SmartBook 3

Select the following which relate to the role of microtubules in a eukaryotic cell. A) cell contraction B) organelle movement C) cell shape D) cilia and flagella

B, C, D

Which of the following are components of the cytoskeleton? A) secretory vesicles B) actin filaments C) intermediate filaments D) myosin filaments E) microtubules

B, C, E

Which of the following are components of the endomembrane system? A) mitochondria B) chloroplast C) Golgi apparatus D) vesicles E) endoplasmic reticulum F) the nuclear envelope G) centriole

C, D, E, F

According to endosymbiotic theory, organelles specific to plants called _________________, probably evolved from cyanobacterial ancestors.

chloroplasts

The process of photosynthesis occurs with organelles called __________________.

chloroplasts

Evidence supports a similar process for the origin of the energy organelles, the _______________ that carry out photosynthesis and the __________________ that carry out cellular respiration.

chloroplasts mitochondria

Cells in which two domains lack a membrane-bound nucleus

eubacteria archaea

True or False: Peptidoglycan is a structural component of the cell walls of bacteria, archaeans, and eukaryotes.

false

True or False: The main characteristic that distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is a cell wall.

false

Short appendages used for attachment.

fimbriae

Some bacteria have short extracellular appendages that function in attachment. These appendages are called _________________.

fimbriae

Long thin appendages used for locomotion.

flagella

A protistan engulfs a macromolecule via vesicle. Which organelle could fuse to this vesicle and aid in breaking down this molecule?

lysosome

A vesicle that contains hydrolytic digestive enzymes.

lysosome

Which organelle is formed in the Golgi apparatus?

lysosome

A darkly staining region that may appear within the nucleus on an electron micrograph.

nucleolus

The location of rRNA production.

nucleolus

The semifluid material enclosed by the nuclear envelope.

nucleoplasm

The organelle that contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell.

nucleus

Small structures within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that perform specific functions.

organelles

Liver and kidney cells filter and destroy many toxins. As a result they contain high numbers of which type of organelle?

peroxisomes

Which cellular process occurs within chloroplasts?

photosynthesis

The action known as ________________, or exocytosis, involves the release of materials from the cell via vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

secretion

The release of cellular products from a cell.

secretion

The fluid-filled space inside a chloroplast.

stroma

Chloroplasts contain numerous structures called grana, each of which is a stick of ________________.

thylakoids

True or False: Both plant and animal cells contain organelles.

true

True or False: Lysosomes are structurally similar, but differ according to the enzymes that they contain.

true

True or False: The nucleoplasm has a different fluid composition than the cytoplasm of a cell.

true

Which protein forms microtubules in the cell?

tubulin

Gelatinous sheath that surrounds and protects the cell.

capsule

One meter is equal to how many centimeters?

100

One meter is equal to how many millimeters?

1000

One micrometer is equal to how many nanometers?

1000

One millimeter is equal to how many micrometers?

1000

Which of these materials are found in the cell walls of fungi? A) chitin B) peptidoglycan C) phospholipid

A

Which of the following are functions of intermediate filaments? A) support the plasma membrane B) support the nuclear envelope C) formation of cell-to-cell junctions D) formation of pseudopods for movement

A, B, C

Select all that are components of the cytoplasm. A) dissolved organic molecules B) water C) DNA D) salts E) phospholipids

A, B, D

Which of the following are functions of the cytoskeleton? A) aids in cell division B) cellular structural support C) stores water and nutrients D) intracellular transport

A, B, D

Select all examples of cells that are prokaryotic. A) bacterial cell B) plant cell C) archaea cell D) animal cell E) fungal cell

A, C

A molecule produced by cellular respiration that is used to fuel energy dependent cellular reactions.

ATP

Mitochondria use carbohydrates to produce ____________.

ATP

Bacterial cell walls contain which complex molecule composed of carbohydrate chains connected to peptides? A) cellulose B) chitin C) phospholipid D) peptidoglycan

D

Which of these cells have a membrane bound nucleus? A) neither prokaryotes or eukaryotes B) both prokaryotes and eukaryotes C) prokaryotes only D) eukaryotes only

D

Which of these organelles contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell? A) plasmid B) nucleolus C) nucleoplasm D) nucleus E) nucleoid

D

Which organelle relieves proteins and lipid-filled vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum and then repackages them for export in secretory vesicles?

Golgi apparatus

Bacterial cell walls contain which complex molecule composed of carbohydrate chains connected by peptides?

Peptidoglycan

The theory that states that all organisms are made up of cells that are capable of self-reproduction and only from preexisting living cells.

atomic theory

Chloroplasts use solar energy to synthesize ________________ during a process called photosynthesis.

carbohydrates

The basic unit of living organisms, which can carry out all of the necessary functions of life.

cells

The material that is common to the cell walls of plants and algae.

cellulose

The substance consisting of DNA and associated proteins in a eukaryotic cell's nucleus.

chromatin

When highly condensed, as it is in preparation of cell division, chromatin is called _________________.

chromosomes

The semifluid medium within a cell

cytoplasm

The nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum are components of the ___________________.

endomembrane system

Due to mutation in the HEXA gene, a substance called GM2, normally present in the tissues and nerve cells of the brain, accumulates there. The mutation mainly effects enzymes associated with which organelle in an affected individuals' cells?

lysosomes

All cells, except prokaryotes, convert carbohydrate energy to ATP within an organelle called the ___________________.

mitochondria

In a eukaryotic cell, within which organelle does cellular respiration occur?

mitochondria

Which two eukaryotic organelles function to convert energy into a form that cells can use?

mitochondria chloroplasts

Molecules that can attach, detach, and reattach to actin filaments to produce movement.

motor molecules

Tay-Sachs is often referred to as a lysosomal storage disorder because it prevents the function of lysosomal _________________.

protein

Chromatin consists of DNA and associated ______________.

proteins

Chromatin consists of DNA and associated _______________.

proteins

Which organelle is assembled in the nucleolus of the nucleus?

ribosome

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with _____________________.

ribosomes