skeletal and joints
Coccyx
1
Sacrum
1
Thoracic vertebra
12
Atlas
1st vertebra, holds head
Axis
2nd vertebra, rotates head
frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary
4 types of paranasal sinuses
Lumbar vertebra
5
Cervical vertebra
7
Lacunae
Spaces between lamellae
Rotation
a bone spins one bone to another, rotating the head at the neck joint
26 bones
adult bones
Tarsals
ankle
Frontal bones
anterior part of cranium
Ethmoid bone
anterior portion of cranium, nasal conchae
Lumbar region
anteriorly
Calcium
bone is a major storage site for _
Osteoclasts
breakdown bone
Meatus
canal like passageway ex: external auditory
Medullary cavity
center of epiphysis red or yellow marrow
Central canal
center of osteon, contains blood vessel
Vertebral column or spine
central axis of the skeleton
Zygomatic bones
cheek bones
Clavicle
collar bone
Axial skeleton
composed of skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage
Hydroxyapatite
compressional strength
Articular cartilage
covers epiphyses and reduces friction
8 bones
cranial has_ bones
Cervical region
curves anterior
Thoracic region
curves posterior
Compact bone
dense with few spaces
Fossa
depression, example:; glenoid fossa
Epiphysis
ends of a spongy bone
canals
exchanging gasses and nutrients
14 bones
face has_ bones
Metatarsals
foot
Ulna and Radius
forearm
Nasal bones
form bridge nose
Palatine bones
form posterior portion of hard palate
Ossification
formation of the bone by osteoblasts
Maxillae
former upper jaw
Mandible
forms freely movable joint, lower jaw bone
Sphenoid bone
forms part of cranium floor, sella turcica
Diarthrosis
freely movable joint
Metacarpals
hand
Spongy bone
has many spaces
Acetabulum
hip socket
Foramen
hole, example: foramen magnum
Pelvis
includes pelvic girdle
Ischium
inferior and posterior region
Temporal bones
inferior to parietal bones
Endochondral ossification
inside hyaline cartilage
Synovial
joined by a fluid cavity
Extension
joint increases the angle of the joint
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
joints can be classified as_
Patella
knee cap
Paranasal sinuses
large cavity which open into the nasal cavity
Tibia
large lower leg
Inferior nasal conchae
lateral walls of nasal cavity
Spongy bone
located at the epiphyses of long bones, it has no osteons
Osteocytes
located in lacunae
Red marrow
location of blood forming
Tubercle
lump of bone
Lacrimal bones
medial surface of eye orbits
Periosteum
membrane around bones outer surface
Endosteum
membrane that lines medullary cavity
Vomer
midline of nasal cavity
ilium
most superior
Yellow marrow
mostly fat
Synarthrosis
non movable joint
Occipital bones
posterior portion of cranium
Osteoblasts
produce bone matrix
Process
projection, ex: mastoid process
Collagen
provides flexible strength
Sacral and coccygeal
regions together curve posteriorly
lamella
rings of bone matrix
Diaphysis
shaft
Scapula
shoulder bone
Parietal bone
sides and roof cranium
Epiphyseal plate
site of growth between diaphysis and epiphysis
Amphiarthrosis
slightly movable joint
Fibula
small lower leg
Condyle
smooth rounded end, ex: occipital condyle
Marrow
soft tissue
Osteon
structural unit of compact bone
22 bones
the skull has _ bones
Femur
thigh
Canaliculus
tiny canals
Phalanges
toes and fingers
Fibrous joint
united by fibrous connective tissue
Cartilaginous
united by means of cartilages
Hyoid bone
unpaired u shaped bone that is not part of the skull
Humerus
upper limb
Pelvic girdle
where lower libs attach to the body
Articulations
where to joints joined together
Intramembranous ossification
within connective tissue membrane,bones of skull
Carpals
wrists