) Their sensors take measurements on a periodic basis. D) The sensors' measurements are digitized. E) all of the above
E
Which of the following products is likely to be assembled on a repetitive process line A) automobiles B) personal computers C) dishwashers D) television sets E) all of the above
E
Capacity decisions are based on technological concerns, not demand forecasts
False
Utilization is the number of units a facility can hold, receive, store, or produce in a period of time
False
Which of the following is false regarding repetitive processes A) They use modules. B) They allow easy switching from one product to the other. C) They are the classic assembly lines. D) They have more structure and less flexibility than a job shop layout. E) They include the assembly of basically all automobiles.
B
Which one of the following products is most likely made in a job shop environment A) rolls of newsprint B) paper forms C) television sets D) cigarettes E) canned vegetables
B
Strategies for improving productivity in services are A) separation, self-service, automation, and scheduling B) lean production, strategy-driven investments, automation, and process focus C) reduce inventory, reduce waste, reduce inspection, and reduce rework D) high interaction, mass customization, service factory, and just-in-time E) none of the aboveq
A
The use of information technology to monitor and control a physical process is known as A) process control B) computer-aided design C) information numeric control D) numeric control E) none of the above
A
Which of the following is not one of the essential ingredients for mass customization? A) storage of the many variations of finished goods to quickly accommodate the high level of customization B) personnel and facility flexibility C) reliance on modular design D) rapid throughput E) very effective scheduling
A
Which of the following phrases best describes process focus A) low volume, high variety B) finished goods are usually made to a forecast and stored C) operators are modestly skilled D) high fixed costs, low variable costs E) raw material inventories are low relative to the value of the product
A
"Operators simply load new programs, as necessary, to produce different products" describes A) CAD B) automated guided vehicles C) flexible manufacturing systems D) vision systems E) process control
C
A product-focused process is commonly used to produce A) high-volume, high-variety products B) low-volume, high-variety products C) high-volume, low-variety products D) low-variety products at either high- or low-volume E) high-volume products of either high- or low-variety
C
A system using an automated work cell controlled by electronic signals from a common centralized computer facility is called a(n) A) adaptive control system B) robotics C) flexible manufacturing system D) automatic guided vehicle (AGV) system E) manufacturing cell
C
An assembly line is an example of a A) product-focused process B) process-focused process C) repetitive process D) line process E) specialized process
C
Flexible equipment with rapid changeovers is most closely associated with which approach A) product B) process C) mass customization D) repetitive E) A and C
C
Making environmentally sound products through efficient processes A) is unprofitable, as long as recyclable materials prices are soft B) is known as lean manufacturing C) can still be profitable D) is easier for repetitive processes than for product-focused processes E) none of the above
C
One fundamental difference between a process chart and a process map is that A) the process chart uses a time dimension, while a process map is not time-oriented B) the process chart includes the supply chain, while the process map stays within an organization C) the process chart is more like a table, while the process map is more like a schematic diagram D) the process chart focuses on the customer and on the provider's interaction with the customer, while the process map does not deal directly with the customer E) None of these is true, because a process chart and a process map are the same thing.
C
Process X has fixed costs of $10,000 and variable costs of $2.40 per unit. Process Y has fixed costs of $9,000 and variable costs of $2.25 per unit. Which of the following statements is true? A) The crossover point is approximately 6667 units. B) It is impossible for one process to have both of its costs lower than those of another process. C) Process Y is cheaper than process X at all volumes; there is no crossover point. D) Process X should be selected for very large production volumes. E) Process X is more profitable than process Y and should be selected.
C
Product Focused processes A) allow more customization, but are not very efficient B) are desirable because resource needs increase slowly with the complexity of a process C) are processes that are specialized for relatively few products or customer groups D) apply only to service firms, not to manufacturers E) are profitable because customers demand flexibility, not specialization
C
Three types of processes are A) goods, services, and hybrids B) manual, automated, and service C) process focus, repetitive focus, and product focus D) modular, continuous, and technological E) input, transformation, and output
C
Which of the following statements regarding ethical and environmentally friendly processes is true? A) Operations managers can be environmentally sensitive, but they must avoid following a low cost strategy. B) Processes can be environmentally friendly or socially responsible, but not both. C) Operations managers can be environmentally sensitive and still follow a low cost strategy. D) Using energy-efficient lighting saves so little that it should not be labeled environmentally friendly. E) The only business strategy consistent with ethical and environmentally sensitive management is the differentiation strategy.
C
Which of the following transformations generally has the highest equipment utilization A) process-focused process B) repetitive process C) product-focused process D) specialized process E) modular process
C
A job shop is an example of A) repetitive process B) continuous process C) line process D) intermittent process E) specialized process
D
Automatic placement and withdrawal of parts and products into and from designated places in a warehouse" describes A) AGV B) CAD/CAM C) CIM D) ASRS E) FMS
D
Harley Davidson A) utilizes job shops to make each of its modules B) uses product focused manufacturing C) uses a large number of modules to build a small number of different bikes D) uses work cells to feed its assembly line E) All of the above are true.
D
In mass service and professional service, the operations manager should focus on A) automation B) equipment maintenance C) sophisticated scheduling D) human resources E) all of the above
D
One of the similarities between process focus and mass-customization is A) the volume of outputs B) the process layout C) the standard cost D) the variety of outputs E) All of the above are similarities
D
Service blueprinting A) provides the basis to negotiate prices with suppliers B) mimics the way people communicate C) determines the best time for each step in the process D) focuses on the provider's interaction with the customer E) shows how Ishikawa techniques can be added to improve quality
D
The crossover point is that production quantity where A) variable costs of one process equal the variable costs of another process B) fixed costs of a process are equal to its variable costs C) total costs equal total revenues for a process D) total costs for one process equal total costs for another process E) the process no longer loses money
D
Utilization in process-oriented facilities is frequently low because A) the postponement strategy for improving service productivity is being used B) scheduling in process-oriented facilities is not very complex C) with high fixed costs, utilization is not very important D) excess capacity for peak demands is desirable E) low raw material inventories cause machines to be idled
D
Which of the following is true regarding the concept of flexibility? A) It is the ability to change production rates with little penalty in time, cost, or customer value. B) It can be accomplished with sophisticated electronic equipment. C) It may involve modular, movable, even cheap equipment. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above is true.
D
Which of the following is true regarding vision systems? A) They are consistently accurate. B) They are modest in cost. C) They do not become bored. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above is true.
D
Which of the following phrases best describes product focus A) low volume, high variety B) finished goods are usually made to order C) processes are designed to perform a wide variety of activities D) high fixed costs, low variable costs E) raw material inventories are high relative to the value of the product
D
Which of the following technologies would enable a cashier to scan the entire contents of a shopping cart in seconds? A) ASRS B) AGV C) CAD/CAM D) RFID E) FMS
D
Which one of the following technologies is used only for material handling, not actual production or assembly? A) robots B) CNC C) CAD D) AGVs E) FMS
D
A drawing of the movement of material, product, or people is a A) flowchart B) process chart C) service blueprint D) process map E) none of the above
A
Arnold Palmer Hospital uses which focus? A) process B) repetitive C) product D) mass customization E) A and D
A
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) includes manufacturing systems that have A) computer-aided design, a flexible manufacturing system, inventory control, warehousing and shipping integrated B) transaction processing, management information systems, and decision support systems integrated C) automated guided vehicles, robots, and process control D) robots, automated guided vehicles, and transfer equipment E) all of the above
A
Goods made to order are typical of _____ and _____ approaches while goods made to forecast are typical of ____ and _____ approaches A) process, mass customization; repetitive, product B) product, mass customization; repetitive, process C) product, process; repetitive, mass customization D) repetitive, product; mass customization, process E) repetitive, process; mass customization, product
A
Process redesign A) is the fundamental rethinking of business processes B) can focus on any process C) tries to bring about dramatic improvements in performance D) focuses on activities that cross functional lines E) all of the above
e
A process map with the addition of a time axis becomes a process chart
false
Activity times should not be included in a service blueprint
false
An example of the postponement strategy for improving service productivity is having the customer wait until you have sufficient time to serve the customer
false
Break-even analysis identifies the volume at which fixed costs and revenue are equal
false
Break-even analysis is a powerful analytical tool, but is useful only when the organization produces a single profit
false
Harley-Davidson, because it has so many possible combinations of products, utilizes the process strategy of mass customization
false
Possible decision alternatives found in capacity EMV problems are future demands or market favorability
false
Production technology has had a major impact on services, but as yet there has been little reduction in service labor requirements
false
Professional services typically require low levels of labor intensity
false
Successful process redesign focuses on departmental areas where small, continuous improvements can be made
false
The NPV of 10000 to be received three years is considerably greater than 10000
false
The typical full-service restaurant uses a product-focused process
false
Flexibility can be achieved with A) movable equipment B) inexpensive equipment C) sophisticated electronic equipment D) modular equipment E) all of the above
E
the process time of a system is always at least a long as the process cycle time
false
to find the process cycle time with stimultaneous processes, compute the time over all paths and choose the shortest path through the system
false
Process maps use distance, but not time, to show the movement of material, product, or people through a process
false
Design capactiy is the theoretical maximum output of a system in a given period under ideal conditions
true
Expected output is sometimes referred to as rated capacity
true
Flexible manufacturing systems, because of easily changed control programs, are able to perform such tasks as manufacturing one-of-a-kind parts economically
true
A firms process strategy is its approach to transforming resources into goods and services
true
Advances in technology A) have impacted the manufacturing sector only B) have had only limited impact on services C) have failed to change the level of customer interaction with an organization D) have had dramatic impact on customer interaction with services and with products E) have dramatically changed health care, but have not changed retailing
D`
Frito Lay is to _____ focus as Harley Davidson is to ______ focus A) pocess, repetitive B) product, repetitive C) repetitive, product D) process, product E) product, mass customization
B
One of the similarities between repetitive focus and mass customization is A) the wide variety of outputs B) module inputs C) the process layout D) the standard cost E) the high volume of outputs
B
Which of the following characteristics best describes repetitive focus A) It uses sophisticated scheduling to accommodate custom orders. B) Its output is a standardized product produced from modules. C) Operators are broadly skilled. D) It is widely used for the manufacture of steel. E) Its costs are often known only after a job is done.
B
Ethical and environmentally friendly processes include which of the following? A) emission controls B) recycling C) efficient use of resources D) reduction of waste by-products E) all of the above
e
A useful tactic for increasing capacity is to redesign a product in order to get more throughput
true
