Soc final
Which of the following is a function of deviance noted by Emily Durkheim
• deviance affirms cultural values and norm-cannot have good without evil • responding to deviance can bring people together-Ex: after 9/11 • deviance encourages social change- Rock 'n' roll once considered deviant
Which of the following statements regarding social mobility in the United States is true
• for many workers earning has stalled • more people are working two jobs • more of today's jobs offer Pay
Which of the following statements does describe a distinctive characteristics of a total institution
• inmates have standardize clothing and food to break down the individual • every moment is structured and formalized • staff members supervise and control all spheres of daily life
Caste ststm
• requires that people marry within their own caste • Assign people to certain types of work • discourage social contract between people of different castes
Bureaucracy Is a type of social organization characterized by...
• specialized jobs • offices arranged in a hierarchy • lots of rules and regulations
Based in part of Harlow study regarding social isolation
•contact with parents and at risk babies has increased •birthing rooms for entire families are common in many hospitals •some hospitals hire "huggers" to hold preemies
What are some of the impact caused by technology
•lower birth rates •ascertain guilt or innocence through DNA • genetic coding
What are the following are considered a function of humor
•means of mental escape •acts as a safety valve to relieve stress and tension •can provide an acceptable way to discuss a sensitive topic
Status can be defined as
•position •part of our social identity •defines our relationship to others
One reason to oppose letting prostitution be a matter of personal choice involving two adults is that
•prostitution subjects many women to outright violence •prostitution plays a part in spreading sexually transmitted diseases •many poor women become trapped in a life of selling sex
A major advantage of using existing data is
•saving money •saving time •the quality of the data may be better than what you can collect on your own
Which of the following factors affect social class standing in the US
•the family we are born into •our race •our gender
Which of the following illustrates the "medicalization of defiance?"
•theft being redefined as a "compulsive disorder" •drinking too much being redefined as "alcoholism" •promiscuity being redefined as a "sexual addiction"
To study the effects of fast food on lifestyle, health, and culture from which group would a researcher ethically be unable to except funding
A fast food restaurant
The concept "absolute poverty" refers to:
A lack of resources that is life-threatening
When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, walking The walk and talking the talk, they are...
Anticipatory socialization
I hate crime is defined as
Any criminal activity motivated by racial or other bias
Sociologist define a simple as
Anything that carries meaning to people who share a culture
You would be expressing a "stereotype" if you:
Apply a simplified description to every person in some category
John Jones is a teenager and a son. The social positions are best described as
Ascribed status
John Jones is a teenager and a son. these social positions are described as
Ascribed statuses
What are the four types of social control
Attachment, belief, commitment, involvement
While prejudice is a matter of____, discrimination is a matter of____
Attitude; action
The class system is...
Based on birth an individual achievement
What are some of the reasons you should be concerned with the incredibly large an awesome group defined as baby boomers
Because I said so
Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that...
Bias is built into the operation of social institutions
I'd someone commits embezzlement, what type of crime is this?
Corporate
Subculture refers to
Cultural patterns that set off a part of a societies population
Subculture refers to
Cultural patterns that set off a part of societies population
What is the term for the beliefs, values, behaviors and material objects that, together, constitute a people's way of life
Culture
Experiencing discomfort and fear when confronted with a strange way of life or culture is called
Culture shock
The concept of "global economy" refers to
Economic activity that moves across national borders
A person who criticizes the Amish farmer as being "backwards" for telling his field with horses and a plow instead of using a tractor is displaying
Ethnocentrism
The most influential agent in socialization is the
Family
The gender-conflict approach can best be described as
Focusing on the inequality and conflict between men and women
____Or rules about every day, casual living; ____ are Rules with a great moral significance
Folkways; mores
To evaluate a theory using evidence, sociologist
Gather data or facts
The sociological perspective involves seeing____patterns in the behavior of____people
General; particular
The weight of evidence indicates that sexual orientation is due mostly to
Human biology, although society play some role
Cultural change is a set in motion and three general ways they are...
Invention, discovery, and diffusion
As bureaucracy in computer technology has spread throughout the US society, privacy
Is threatened as never before
The concept "retrospective labeling" refers to
Labeling someone's pass based on their present deviance
The idea that deviance and conformity resort not only from what people do but from how others respond to those actions is defined as:
Labeling theory
Which type of leader tends to downplay their position and power, allowing the group to function more or less on its own
Laissez-faire
The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as
Manifest functions
Any category of people distinguished by physical or cultural differences that a society sets apart and subordinates is called a
Minority
Cooley used the term "looking glass self" to refer to
People see themselves as they think others see them
Stanley Milgram's research in which subject used a "shock generator" showed that:
People were surprisingly likely to follow orders of not only "legitimate" Authority figures, but also individuals- even if it brought "harm" to others
Cultural patterns that are widespread ammonia societies population are referred
Popular culture
Which is are theoretical approach to culture
Post-industrial information
In a pluralist political system
Power is widely dispersed throughout society
Capitalism is defined as
Private ownership of business for profit to individual
Social stratification is a concept that refers to
Ranking categories in a hierarchy
Which of the following concepts refers to a social group that people use as a point of reference and making evaluations or decisions
Reference group
"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime
Refers to a violation of norms enacted into law
Which of the following concepts refers to the process by which people disengage from important social roles
Role exit
Are political, economic, medical, and education system can be described as
Social institutions
Which of the following concepts refers to the lifelong social experience by which human beings develop their potential and learn culture
Socialization
Cultural lag can best be defined as
Some parts of cultural system change faster than others due to technology
Role strain can best be described as
Stress that occurs when to much is required of a single role
You're interested in collecting in-depth information about how people develop their political views. The research method you should use is
Survey research using interviews
A national flag is considered a
Symbol
According to Irving Janis, "groupthink" is defined as:
Tendency of group members to conform to a narrow view of some issue
The structural-functional approach is concerned with
The consequences of social patterns for the operation of society
What are the following is the most important "primary group"
The family
What does the sociological perspective show us about our choice of mate
The operation of society and its rules, guide many of our personal choices
Solomon Asch's Research, in which subjects were asked to match lines, showed:
The power of group members to generate conformity
Deviance is defined as...
The recognize violation of cultural norms
"Personal space" refers to
The surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim to privacy
Is superious Correlation can be
Two variables change together but neither one can cause the other
Prostitution is widely regarded as one example of a
Victimless crime
Max Weber claimed that social position was based on a persons...
Wealth, power, and prestige
What is the term for crime committed by persons of high school position in the course of doing their job
White-collar crime
Race refers to ______ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to __________
biological traits; cultural traits
A maximum-security prison is one example of a
coercive organization
What term refers to an invisible, yet real, barrier that prevents many women from rising beyond middle-management positions
glass ceiling
A social-conflict approach to sports would be an analysis of
how sports reflect social inequality
According to the social-conflict approach, what a society labels as deviant is based mostly on
patterns of inequality and who has more power
The postindustrial economy is defined by
service work and computer technology
The basic idea of the symbolic-interaction approach is that society is
the reality people construct as they interact with one another