Soc final

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Which of the following is a function of deviance noted by Emily Durkheim

• deviance affirms cultural values and norm-cannot have good without evil • responding to deviance can bring people together-Ex: after 9/11 • deviance encourages social change- Rock 'n' roll once considered deviant

Which of the following statements regarding social mobility in the United States is true

• for many workers earning has stalled • more people are working two jobs • more of today's jobs offer Pay

Which of the following statements does describe a distinctive characteristics of a total institution

• inmates have standardize clothing and food to break down the individual • every moment is structured and formalized • staff members supervise and control all spheres of daily life

Caste ststm

• requires that people marry within their own caste • Assign people to certain types of work • discourage social contract between people of different castes

Bureaucracy Is a type of social organization characterized by...

• specialized jobs • offices arranged in a hierarchy • lots of rules and regulations

Based in part of Harlow study regarding social isolation

•contact with parents and at risk babies has increased •birthing rooms for entire families are common in many hospitals •some hospitals hire "huggers" to hold preemies

What are some of the impact caused by technology

•lower birth rates •ascertain guilt or innocence through DNA • genetic coding

What are the following are considered a function of humor

•means of mental escape •acts as a safety valve to relieve stress and tension •can provide an acceptable way to discuss a sensitive topic

Status can be defined as

•position •part of our social identity •defines our relationship to others

One reason to oppose letting prostitution be a matter of personal choice involving two adults is that

•prostitution subjects many women to outright violence •prostitution plays a part in spreading sexually transmitted diseases •many poor women become trapped in a life of selling sex

A major advantage of using existing data is

•saving money •saving time •the quality of the data may be better than what you can collect on your own

Which of the following factors affect social class standing in the US

•the family we are born into •our race •our gender

Which of the following illustrates the "medicalization of defiance?"

•theft being redefined as a "compulsive disorder" •drinking too much being redefined as "alcoholism" •promiscuity being redefined as a "sexual addiction"

To study the effects of fast food on lifestyle, health, and culture from which group would a researcher ethically be unable to except funding

A fast food restaurant

The concept "absolute poverty" refers to:

A lack of resources that is life-threatening

When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, walking The walk and talking the talk, they are...

Anticipatory socialization

I hate crime is defined as

Any criminal activity motivated by racial or other bias

Sociologist define a simple as

Anything that carries meaning to people who share a culture

You would be expressing a "stereotype" if you:

Apply a simplified description to every person in some category

John Jones is a teenager and a son. The social positions are best described as

Ascribed status

John Jones is a teenager and a son. these social positions are described as

Ascribed statuses

What are the four types of social control

Attachment, belief, commitment, involvement

While prejudice is a matter of____, discrimination is a matter of____

Attitude; action

The class system is...

Based on birth an individual achievement

What are some of the reasons you should be concerned with the incredibly large an awesome group defined as baby boomers

Because I said so

Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that...

Bias is built into the operation of social institutions

I'd someone commits embezzlement, what type of crime is this?

Corporate

Subculture refers to

Cultural patterns that set off a part of a societies population

Subculture refers to

Cultural patterns that set off a part of societies population

What is the term for the beliefs, values, behaviors and material objects that, together, constitute a people's way of life

Culture

Experiencing discomfort and fear when confronted with a strange way of life or culture is called

Culture shock

The concept of "global economy" refers to

Economic activity that moves across national borders

A person who criticizes the Amish farmer as being "backwards" for telling his field with horses and a plow instead of using a tractor is displaying

Ethnocentrism

The most influential agent in socialization is the

Family

The gender-conflict approach can best be described as

Focusing on the inequality and conflict between men and women

____Or rules about every day, casual living; ____ are Rules with a great moral significance

Folkways; mores

To evaluate a theory using evidence, sociologist

Gather data or facts

The sociological perspective involves seeing____patterns in the behavior of____people

General; particular

The weight of evidence indicates that sexual orientation is due mostly to

Human biology, although society play some role

Cultural change is a set in motion and three general ways they are...

Invention, discovery, and diffusion

As bureaucracy in computer technology has spread throughout the US society, privacy

Is threatened as never before

The concept "retrospective labeling" refers to

Labeling someone's pass based on their present deviance

The idea that deviance and conformity resort not only from what people do but from how others respond to those actions is defined as:

Labeling theory

Which type of leader tends to downplay their position and power, allowing the group to function more or less on its own

Laissez-faire

The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as

Manifest functions

Any category of people distinguished by physical or cultural differences that a society sets apart and subordinates is called a

Minority

Cooley used the term "looking glass self" to refer to

People see themselves as they think others see them

Stanley Milgram's research in which subject used a "shock generator" showed that:

People were surprisingly likely to follow orders of not only "legitimate" Authority figures, but also individuals- even if it brought "harm" to others

Cultural patterns that are widespread ammonia societies population are referred

Popular culture

Which is are theoretical approach to culture

Post-industrial information

In a pluralist political system

Power is widely dispersed throughout society

Capitalism is defined as

Private ownership of business for profit to individual

Social stratification is a concept that refers to

Ranking categories in a hierarchy

Which of the following concepts refers to a social group that people use as a point of reference and making evaluations or decisions

Reference group

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

Refers to a violation of norms enacted into law

Which of the following concepts refers to the process by which people disengage from important social roles

Role exit

Are political, economic, medical, and education system can be described as

Social institutions

Which of the following concepts refers to the lifelong social experience by which human beings develop their potential and learn culture

Socialization

Cultural lag can best be defined as

Some parts of cultural system change faster than others due to technology

Role strain can best be described as

Stress that occurs when to much is required of a single role

You're interested in collecting in-depth information about how people develop their political views. The research method you should use is

Survey research using interviews

A national flag is considered a

Symbol

According to Irving Janis, "groupthink" is defined as:

Tendency of group members to conform to a narrow view of some issue

The structural-functional approach is concerned with

The consequences of social patterns for the operation of society

What are the following is the most important "primary group"

The family

What does the sociological perspective show us about our choice of mate

The operation of society and its rules, guide many of our personal choices

Solomon Asch's Research, in which subjects were asked to match lines, showed:

The power of group members to generate conformity

Deviance is defined as...

The recognize violation of cultural norms

"Personal space" refers to

The surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy

Is superious Correlation can be

Two variables change together but neither one can cause the other

Prostitution is widely regarded as one example of a

Victimless crime

Max Weber claimed that social position was based on a persons...

Wealth, power, and prestige

What is the term for crime committed by persons of high school position in the course of doing their job

White-collar crime

Race refers to ______ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to __________

biological traits; cultural traits

A maximum-security prison is one example of a

coercive organization

What term refers to an invisible, yet real, barrier that prevents many women from rising beyond middle-management positions

glass ceiling

A social-conflict approach to sports would be an analysis of

how sports reflect social inequality

According to the social-conflict approach, what a society labels as deviant is based mostly on

patterns of inequality and who has more power

The postindustrial economy is defined by

service work and computer technology

The basic idea of the symbolic-interaction approach is that society is

the reality people construct as they interact with one another


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