Short Stories

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What is a short story?

A short story is any work of narrative prose fiction, shorter than a novel. It usually involves one unified episode, or a sequence of related events. It was developed as a distinct literary form after the 18th century.

Setting: Manmade

Houses- the interior, exterior, size and type of house - farm, shack, hut, apartment, estate, or condominium Possessions - toys, books, jewelry, cars, clothing, furniture, television, computer, radio and carpet

Setting: Nature

Landscaping, which includes hills, mountains, rivers, lakes, oceans, valleys, and trees Conditions of weather like snow, rain, sunny, and tornado Animals like dogs, cats, horses, alligators, snakes, dinosaurs, grizzly bears, polar bears, and wholly mammoth

Characteristics of Short Stories

Plot Point of view Characterization Setting Style Theme

Style

Style is the distinctive and recognizable way an author uses language to create a work of literature.

Setting: Cultural Expectations

The expectations of society dictate the behavior of the characters. Characters behave according to what is considered normal or appropriate for their race, culture, class, or gender.

protagonist

The main character in a story

Plot

The plot is the sequence of events in a story and their relation to one another.

Point of View

The point of view refers to the author's choice of a narrator for the story. Who is speaking or telling the story?

Setting

The setting is the physical details of the place, time, weather, and social context that influence the actions of the characters of the story. Setting is created by language. The degree of details that is learned about the setting is determined by the author. Many authors leave a lot of the detail up to the reader.

Voice

a projection the author uses that enables you to hear the story instead of reading it

Metafiction

a work of fiction that explores its own nature as a literary creation

Theme

an abstract statement of the meaning of a story.

Round characters

are complex and described in detail.

Dynamic characters

are contradictory and changes in some way during the story.

Stock characters

are one-dimensional and exhibit only stereotypical features.

Flat characters

are simple and one-dimensional.

Characters

are the people who are involved in what happens in a story.

Static characters

are unsurprising and unchanging, they remain the same throughout the story.

Dramatic irony

helps make you aware of a reality that differs from the reality the characters perceive

Tone

helps you understand the author's attitude in a story, the emotional sound of the voice you hear in the narrative, the way the author conveys the unstated attitudes toward the story

secondary character

is the antagonist, this person usually opposes the protagonist

First person narration

is when the author uses the pronoun I

Second person narration

is when the author uses the pronoun you, but this is a less common narration

Third person narration

is when the author uses the pronouns he, she, and they

Figurative Language

language that is inaccurate but helpful in creating a vivid effect

Dialect

nonstandard English diction

Conventional Symbol

objects that convey an idea that is accepted by everyone (red, white, and blue flag is a symbol of the United States)

Syntax

putting the words into sentences

Diction

the exact words used

Verbal irony

the literal meaning of the author's words

Personal Symbol

used to depict ordinary objects so vividly in a story that they suggest powerful abstract ideas

Irony

using language that normally signifies the opposite

Symbolism

when the author uses anything in a story's setting, plot, or characterization that suggests an abstract meaning to the reader in addition to its literal meaning.


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