soc2301 test 2

Dr. Gerard, a social theorist, believes that love is responsible for the survival of the human species. However, Dr. Blake, a historian, disagrees. He finds that love is dysfunctional and creates rifts and conflict in society. Which of the following true statements would weaken Dr. Blake's argument?

Research shows that love creates an interest in people to care for their offspring and feel responsible for them.

Why is arranged marriage the norm in many countries across the world?

Respect for parents' wishes and family traditions are more important than the individual's feelings.

Which of the following traits is common to homosexual men and heterosexual women?

Both are sexually attracted to men.

__________ refers to marrying up to a higher social class.

Hypergamy

__________ singles are primarily older, divorced, widowed, and never-married people who would like to marry or remarry but haven't found a suitable mate and now accept their single status as permanent. This group also includes singles who suffer from some physical or psychological impairment that limits their success in the marriage market.

Involuntary stable

When parents are effective sex educators, there are a number of outcomes for children. Which of the following is a consequence of effective sex education?

It delays first-time sexual intercourse.

Which of the following is a criticism of the attachment theory?

It does not address cross-cultural differences in child-rearing practices.

Getting together involves little anxiety about preparing for a formal date or initiating or rejecting sexual advances. Which of the following is a reason behind this?

It involves spontaneous activities.

Which of the following best describes dating violence?

It is most common among youth who had poor relationships with their parents.

From a historical perspective, which of the following best describes the current tendency to delay marriage until the late 20s?

It is the norm, especially for men.

Which of the following nations has one of the highest divorce rates in the world?

Japan

Which of the following is true of second-generation Asian Americans?

Japanese Americans are less likely to face a marriage squeeze.

Based on the variations he found in different cultures, Hupka concluded that jealousy is neither universal nor innate. Which of the following is a true statement that supports Hupka's findings?

Jealousy is more common in societies in which women are regarded as property.

Discriminatory policies toward same-sex couples in the United States most negatively impact which of the following groups?

Latinos and African Americans

Why was romantic love less common in the United States in the 1800s than it is today?

Life expectancy was shorter in the 1800s compared to what it is today.

Mark and Lily, an unmarried couple, live with Lily's son from a previous relationship. Mark possesses a large life insurance policy under his own name. Which of the following is likely to happen if Mark dies unexpectedly, without leaving a will?

Lily cannot claim the insurance money as they are not legally married.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about marital sex?

Marital sexual frequency can decrease because of nonsexual problems.

Which of the following is a reason why masturbation is more common among men than women?

Men are freed from the emotional connections that many women seek.

Which of the following is true of the difference between men and women with regard to postponing marriage?

Men's median age at first marriage is higher than that of women.

According to the biological perspective, which of the following is a reason why lovers may feel "high" or as if they are being swept away?

Norepinephrine produces sleeplessness, elation, and euphoria.

Peers are among the most common sources of information about sex. Which of the following statements supports this claim?

Peers are likely to be more open than parents about discussing sex.

Which of the following is a benefit of remaining single in later life?

People do not have to worry about widowhood or divorce.

Research indicates that people with good impression management skills are less likely to engage in intimate communication. Which of the following, if true, is likely to support this finding?

People who are good at monitoring their behavior usually mask their true feelings to avoid conflict.

Which of the following is an important side effect of self-love?

People who like themselves are more open to criticism and less demanding of others.

People aged 45 and older are the fastest-growing group of online dating service users, and those aged 55 and older are visiting online dating sites more than any other age group. Which of the following is a reason behind this?

The youngest baby boomers, who turned 65 in 2011, are looking for new mates.

In which of the following U.S. states is the practice of child marriages the highest?

West Virginia

Padmaja, age 22, works in Mumbai. Her parents have been in the process of negotiations for Padmaja to marry a young man from a similar background as Padmaja. This is an example of a(n) __________.

arranged marriage

Patrick lacks any interest in or desire for sex. Patrick can be categorized as a(n) __________

asexual

Which of the following is the reason why never-married single mothers are likely to remain single?

inability to find a suitable husband

Voluntary stable singles differ from voluntary temporary singles in that voluntary stable singles __________.

include single parents—both never married and divorced—who are not seeking mates

Ken and Carla, an unmarried couple, have been living together for the past 3 years. They have made numerous decisions together such as splitting their finances, getting a dog, and buying furniture. Eventually, without making a conscious decision or commitment, the couple slide into marriage. In this scenario, the couple experiences the __________.

inertia effect

Marie, a 30-year-old widow, decided that she would remarry if she found her "soul mate." Despite dating several men, she still is unable to find a suitable mate. In this scenario, Marie is considered to be a(n) __________.

involuntary temporary single

Masturbation __________

is the most common of all sex acts

Adrian and Jena study at the university together and have been dating for a year. Adrian began dating Jena because he wanted to have a serious and caring relationship. Which of the following functions of dating does this scenario represent?

love and affection

Diana often dates several men at a time and enjoys casual dating. She likes to keep her relationships simple and casual because she believes that serious relationships only complicate matters. According to sociologist John Lee, Diana exhibits the __________ style of love.

ludic

Critics of attachment theory state that it __________

neglects the importance of events such as divorce and disease in shaping a child's well-being

Which of the following transmits HIV?

oral sex

A majority of same-sex couples report having __________ power in their relationship.

perfectly equal

In Latino communities, the rite of passage that celebrates a girl's entrance into adulthood is called the __________.

quinceañera

Sefa does not always agree with the choices her friend Rachel makes, but she always honors her decisions. Sefa is demonstrating which of the following qualities of friendship?

respect

Jacob and Amy have been dating for more than a year. Recently, Jacob found out that Amy cheated on him. Feeling betrayed and hurt, he engages in a physical relationship with Marie in order to get back at Amy. Jacob having sex with Marie can be attributed to __________ reasons.

revenge

During a debate about marriage, Bryan is of the opinion that African American women are less likely to marry than their white counterparts. However, Peter argues otherwise and states that marriage rates among African Americans are high. Which of the following is an accurate statement that strengthens Bryan's argument?

A large percentage of African American women feel that there is a shortage of marriageable African American men.

During a debate about dating, Walter states that dating is less complicated among adults than teenagers. However, Juan disagrees and argues that dating is likely to be more complicated among adults. Which of the following true statements supports Juan's view?

Adults who have been recently divorced are likely to be bitter toward the opposite sex.

Which of the following is a difference between oral and anal sex?

Anal sex involves manual stimulation whereas oral sex does not.

__________ refers to a living arrangement in which two unrelated people, who aren't married, live together and are in a sexual relationship.

Cohabitation

During a debate about cohabitation, Corey states that cohabitation is likely to affect children adversely. However, Karl states that cohabitation has certain positive effects on children. Which of the following is an accurate statement that strengthens Karl's argument?

Even at lower economic levels, children are likely to benefit financially from having two income earning adults in the home rather than living with single mothers.

Roger is a middle-aged man who lives with his family in the suburbs. Which of the following would indicate that Roger measures high on religiosity?

Roger regularly attends religious services.

Which of the following is a difference between the biological and sociological perspectives of love?

Sociological perspectives maintain that love is grounded in culture whereas biological perspectives do not.

__________ refers to a pattern of threatening tactics used by a perpetrator that are unwanted and create fear or emotional distress in the victim.

Stalking

Dr. Calvillo, a sociologist, believes that love improves the well-being of people in a society. She finds that relationships based on love create stable, happy societies. Which of the following statements, if true, is most likely to strengthen Dr. Calvillo's argument?

Studies show that individuals not involved in any kind of romantic relationship are at a greater risk of using drugs.

Which of the following is true of sexual fantasies?

They can boost people's self-image.

Which of the following is a negative effect of male sexual scripts?

They expect males to be sexually aggressive.

Which of the following is true of personal classified advertisements?

They first appeared in newspapers in the early 1700s.

Which of the following is true of sexual scripts?

They increase women's hypersexualization.

Which of the following is an example of the pragmatic style of love?

Though Stella and Tom have been facing marital problems, Stella plans to divorce Tom only once she finds a job for herself.

Charlie believes that women are less likely to be affected by breakups when compared to men. However, James states that both men and women are equally affected by breakups. Which of the following true statements weakens Charlie's argument?

Women are depressed after a breakup because many women's self-worth is tied to having a boyfriend.

Which of the following is an indicator of the persistence of the sexual double standard?

Women undergo vaginal surgery so that their partners can experience sex with a virgin.

Joseph holds traditional attitudes about gender roles and believes that men have the right to pressure women into sex. He argues that rape is not possible in a romantic relationship, as men have the right to have sex with women they are dating. In addition to holding traditional attitudes about gender roles, what other factor contributes to Joseph's high risk for dating violence and rape in this scenario?

an attitude condoning violence

The required payment by the groom's family to the bride's family is called __________.

bride price

Edward's mother met with an accident and was hospitalized. To take care of her, her partner Jim took 2 weeks of leave from work and helped her recover. Which of the following components of love does this scenario demonstrate?

caring

Jim found out that his fiance will be unable to bear children as a result of a childhood accident. Despite his family being unsupportive of the relationship, he decides to marry her and prove his loyalty. In this scenario, which of the following components of love is Jim exhibiting?

commitment

A key similarity between romantic and long-term love is that both involve

communication and friendship

Kevin and Michael share a relationship in which both have high levels of intimacy, passion, and commitment in their relationship. According to Sternberg's Triangular Theory, Kevin and Michael are in "__________."

consummate love

Eva began to go through puberty at age 8 and by age 12, looked older than her age. Eva has sex early, because she isn't sure how to deal with sexual advances from an older boy at school. This is an example of what type of reason for first time sex?

developmental

Oral stimulation of a man's penis is called __________

fellatio

Janet and her friends are planning to meet at a classmate's birthday party over the weekend. If the party does not turn out to be a fun event, they plan to go over to Janet's place and have a party there. Everyone in the group will pool in their money to buy alcohol and food. This scenario is an example of __________.

getting together

Melissa and her friends often meet at the mall during weekends. They text each other and set up a time to meet. Once they meet at the mall, they decide what they want to do. This is an example of __________.

hanging out

Pierre, age 35, is sexually attracted to women but not men. He is a __________

heterosexual

James, a middle-aged man, found his bride through an online international service. The website posted photographs and descriptions of prospective brides. James had to choose a wife and pay a fee to the website for selecting her. This scenario is an example of the __________ industry.

mail-order bride

Which of the following is a narcissistic trait?

manipulativeness

Sexual self-pleasuring that involves some form of direct physical stimulation is called __________

masturbation

According to the social scientists, __________ is an important basis for self-esteem

self-love

Sharing needles can pass on HIV, but the most common infections are through

sexual activity

The sexual drive that makes us receptive to sexual activity is called __________

sexual desire

Fathers-to-be who provide the mothers with emotional support and participate in doctors' visits are said to have greater __________ capital.

social

Which of the following is a latent function of dating?

social status

Eugene signed up for an event at a local restaurant that required him to meet several women within a short time span. During the event, he was allowed to meet and speak to each woman for a maximum of three minutes before he needed to move on to talk to the next woman. In this scenario, Eugene was engaging in __________.

speed dating

In __________, singles attend an event where they engage in brief face-to-face interactions with several potential romantic partners.

speed dating

Which of the following is a dating trend in which couples spend three or more nights a week together but maintain separate homes?

stayover

Though Kelly and Brook are engaged, they have decided to have sex only after they get married. Their relationship is stable and does not have any ecstatic highs or great lows. According to John Lee, Kelly and Brook are exhibiting the __________ style of love.

storgic

Leon and Maria have been married for 5 years. Due to an economic recession, Leon has lost his job and is unable to support the family. Lately, they have been having regular arguments about Leon's unemployment. Which of the following describes the reasons for their arguments?

structural reasons

A __________ is a long-term commitment between two people who don't plan to marry.

substitute marriage

Shaun and Stacey, a couple, live together but are unmarried. They do not believe that a legal ceremony is relevant to their commitment to each other and view their nonmarital cohabitation as equivalent to a common-law marriage. This scenario is an example of a __________.

substitute marriage

Which of the following is a macro-level factor that affects our decision to marry?

technological advances in contraceptive techniques

A disadvantage of speed dating is that it __________.

tends to rate potential daters lower on substantive traits and more on superficial criteria

In what era was the average age of marriage the lowest in U.S. history?

the fifties

For adolescents, getting together is less emotionally threatening because __________.

the participants don't have to worry about finding a date

A common reason for getting married is companionship. How has the need for companionship decreased as a reason for marriage, especially in cities?

the reliance on peers and urban clusters for company and support

Extramarital sex is considered more damaging than infidelity among people who are living together because __________

those who engage in extramarital sex break a civil contract

Pablo, age 33, likes dressing up as a woman for fun and as part of his job. However, he does not consider himself a woman. In this scenario, Pablo can be classified as a(n) __________

transvestite

In which type of cohabitation do partners live together to see what marriage might be like?

trial marriage cohabitation

Anthony and Yoshiko have been dating each other over the past year. Over the year, their relationship has strengthened and Yoshiko often confides in Anthony about her fears and insecurities. She trusts Anthony with her innermost thoughts and knows that he will not judge her. In this scenario, Yoshiko and Anthony's relationship reflects __________ intimacy.

verbal

Which of the following is an example of an individual or micro-level reason for being single?

waiting for a soul mate

Which of these is an example of an individual reason why Americans might choose to live alone?

waiting for a soulmate