Soc 110 Midterm review

When comparing the racial slurs "honky" and "boy" from a sociological perspective:

"Honky" has racial connotations but "boy" can be applied to anyone regardless of race

In the US from the early twentieth century to the mid-twentieth century, which statement best describes the transformation many Jewish Americans underwent?

...

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between "race" and hierarchy?

...

What are the Six Styles of Color-blindness?

1. I'm not prejudiced but/some of my best friends are 2. I'm not black so I don't know 3. Yes and no, but... 4. Anything but race 5. Projection ("They are the racist ones.")- the "self-segregation" argument is often found here 6. Diminutives ("It makes me a little angry.")

What are the Four Central Frames of Colorblind Racism?

1.Abstract 2.Naturalization 3.Cultural racism 4.Minimization

What is Naturalization?

Allows whites to explain away racial phenomena by suggesting they are natural occurrences. Segregation seen as natural. Least used frame. -"There are gonna be white communities and...black communities..." (p. 37). -"We all try to stay with our own kind"( p. 38).

What is color-blind racism?

An ideology explaining racial inequality as the outcome of nonracial dynamics.

True or False?: According to sociologists, even though we still have a long way to go, millionaires like Oprah Winfrey and Bill Cosby indicate substantial progress toward racial equality.

False

True or False?: U.S. schools are much less racially segregated in the 21st century than when the Supreme Court first ordered desegregation in 1954.

False

According to Charles Gallagher, the fact that whites can wear hip hop clothing, and blacks are prominently featured in McDonald's commercials:

Influences Americans into believing a myth that racism no longer exists

According to Springwood and King (in "'Playing Indian': Why Native American Mascots Must End"), which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between Native American mascots and racism?

Institutions control how Native Americans are portrayed, perpetuating white privilege and racism

Which of the following best describes why colorblind racism is so harmful?

It draws our attention away from the systemic institutionalized racism that continues to impact present-day racial inequalities

What colorblind racism is NOT

Not to demonize whites or label them 'racist' but uncover the collective practices that help reinforce the contemporary racial order"

According to the readings since the last quiz, colorblindness does which of the following?

Suggests that class and culture, rather than institutional racism, is responsible for the continued racial inequality in society

What is Rhetorical Incoherence?

This isn't so much as a "semantic move" as it is another rhetorical finding often accompanying whites' colorblind talk (though usually not blacks'). Grammar mistakes, lengthy pauses, repetition - natural but increases with sensitive subjects. Used especially in discussing personal relationships with blacks (interracial dating, marriage, self-segregation) Can notice the difference if/when people were articulate earlier in the interview Use these tools to repair 'mistakes' of appearance, to restore image of color- blindness These are used to preserve the myth of colorblindness.

What is Abstract Liberalism?

•Involves using ideas associated with political liberalism and economic liberalism in an abstract manner to explain racial matters. •Ignores effects of past and present discrimination •Opposes practical approaches to deal with de facto racial inequality, focusing on individual "choices" -"They should be doing better." -"That happened three G*d-d****d generations ago." -"(t)hey choose to live in a neighborhood that is their race."

Why do people use these frames?

•Positioning themselves as open-minded, unprejudiced individuals •The most accepted way of talking about race today •It is relatively unpopular for us to say "blacks are still discriminated against in housing, jobs, etc." and "whites experience many privileges when seeking employment, housing, etc."

What is Cultural Racism?

•Relies on culturally based arguments to explain the standing of minorities in society. •Blaming the "victim": lack of effort, family structure, values. -"(T)hey just follow the roles their parents had..."(p.40). -"...the priorities are different" (p.41). -"They want to make, get money faster than whites. They don't want to take the time to get educated" (p.42). -"our minorities are lazy" (p.42)

What is Minimization?

•Suggests discrimination is no longer a central factor affecting minorities' life choices. •See discrimination claims as bogus, due to hypersensitivity, as excuses, playing the "race card". •Only counts all-out racist behavior as discriminatory. -"(Y)ou have to look at credentials." p.44. -(Discrimination) is a bunch of crap...(I)f they're qualified, they'll hire you...p.45. -(I)f you are looking for discrimination... it's there to be found...people have tendency to use prejudice or racism...as an excuse." P.46.