SmartBook Ch. 16.1 - 16.2 Receptor and General Senses

True or false: Sensory receptors are composed of sensory organs. True false

False

Which term refers to the conscious perception of a stimulus? Multiple choice question. Transduction Receptor potential Sensation Sensory modality

Sensation

Which term refers to how long a stimulus lasts? Multiple choice question. Intensity Location Modality Duration

Duration

Which types of sensory receptors are encapsulated nerve endings? Multiple select question. Hair receptors End bulbs Tactile (Merkel) discs Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Bulbous (Ruffini) corpuscles Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles

End bulbs Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Bulbous (Ruffini) corpuscles Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles

Which are examples of special senses? Multiple select question. Equilibrium Pain Touch Vision Smell Heat

Equilibrium Vision Smell

True or false: All sensory signals are consciously perceived. True false question. True False

False True or false: All sensory signals are consciously perceived. True false question. True Reason: This is false. While many sensory signals travel to the cerebral cortex, and are consciously perceived, others, such as the spinal reflexes, remain subconscious as they only travel to the cord. False Reason: While many sensory signals travel to the cerebral cortex, and are consciously perceived, others, such as the spinal reflexes, remain subconscious as they only travel to the cord.

Which type of pain usually occurs first in an injury? Multiple choice question. Slow pain Fast pain

Fast pain

Which term refers to unencapsulated nerve endings that act as temperature receptors (warm and cold), and nociceptors (pain)? Multiple choice question. Tactile (Merkel) discs Free nerve endings Peritrichial endings Hair receptors

Free nerve endings

Which three terms refer to all the senses that utilize receptors widely distributed throughout the body? Multiple select question. General senses Somesthetic senses Special senses Somatosensory senses

General senses Somesthetic senses Somatosensory senses

Which type of nerve ending detects deflection (bending) of body hair? Multiple choice question. Tactile discs Free nerve endings Tendon organs Hair receptors

Hair receptors

Which are examples of sensory modality? Multiple select question. Tonic Hearing Vision Phasic Taste

Hearing Vision Taste

Which of these mechanoreceptors detect deep vibration? Multiple choice question. Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles Bulbous (Ruffini) corpuscles Tactile (Merkel) discs

Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles

Which type of receptor detects touch, pressure, stretch, or vibration? Multiple choice question. Mechanoreceptor Thermoreceptor Photoreceptor Chemoreceptor Nociceptor

Mechanoreceptor

Most encapsulated nerve endings are which of the following? Multiple choice question. Thermoreceptors Nociceptors Chemoreceptors Mechanoreceptors

Mechanoreceptors

Proprioceptors respond to which type of stimuli? Multiple choice question. Chemicals that trigger tastes and smells Pressure and stretch in internal organs Sound waves in the air Movements or changes in body position

Movements or changes in body position

Which type of receptor is involved in the sensation of pain? Multiple choice question. Photoreceptor Thermoreceptor Chemoreceptor Nociceptor Mechanoreceptor

Nociceptor

The term referred pain specifically refers to which of the following? Multiple choice question. Pain that originates in the viscera, but which seems to come from the skin Pain that triggers emotional and behavioral responses Pain that arises from activity in the cranial nerves Pain that has no medically identifiable causes and which is therefore attributed to psychological factors

Pain that originates in the viscera, but which seems to come from the skin

Where are lamellar corpuscles located? Multiple select question. Pancreas Deep in the dermis Periosteum of bones Joint capsules Brain

Pancreas Deep in the dermis Periosteum of bones Joint capsules

What are the characteristics of a phasic receptor? Select all that apply. Multiple select question. Produces a quick burst of action potentials Adapts slowly to a stimulus Adapts quickly to a stimulus Produces a steady, prolonged response

Produces a quick burst of action potentials Adapts quickly to a stimulus

Which term refers to any structure specialized to detect a stimulus? Multiple choice question. Modality Receptor Sense organ Nerve

Receptor

During a heart attack, people often experience pain in their shoulder even though the pain is being triggered by ischemia (lack of oxygen) in the heart muscle. Which type of pain does this describe? Multiple choice question. Cutaneous pain Referred pain Psychosomatic pain First (fast) pain

Referred pain

An electrical signal generated in the retina travels along a specific pathway in the nervous system to reach the visual cortex in the brain. Which term describes that pathway? Multiple choice question. Receptor potential Sensory projection pathway Phasic receptor Receptor field

Sensory projection pathway

Which sensory modalities depend on the activation of chemoreceptors? Multiple select question. Taste Hearing Smell Vision

Taste Smell

What is sensory adaptation? Multiple choice question. The type of stimulus or sensation that it evokes The decrease in perceived sensation over time The amplitude or strength or a stimulus The ability of the brain to identify the site of stimulation

The decrease in perceived sensation over time

What is a sensory projection pathway? Multiple choice question. A brief, local change in the membrane potential of a sensory cell triggered by a stimulus The neural pathway followed by sensory signals on their way to the brain The first area of cortex to receive incoming sensory information The area within which an individual receptor is able to detect a stimulus

The neural pathway followed by sensory signals on their way to the brain

Which are somesthetic senses? Multiple select question. Touch Pain Pressure Equilibrium Stretch

Touch Pain Pressure Stretch

What is the primary function of a sensory receptor? Multiple choice question. Perception Amplification Propagation Transduction

Transduction

Hair receptors ______. Multiple choice question. adapt quickly do not adapt

adapt quickly

Perception Reason: Perception is the conscious awareness of a stimulus and is a function of the brain. Amplification Reason: Amplification refers to increasing something. The primary function of a sensory receptor is transduction - to convert stimulus energy into a bioelectrical signal (the receptor potential). Propagation Reason: An action potential is propagated along an axon, meaning that the action potential is "recreated" as it spreads down the length of the axon.

not a question, but information

Pain from arthritis is a type of ______ pain. Multiple choice question. visceral superficial somatic deep somatic

deep somatic

Which type of receptor is involved in the sensation of pain? Multiple choice question. Thermoreceptor Photoreceptor Mechanoreceptor Chemoreceptor Nociceptor

Nociceptor

Select all that apply What are the characteristics of a tonic receptor? Select all that apply. Multiple select question. Produces a quick, short-lived burst of action potentials Produces a steady, prolonged response Adapts slowly to a stimulus Adapts quickly to a stimulus

Produces a steady, prolonged response Adapts slowly to a stimulus

Which term refers to sensory receptors accompanied by accessory tissues that facilitate transduction of a stimulus? Multiple choice question. Labeled line Sensory receptor Receptor potential Sense organ

Sense organ

After spraying perfume on her neck, Tasha becomes less aware of the scent over time. What property is this describing? Multiple choice question. Analgesic effect Sensory adaptation Referred pain Sensory projection

Sensory adaptation

An electrical signal generated in the retina travels along a specific pathway in the nervous system to reach the visual cortex in the brain. Which term describes that pathway? Multiple choice question. Sensory projection pathway Phasic receptor Receptor field Receptor potential

Sensory projection pathway

Which are examples of somatosensory (general) senses? Multiple select question. Stretch Touch Vision Pain Pressure Equilibrium

Stretch Touch Pain Pressure

_____ is the conversion of one form of energy to another. In biology, it is used to describe the conversion of stimulus energy into an electrical signal in the nervous system. Multiple choice question. Transduction Sensation Transformation Perception

Transduction

Which term refers to a substance or mechanism that has pain-relieving properties? Multiple choice question. Antibody Analgesic Bradykinin Pyrogen

Analgesic

Which term refers to a substance or mechanism that has pain-relieving properties? Multiple choice question. Hyperalgesic Analgesic Nociceptive Inflammatory

Analgesic

Which sensations result from activation of interoceptors? Multiple select question. Pain in the skin Bladder pressure Visceral pain Hearing Vision

Bladder pressure Visceral pain

____ is a sensory modality mediated by specialized receptors called nociceptors.

Blank 1: Pain or pain

The initial effect of a stimulus on a sensory receptor is a small, local change in membrane potential called a(n) _____ potential.

Blank 1: receptor, receptors, or Receptor

A _____ is a receptor that responds to temperature (heat and cold).

Blank 1: thermoreceptor, thermoreceptors, or Thermoreceptor

Multiple Choice Question Which term refers to the type of stimulus or sensation produced when a sensory receptor is activated? Multiple choice question. Modality Effector Format Threshold

Modality

Which can be defined as discomfort resulting from tissue damage or exposure to noxious stimuli? Multiple choice question. Proprioception Somesthesis Somatosensation Pain

Pain

Which term refers to a local, stimulus-induced change in the membrane potential of a receptor cell? Multiple choice question. Sensation Receptive field Sensory modality Receptor potential

Receptor potential

Senses in which of the following categories utilize receptors that are specific to a particular area of the body? Multiple choice question. Special senses Somatosensory senses General senses Somesthetic senses

Special senses

Exteroceptors respond to which of the following? Multiple choice question. Stimuli from internal organs Stimuli that produce feelings of nausea Stimuli external to the body Stimuli pertaining to the position or movements of body parts

Stimuli external to the body

Which type of receptor is specialized to respond to hot and cold stimuli? Multiple choice question. Thermoreceptor Photoreceptor Nociceptor Chemoreceptor Mechanoreceptor

Thermoreceptor

Nociceptors that give rise to the sensation of slow pain are characterized by which of the following? Multiple choice question. Long axons Unmyelinated axons Myelinated axons Short axons

Unmyelinated axons

Which types of sensation depend on the activation of mechanoreceptors? Multiple select question. Cold Vision Vibration Hearing Balance Touch

Vibration Hearing Balance Touch

hich types of sensory receptors consist of free nerve endings? Multiple select question. Warm receptors Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles Nociceptors Cold receptors

Warm receptors Nociceptors Cold receptors

What information does the brain use to determine the intensity of a stimulus? Multiple select question. Which sensory neurons respond How rapidly the sensory neurons fire Which receptive fields are stimulated How many sensory neurons respond How long the stimulus lasts

Which sensory neurons respond How rapidly the sensory neurons fire How many sensory neurons respond

The position and movements of body parts is detected by receptors called ______. Multiple choice question. chemoreceptors proprioceptors thermoreceptors nociceptors

proprioceptors

Vision is a ______ sense. Multiple choice question. general special

special