SmartBook Ch. 16.1 - 16.2 Receptor and General Senses
True or false: Sensory receptors are composed of sensory organs. True false
False
Which term refers to the conscious perception of a stimulus? Multiple choice question. Transduction Receptor potential Sensation Sensory modality
Sensation
Which term refers to how long a stimulus lasts? Multiple choice question. Intensity Location Modality Duration
Duration
Which types of sensory receptors are encapsulated nerve endings? Multiple select question. Hair receptors End bulbs Tactile (Merkel) discs Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Bulbous (Ruffini) corpuscles Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles
End bulbs Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Bulbous (Ruffini) corpuscles Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles
Which are examples of special senses? Multiple select question. Equilibrium Pain Touch Vision Smell Heat
Equilibrium Vision Smell
True or false: All sensory signals are consciously perceived. True false question. True False
False True or false: All sensory signals are consciously perceived. True false question. True Reason: This is false. While many sensory signals travel to the cerebral cortex, and are consciously perceived, others, such as the spinal reflexes, remain subconscious as they only travel to the cord. False Reason: While many sensory signals travel to the cerebral cortex, and are consciously perceived, others, such as the spinal reflexes, remain subconscious as they only travel to the cord.
Which type of pain usually occurs first in an injury? Multiple choice question. Slow pain Fast pain
Fast pain
Which term refers to unencapsulated nerve endings that act as temperature receptors (warm and cold), and nociceptors (pain)? Multiple choice question. Tactile (Merkel) discs Free nerve endings Peritrichial endings Hair receptors
Free nerve endings
Which three terms refer to all the senses that utilize receptors widely distributed throughout the body? Multiple select question. General senses Somesthetic senses Special senses Somatosensory senses
General senses Somesthetic senses Somatosensory senses
Which type of nerve ending detects deflection (bending) of body hair? Multiple choice question. Tactile discs Free nerve endings Tendon organs Hair receptors
Hair receptors
Which are examples of sensory modality? Multiple select question. Tonic Hearing Vision Phasic Taste
Hearing Vision Taste
Which of these mechanoreceptors detect deep vibration? Multiple choice question. Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles Bulbous (Ruffini) corpuscles Tactile (Merkel) discs
Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles
Which type of receptor detects touch, pressure, stretch, or vibration? Multiple choice question. Mechanoreceptor Thermoreceptor Photoreceptor Chemoreceptor Nociceptor
Mechanoreceptor
Most encapsulated nerve endings are which of the following? Multiple choice question. Thermoreceptors Nociceptors Chemoreceptors Mechanoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Proprioceptors respond to which type of stimuli? Multiple choice question. Chemicals that trigger tastes and smells Pressure and stretch in internal organs Sound waves in the air Movements or changes in body position
Movements or changes in body position
Which type of receptor is involved in the sensation of pain? Multiple choice question. Photoreceptor Thermoreceptor Chemoreceptor Nociceptor Mechanoreceptor
Nociceptor
The term referred pain specifically refers to which of the following? Multiple choice question. Pain that originates in the viscera, but which seems to come from the skin Pain that triggers emotional and behavioral responses Pain that arises from activity in the cranial nerves Pain that has no medically identifiable causes and which is therefore attributed to psychological factors
Pain that originates in the viscera, but which seems to come from the skin
Where are lamellar corpuscles located? Multiple select question. Pancreas Deep in the dermis Periosteum of bones Joint capsules Brain
Pancreas Deep in the dermis Periosteum of bones Joint capsules
What are the characteristics of a phasic receptor? Select all that apply. Multiple select question. Produces a quick burst of action potentials Adapts slowly to a stimulus Adapts quickly to a stimulus Produces a steady, prolonged response
Produces a quick burst of action potentials Adapts quickly to a stimulus
Which term refers to any structure specialized to detect a stimulus? Multiple choice question. Modality Receptor Sense organ Nerve
Receptor
During a heart attack, people often experience pain in their shoulder even though the pain is being triggered by ischemia (lack of oxygen) in the heart muscle. Which type of pain does this describe? Multiple choice question. Cutaneous pain Referred pain Psychosomatic pain First (fast) pain
Referred pain
An electrical signal generated in the retina travels along a specific pathway in the nervous system to reach the visual cortex in the brain. Which term describes that pathway? Multiple choice question. Receptor potential Sensory projection pathway Phasic receptor Receptor field
Sensory projection pathway
Which sensory modalities depend on the activation of chemoreceptors? Multiple select question. Taste Hearing Smell Vision
Taste Smell
What is sensory adaptation? Multiple choice question. The type of stimulus or sensation that it evokes The decrease in perceived sensation over time The amplitude or strength or a stimulus The ability of the brain to identify the site of stimulation
The decrease in perceived sensation over time
What is a sensory projection pathway? Multiple choice question. A brief, local change in the membrane potential of a sensory cell triggered by a stimulus The neural pathway followed by sensory signals on their way to the brain The first area of cortex to receive incoming sensory information The area within which an individual receptor is able to detect a stimulus
The neural pathway followed by sensory signals on their way to the brain
Which are somesthetic senses? Multiple select question. Touch Pain Pressure Equilibrium Stretch
Touch Pain Pressure Stretch
What is the primary function of a sensory receptor? Multiple choice question. Perception Amplification Propagation Transduction
Transduction
Hair receptors ______. Multiple choice question. adapt quickly do not adapt
adapt quickly
Perception Reason: Perception is the conscious awareness of a stimulus and is a function of the brain. Amplification Reason: Amplification refers to increasing something. The primary function of a sensory receptor is transduction - to convert stimulus energy into a bioelectrical signal (the receptor potential). Propagation Reason: An action potential is propagated along an axon, meaning that the action potential is "recreated" as it spreads down the length of the axon.
not a question, but information
Pain from arthritis is a type of ______ pain. Multiple choice question. visceral superficial somatic deep somatic
deep somatic
Which type of receptor is involved in the sensation of pain? Multiple choice question. Thermoreceptor Photoreceptor Mechanoreceptor Chemoreceptor Nociceptor
Nociceptor
Select all that apply What are the characteristics of a tonic receptor? Select all that apply. Multiple select question. Produces a quick, short-lived burst of action potentials Produces a steady, prolonged response Adapts slowly to a stimulus Adapts quickly to a stimulus
Produces a steady, prolonged response Adapts slowly to a stimulus
Which term refers to sensory receptors accompanied by accessory tissues that facilitate transduction of a stimulus? Multiple choice question. Labeled line Sensory receptor Receptor potential Sense organ
Sense organ
After spraying perfume on her neck, Tasha becomes less aware of the scent over time. What property is this describing? Multiple choice question. Analgesic effect Sensory adaptation Referred pain Sensory projection
Sensory adaptation
An electrical signal generated in the retina travels along a specific pathway in the nervous system to reach the visual cortex in the brain. Which term describes that pathway? Multiple choice question. Sensory projection pathway Phasic receptor Receptor field Receptor potential
Sensory projection pathway
Which are examples of somatosensory (general) senses? Multiple select question. Stretch Touch Vision Pain Pressure Equilibrium
Stretch Touch Pain Pressure
_____ is the conversion of one form of energy to another. In biology, it is used to describe the conversion of stimulus energy into an electrical signal in the nervous system. Multiple choice question. Transduction Sensation Transformation Perception
Transduction
Which term refers to a substance or mechanism that has pain-relieving properties? Multiple choice question. Antibody Analgesic Bradykinin Pyrogen
Analgesic
Which term refers to a substance or mechanism that has pain-relieving properties? Multiple choice question. Hyperalgesic Analgesic Nociceptive Inflammatory
Analgesic
Which sensations result from activation of interoceptors? Multiple select question. Pain in the skin Bladder pressure Visceral pain Hearing Vision
Bladder pressure Visceral pain
____ is a sensory modality mediated by specialized receptors called nociceptors.
Blank 1: Pain or pain
The initial effect of a stimulus on a sensory receptor is a small, local change in membrane potential called a(n) _____ potential.
Blank 1: receptor, receptors, or Receptor
A _____ is a receptor that responds to temperature (heat and cold).
Blank 1: thermoreceptor, thermoreceptors, or Thermoreceptor
Multiple Choice Question Which term refers to the type of stimulus or sensation produced when a sensory receptor is activated? Multiple choice question. Modality Effector Format Threshold
Modality
Which can be defined as discomfort resulting from tissue damage or exposure to noxious stimuli? Multiple choice question. Proprioception Somesthesis Somatosensation Pain
Pain
Which term refers to a local, stimulus-induced change in the membrane potential of a receptor cell? Multiple choice question. Sensation Receptive field Sensory modality Receptor potential
Receptor potential
Senses in which of the following categories utilize receptors that are specific to a particular area of the body? Multiple choice question. Special senses Somatosensory senses General senses Somesthetic senses
Special senses
Exteroceptors respond to which of the following? Multiple choice question. Stimuli from internal organs Stimuli that produce feelings of nausea Stimuli external to the body Stimuli pertaining to the position or movements of body parts
Stimuli external to the body
Which type of receptor is specialized to respond to hot and cold stimuli? Multiple choice question. Thermoreceptor Photoreceptor Nociceptor Chemoreceptor Mechanoreceptor
Thermoreceptor
Nociceptors that give rise to the sensation of slow pain are characterized by which of the following? Multiple choice question. Long axons Unmyelinated axons Myelinated axons Short axons
Unmyelinated axons
Which types of sensation depend on the activation of mechanoreceptors? Multiple select question. Cold Vision Vibration Hearing Balance Touch
Vibration Hearing Balance Touch
hich types of sensory receptors consist of free nerve endings? Multiple select question. Warm receptors Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Nociceptors Cold receptors
Warm receptors Nociceptors Cold receptors
What information does the brain use to determine the intensity of a stimulus? Multiple select question. Which sensory neurons respond How rapidly the sensory neurons fire Which receptive fields are stimulated How many sensory neurons respond How long the stimulus lasts
Which sensory neurons respond How rapidly the sensory neurons fire How many sensory neurons respond
The position and movements of body parts is detected by receptors called ______. Multiple choice question. chemoreceptors proprioceptors thermoreceptors nociceptors
proprioceptors
Vision is a ______ sense. Multiple choice question. general special
special