SmartBook 3
Select the following which relate to the role of microtubules in a eukaryotic cell. A) cell contraction B) organelle movement C) cell shape D) cilia and flagella
B, C, D
Which of the following are components of the cytoskeleton? A) secretory vesicles B) actin filaments C) intermediate filaments D) myosin filaments E) microtubules
B, C, E
Which of the following are components of the endomembrane system? A) mitochondria B) chloroplast C) Golgi apparatus D) vesicles E) endoplasmic reticulum F) the nuclear envelope G) centriole
C, D, E, F
According to endosymbiotic theory, organelles specific to plants called _________________, probably evolved from cyanobacterial ancestors.
chloroplasts
The process of photosynthesis occurs with organelles called __________________.
chloroplasts
Evidence supports a similar process for the origin of the energy organelles, the _______________ that carry out photosynthesis and the __________________ that carry out cellular respiration.
chloroplasts mitochondria
Cells in which two domains lack a membrane-bound nucleus
eubacteria archaea
True or False: Peptidoglycan is a structural component of the cell walls of bacteria, archaeans, and eukaryotes.
false
True or False: The main characteristic that distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is a cell wall.
false
Short appendages used for attachment.
fimbriae
Some bacteria have short extracellular appendages that function in attachment. These appendages are called _________________.
fimbriae
Long thin appendages used for locomotion.
flagella
A protistan engulfs a macromolecule via vesicle. Which organelle could fuse to this vesicle and aid in breaking down this molecule?
lysosome
A vesicle that contains hydrolytic digestive enzymes.
lysosome
Which organelle is formed in the Golgi apparatus?
lysosome
A darkly staining region that may appear within the nucleus on an electron micrograph.
nucleolus
The location of rRNA production.
nucleolus
The semifluid material enclosed by the nuclear envelope.
nucleoplasm
The organelle that contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell.
nucleus
Small structures within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that perform specific functions.
organelles
Liver and kidney cells filter and destroy many toxins. As a result they contain high numbers of which type of organelle?
peroxisomes
Which cellular process occurs within chloroplasts?
photosynthesis
The action known as ________________, or exocytosis, involves the release of materials from the cell via vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.
secretion
The release of cellular products from a cell.
secretion
The fluid-filled space inside a chloroplast.
stroma
Chloroplasts contain numerous structures called grana, each of which is a stick of ________________.
thylakoids
True or False: Both plant and animal cells contain organelles.
true
True or False: Lysosomes are structurally similar, but differ according to the enzymes that they contain.
true
True or False: The nucleoplasm has a different fluid composition than the cytoplasm of a cell.
true
Which protein forms microtubules in the cell?
tubulin
Gelatinous sheath that surrounds and protects the cell.
capsule
One meter is equal to how many centimeters?
100
One meter is equal to how many millimeters?
1000
One micrometer is equal to how many nanometers?
1000
One millimeter is equal to how many micrometers?
1000
Which of these materials are found in the cell walls of fungi? A) chitin B) peptidoglycan C) phospholipid
A
Which of the following are functions of intermediate filaments? A) support the plasma membrane B) support the nuclear envelope C) formation of cell-to-cell junctions D) formation of pseudopods for movement
A, B, C
Select all that are components of the cytoplasm. A) dissolved organic molecules B) water C) DNA D) salts E) phospholipids
A, B, D
Which of the following are functions of the cytoskeleton? A) aids in cell division B) cellular structural support C) stores water and nutrients D) intracellular transport
A, B, D
Select all examples of cells that are prokaryotic. A) bacterial cell B) plant cell C) archaea cell D) animal cell E) fungal cell
A, C
A molecule produced by cellular respiration that is used to fuel energy dependent cellular reactions.
ATP
Mitochondria use carbohydrates to produce ____________.
ATP
Bacterial cell walls contain which complex molecule composed of carbohydrate chains connected to peptides? A) cellulose B) chitin C) phospholipid D) peptidoglycan
D
Which of these cells have a membrane bound nucleus? A) neither prokaryotes or eukaryotes B) both prokaryotes and eukaryotes C) prokaryotes only D) eukaryotes only
D
Which of these organelles contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell? A) plasmid B) nucleolus C) nucleoplasm D) nucleus E) nucleoid
D
Which organelle relieves proteins and lipid-filled vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum and then repackages them for export in secretory vesicles?
Golgi apparatus
Bacterial cell walls contain which complex molecule composed of carbohydrate chains connected by peptides?
Peptidoglycan
The theory that states that all organisms are made up of cells that are capable of self-reproduction and only from preexisting living cells.
atomic theory
Chloroplasts use solar energy to synthesize ________________ during a process called photosynthesis.
carbohydrates
The basic unit of living organisms, which can carry out all of the necessary functions of life.
cells
The material that is common to the cell walls of plants and algae.
cellulose
The substance consisting of DNA and associated proteins in a eukaryotic cell's nucleus.
chromatin
When highly condensed, as it is in preparation of cell division, chromatin is called _________________.
chromosomes
The semifluid medium within a cell
cytoplasm
The nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum are components of the ___________________.
endomembrane system
Due to mutation in the HEXA gene, a substance called GM2, normally present in the tissues and nerve cells of the brain, accumulates there. The mutation mainly effects enzymes associated with which organelle in an affected individuals' cells?
lysosomes
All cells, except prokaryotes, convert carbohydrate energy to ATP within an organelle called the ___________________.
mitochondria
In a eukaryotic cell, within which organelle does cellular respiration occur?
mitochondria
Which two eukaryotic organelles function to convert energy into a form that cells can use?
mitochondria chloroplasts
Molecules that can attach, detach, and reattach to actin filaments to produce movement.
motor molecules
Tay-Sachs is often referred to as a lysosomal storage disorder because it prevents the function of lysosomal _________________.
protein
Chromatin consists of DNA and associated ______________.
proteins
Chromatin consists of DNA and associated _______________.
proteins
Which organelle is assembled in the nucleolus of the nucleus?
ribosome
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with _____________________.
ribosomes