SOC-339 Ch. 13

A diversity index allows us to calculate the probability that, if we select two people at random, we will find individuals who differ on the characteristic we are interested in. A score of 0 means everyone is the same and a score of 1 means everyone is unique. A score closer to 1 means that more people differ on whatever it is we are looking at. How does the diversity of household types (married couples, extended households, individual, single-parent, non-family group) compare between 1960 and 2010?

.51; .71

Which of the following statements would most likely be made by a proponent of the critical perspective toward family change?

"The traditional family form exacerbates inequality and policies that free people from family dependency should be supported."

Our modern identities now include an institutionalized expectation of choice in family life, that is, we have no choice about having a choice. Which of the following is a major consequence of this expected usage of choice as noted by the textbook? Chose all that apply.

1. A large diversity of lifestyle choices has become available. 3. People now feel compelled to actively investigate and justify the choices they make. 4. A popular attitude has developed that the law should not restrict such choices.

Which of the following is an example of religious identity impacting families? Chose all that apply.

1. The traditional Jewish practice of circumcision of newborn males in a synagogue. 2. The choice a woman makes to only marry within her religious group. 3. Relatives turning to religious authority for help during a funeral. 4. The corporal punishment of children as according to religious beliefs of conservative Christians

The textbook lists which of the following as consequences in a society that has experienced a change in age structure due to a demographic transition? Chose all that apply.

1. There will eventually be an increase in the number of elderly people. 3. Society will start to invest more in each child.

Which of the following aspects of family life have become more diverse in the last half century? Chose all that apply.

1. age at marriage 2. racial ethnicity 3. religious preference 4. family living arrangements

According to the textbook, what does the future of American racial and ethnic diversity depend on? Choose all that apply.

1. the politics and policies of the government with regard to immigration 2. whether immigrant fertility rates begin to equalize with American ones 3. the frequency of intermarriage between ethnic groups 4. the economic conditions immigrants experience in the United States.

Which of the following has limited the marriage options for many African-American women? Choose all that apply.

1.unemployment 2. mortality 3. incarceration

In 1970, about 10 percent of the U. S. population was age 65 and older. What is the projected percentage for 2030?

20 percent

Which of the following are trends identified by the textbook that will help us confront the challenge of needing a larger workforce to support the increasing elderly population? Chose all that apply.

3. longer life expectancies so people work longer 4. the rising labor force participation of women

Which of the following does this figure suggest about living arrangements for elderly Americans?

Among those 85 and older, women are much more likely to live in an institution.

In regard to social mobility, what do the latest trends suggest about the social class of children currently in the United States compared to other nations?

Compared to children in other advanced democratic countries, they are more likely to end up in the same social class position

As a measure of social diversity, the diversity index tell us which of the following?

If we examine two people at random, it tells us the probability that they are from different groups.

Maria is a 65-year-old woman who lives with and takes care of her two grandchildren. Given the current trends noted in the textbook regarding these types of families, which of the following is most likely a characteristic of their family?

Maria is caring for her grandchildren out of a sense of family loyalty.

This bar graph illustrates the living arrangements of American women and men age 75-84. What do you think is the most common household situation for men in this age group?

Own Household, No Children, Married

Figure 13.7 shows attitudes regarding growing family diversity in 2010 Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the figure?

People over 55, those who attend religious services more often, and people that identify as Republicans are more likely to view family diversity as a "bad thing."

What trends have been noted in the past several decades with regards to religious diversity in the United States?

The United States became more religiously diverse due to many smaller groups growing while the two dominant groups shrank

social diversity

The condition of difference in experiences or characteristics of people in a population

demographic transition

The historical change from a society with low life expectancy and high birth rates to one with high life expectancy and low birth rates.

age structure

The relative number of people of each age in a population

Which of the following statements is true regarding family types and income since the 1970s in the United States?

There are more families with two high earners and more families with one low earner, and this has created a large income gap between family types.

According to the textbook, which of the following are important factors in explaining the decline in the amount of inequality within-family over the past 50 years?

Women have increased the amount of income they earn and men have had no real wage increases.

Families are becoming more diverse. A 2010 poll asked people if they thought the growing diversity of family arrangements was "a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you think it makes a difference?" What do you think are the characteristics of those most likely to think this increased diversity is a bad thing?

age 55+, attend church at least once per week, Republican

The singular ideal position referred to in the textbook promotes __________.

conformity

The historical change from a society with low life expectancy and high birth rates to one with high life expectancy and low birth rates is referred to as Question options:

demographic transition.

Unlike the singular ideal perspective, the liberal perspective

favors a hands-off approach that does not interfere with family decisions of other people

The term defamilialization refers to?

policies providing support to people, which in turn allow them to be free from family dependency.