SOCI final
As of 2008, how many adults in the United States are in jail or prison? a) 1 in 1000 b) 1 in 10 c) 1 in 100 d) 1 in 500
1 in 100
With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State's wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people? a) 1/16 b) 1/8 c) 1/3 d) 1/4
1/3
Which of the following is NOT a basis to assign the sex of male? Question options: Testes Hair on the chest XX chromosomes Aggressiveness
Aggressiveness
Officials from which of the following groups are among the Power Elite? Law Enforcement Media Religion Education Business
Business
Cultural deviance theory
Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay
The Kurds are a people group with no homeland. They often are the victims of intimidation and violence which has resulted in their impoverished status as a group. A sociologist studying the Kurds would likely approach his conclusions from the ____________ theoretical perspective. a) Structural functionalist b) Symbolic interactionist c) Feminist d) Conflict
Conflict
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was created by: a) Third world countries b) Asian and American countries c) Core nation countries d) Middle-income countries
Core nation countries
Bernie Madoff, recently sentenced to 150 years in prison for creating a Ponzi scheme which caused clients to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime? a) Corporate crime b) Violent crime c) Street crime d) Institutional crime
Corporate crime
Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience? Labeling Theory Differential Association Theory Merton's Strain Theory Social Disorganization Theory
Differential Association Theory
Segregation, expulsion, and genocide are examples of which of the following? Question options: Sexism Stereotype Discrimination Social Construct Racism
Discrimination
Differential Association
Edwin Sutherland
Deviance is always considered a crime? a) True b) False
F
Which of the following is NOT a basis of ethnicity? Question options: Geographical regional origin Culture Art Hair texture
Hair texture
What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility? a) How many jobs you work. b) How well off your parents are. c) How much you spend on your personal appearance. d) How much education you have.
How much education you have.
Which group in any society holds the most power? Question options: Black Rich Minority Men Majority White
Majority`
Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was: a) Insignificant; deviance within society is largely ignored. b) Instrumental; it encouraged the population to rebel. c) Necessary; it challenged people's views. d) Dangerous; it encouraged disruptive behavior.
Necessary; it challenged people's views.
Which of the following is NOT a basis to assign the sex of female? Question options: Ovaries XY chromosomes Nurturing personality Large breasts
Nurturing personality
Strain theory
Robert Merton
Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today? a) The Fall of the British Empire b) The French Revolution c) The Industrial Revolution d) World War I
The Industrial Revolution
Control theory
Travis Hirschi
Which of the following is NOT one of the strata in the Gilbert-Kahl Model of the American Class System? Upper Class Middle Class Working Poor Working Class Underclass
Upper Class
Which of the following is a strata in the Gilbert-Kahl Model of the American Class System? Working Class Bourgeoisie Class Upper class Underclass
Working Class
Which of the following is a strata in the Gilbert-Kahl Model of the American Class System? Proletariat Class Upper Class Median Class Lower Class Working Poor
Working Poor
Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living? a) Income b) Employment c) Class d) All of the above
all
Which group within the United States has been stereotyped as the model minority? Question options: a) The Hispanic American community b) The African American community c) The Arab American community d) The Asian American community
asian
A way of being and the behavioral characteristics defined by society and culture as either masculine or feminine is referred to as which of the following? Question options: Sex Gender Identity Gender Ethnicity Race
gender
Which of the following is an example of an informal social sanction? expulsion detention gossip school awards
gossip
The state of not being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities is referred to as which of the following? Question options: Inequality Intersectionality Discrimination Prejudice Racism Institutional Discrimination
inequality
Provides temporary confinement, usually while an individual awaits trial or for those whose sentences are less than a year. Jail Prison House Arrest Penitentiary Safe House
jail
Discrimination based on race is referred to as which of the following? Question options: Individual discrimination Prejudice Social constructionism Institutional discrimination Racism
racism
How many pillars are essential to the Islamic faith? a) 5 b) 4 c) 6 d) 3
5
The term crime can be defined as: a) A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions. b) A sequence of events leading to incarceration. c) An unintended consequence of necessary action. d) A harmful action directed at the authorities.
A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.
Mohit spent his days combing through garbage in Mumbai, India with his brothers and sisters. Sometimes he would find food, or something to sell for money. He never tried to overcome his lower-class status because he had seen his friends try and fail. So, he accepted his fate, and tried to live life as best he could in a closed society. Mohit is an example of someone living under: a) A dictatorship b) A meritocracy c) An oligarchy d) A caste system
A caste system
Which of the following is NOT a product of gender stereotyping? Question options: a) A music store employee encouraging a young woman to study the piano or flute instead of the drums or guitar. b) Keisha's mom encouraging her to take home economics over shop class so she can please her future husband. c) A teacher discouraging a female student from entering the military, suggesting nursing school instead. d) A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter's eighth birthday.
A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter's eighth birthday.
Which continent has the greatest number of impoverished nations in the world? a) North America b) Asia c) Africa d) South America
Africa
Parents in which of the following class positions are more likely to make gendered value distinctions? Working Class None of these All of these Middle Class
Working Class
Which theorist studied the power elite, and the influence they had over society? a) Carl Sagan b) Karl Marx c) Émile Durkheim d) Wright Mills
Wright Mills
What has been the main factor that has aided the financial situations of many countries in Latin America? a) Borrowing money from countries like China and the United States b) A greater emphasis on educating young people c) Taking legal steps to prevent drug trafficking and guerilla warfare d) Allowing residents to engage in the underground economy
A greater emphasis on educating young people
What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime? a) A hate crime is punishable in a court of law; a violent crime is not. b) A violent crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. c) A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. d) A violent crime is punishable in a court of law; a hate crime is not.
A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.
What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime? a) A hate crime is punishable in a court of law; a violent crime is not. b) A violent crime is punishable in a court of law; a hate crime is not. c) A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. d) A violent crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.
A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.
The term sexuality is defined by the text as: Question options: a) An individual's sense of being either masculine or feminine. b) The repressed sexual inclinations of society as a whole. c) A person's capacity for sexual feelings. d) An individual's biological gender.
A person's capacity for sexual feelings.
The concept hidden curriculum can be defined as: a) The unexpected subjects students take an interest in after being exposed to experts in the field. b) The course objectives teachers incorporate into their syllabi after the semester has started. c) The emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications. d) A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission.
A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission.
The term deviance can be defined as: a) A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law. b) The regulation and enforcement of norms. c) Social reward for the violation of norms. d) The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring.
A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.
The term deviance can be defined as: a) The regulation and enforcement of norms. b) Social reward for the violation of norms. c) A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law. d) The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring.
A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.
Strain theory: a) Argues that morality is based on wealth. b) Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals. c) States individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them who provide models of and opportunities for deviance. d) Asserts that motivation and personal responsibility are the key factors in living a healthy lifestyle.
Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals.
Which is true? couple who are cohabitating are less likely than those who are married to experience domestic violence. African-Americans are more likely to experience domestic violence than other races most events of domestic violence occur outside of the home, such as a bar or other public place.
African-Americans are more likely to experience domestic violence than other races
Happiness is parental value associated with which of the following class positions? All of these - all parents want their children to be happy Upper Classes Lower Classes None of these Middle Classes
All
Which of the following is NOT recognized as violence against women? Question options: Infanticide All of these are violence against women Female genital mutilation Sexual harassment None of these are violence against women
All
Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction? a) Mario being sent to jail after robbing a CVS. b) Meredith receiving compliments on her hair after visiting the salon. c) Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine. d) Eleanor being given a "Teacher of the Year" award for her work as a high school English teacher.
Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.
Racism requires which of the following? Question options: Both prejudice and discrimination White people Institutional discrimination Discrimination Prejudice All of theses
Both prejudice and discrimination
According to this theory upper-class define what is a crime and what is not a crime. The upper-class are able to stay out of prison because they have money and social influence. Differential Association Conflict Theory Cultural Deviance Theory Labeling Theory Cultural Deviance Theory
Conflict Theory
This theory may explain why wealthy and powerful politicians may commit crimes without being punished. Differential Association Social Control Theory Labeling Theory Conflict Theory Strain Theory
Conflict Theory
Which sociological perspective asserts that the richest, most powerful members of society decide who is and who is not considered deviant? Conflict Theory Symbolic Interactionism Functionalism
Conflict Theory
Which is true: Crime, especially violent crime, has been decreasing since the 1990s The National Crime Victimization Report (NCVR) is collected by the FBI. The general public believe that crime has been decreasing over the last several years. Crime, especially violent crime, has been increasing since the 1990s
Crime, especially violent crime, has been decreasing since the 1990s
Churches remain generally racially segregated. This form of segregation is referred to as which of the following? Question options: De facto segregation Stereotypes Prejudice Intersectionality De jure segregation
De facto segregation
Which of the following is not true about deviance? Ideas of deviance can change from one social context (group) to another. Definitions of what is type of acts are deviant can change over time. Deviance can only affect society in negative ways. It is easy to identify deviant behavior.
Deviance can only affect society in negative ways.
Which of the following is not true about deviance? It is easy to identify deviant behavior. Ideas of deviance can change from one social context (group) to another. Definitions of what is type of acts are deviant can change over time. Deviance can only affect society in negative ways.
Deviance can only affect society in negative ways.
Individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them who provide models of and opportunities. This sociological theory is concerned with how crime is learned in small social groups. Conflict Theory Labeling Theory Strain Theory Differential Association Social Control Theory
Differential Association
Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience? a) Strain theory b) Differential association theory c) Labeling theory d) Opaque theory
Differential association theory
In 2008 the United States, as well as the rest of the world, felt the effects of the recession. After the collapse of the housing market, people lost their jobs and they quit spending money. Many people could not afford their mortgages anymore and their homes went into foreclosure. For many people, it was a time of __________. a) Horizontal mobility b) Social inconsistency c) Social stratification d) Downward mobility
Downward mobility
In 2010, what did controversial Senate Bill 1070 propose, causing a series of protests and legal battles? Question options: a) After being detained by New Mexico police, immigrants are given no rights by the authorities and may be held for weeks without being officially charged. b) During a lawful stop, detention, or arrest, Arizona police officers may establish the immigration status of anyone they suspect may be here illegally. c) If suspected of illegal activity, Nevada police may search the home of any immigrant, or child of an immigrant, without a warrant. d) After being charged with a crime, Wisconsin courts can order legal immigrants back to their countries of origin.
During a lawful stop, detention, or arrest, Arizona police officers may establish the immigration status of anyone they suspect may be here illegally.
Which Sociologist is most likely to argue that religion is important because it adds meaning to people's lives and provides answers to difficult questions. a) Mills b) Weber c) Durkheim d) Goffman
Durkheim
It was time for Oli to marry. He had finished school and was starting a job. His parents chose a bride for him whose parents had the same amount of wealth and belonged to the same class as they did. Oli and his bride will have a(n) _________ marriage. a) Exogamus b) Traditional c) Endogamus d) Unconventional
Endogamus
Cate is the daughter of a Senator and the former CEO of a Fortune 500 company. Harry grew up on a farm, tilling the land for a living. They are planning a June wedding. They will have a(n)___________ marriage. a) Exogamous b) Unconventional c) Traditional d) Endogamus
Exogamous
An example of slavery, according to Anti-Slavery International, is: a) Children attending school b) Factories using child labor c) Factories employing adults at salary level d) Children playing with friends
Factories using child labor
If you consider the University of Virginia's National Marriage Project, what can be concluded from their study? a) Love is an important foundation for a successful marriage. b) Finances are an important foundation for a successful marriage. c) Children are an important foundation for a successful marriage. d) Counseling is an important foundation for a successful marriage.
Finances are an important foundation for a successful marriage.
Deviance is a key component of a society. Deviance can make people change their views, and also reaffirms the norms and rules of society. Conflict Theory Symbolic Interactionism Functionalism
Functionalism
Which of the following does NOT account for the differences in the educational system from country to country? a) Financial resources from the government and population b) Value placed on education c) Geographic distribution of male and female students d) Amount of time devoted to education
Geographic distribution of male and female students
Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation? a) Gross National Income b) Gross Domestic Product c) Purchasing Power Parity d) Organization for Economic and Cooperative Development data
Gross National Income
According Merton's Strain Theory of Crime, someone who robs and steals for money would be a: Innovator Rebel Conformist Retreatist
Innovator
The complex and cumulative ways in which the effects of multiple forms of inequality combine and overlap, especially in the experiences of marginalized individuals, is referred to as which of the following? Question options: Social Construct Inequality Racism Sexism Discrimination Intersectionality
Intersectionality
The notion that the effects of inequalities based on race, ethnicity, sex, gender, etc. are overlapping and mututally constitutive is referred to as which of the following? Question options: Sexism Inequality Social Construct Intersectionality Racism Discrimination
Intersectionality
Which of the following is NOT an example of a stereotype? Question options: a) Maria assuming her son-in-law is a heavy drinker because he is Irish. b) Isaiah cooking his girlfriend a meat-free dinner because she is a vegetarian. c) Cynthia believing her best friend to be good at math because she is Asian. d) Pedro assuming his neighbor likes rap music because he is African American.
Isaiah cooking his girlfriend a meat-free dinner because she is a vegetarian.
Believed that the general population was divided into two groups. He labeled the wealthy, who controlled the means of production and business, the bourgeois. He labeled the workers who depended on the bourgeois for employment and survival the proletariat C. Wright Mills Durkheim Max Weber Karl Marx Clifford Shaw
Karl Marx
In first grade, Scott is unfairly singled out by his teacher for bad behavior, partly because his older brothers had behavioral problems themselves. Throughout grade school, Scott gains a reputation as a "problem" child. Scott eventually drops out of school, thinking he was born to fail anyway. Which school of thought best fits Scott's experience? Conflict Theory Labeling Theory Social Control Theory Merton's Strain Theory Differential Association Theory
Labeling Theory
This theory involves the use of concepts: primary and secondary deviance. Cultural Deviance Theory Cultural Deviance Theory Labeling Theory Differential Association Conflict Theory
Labeling Theory
Which is an effect of absolute poverty that also contributes to its cyclical nature? a) Home foreclosures b) Lack of education c) Massive credit card debt d) Excellent healthcare
Lack of education
Which of the following is NOT one of the strata in the Gilbert-Kahl Model of the American Class System? Working Class Capitalist Class Lower Class Working Poor Middle Class
Lower Class
Which of the following is NOT a method used within the United States to produce educational equality? a) Charter schools b) Mandatory tutoring c) Bussing d) Head Start
Mandatory tutoring
Which is one reason that sociologist cite to explain why men and women are delaying marriage until their mid-to-late twenties? a) Many women fear having children too early and, consequently, having to give up a good career. b) Many young people place education and career higher than marriage on their list of priorities. c) Most people in the Millennial generation are caring for their aging parents and do not have time for long term, serious relationships. d) Most men spend at least a year traveling the world to get a better understanding of the world, and consequently, don't want to be tied down by a wife.
Many young people place education and career higher than marriage on their list of priorities.
Certain members of society in particular feel that they are to able to achieve societal goals, such as wealth. Deviance is committed by those with limited access to legitimate ways of achieving the goals of society. Social Control Theory Merton's Strain Theory Differential Association Theory Labeling Theory
Merton's Strain Theory
Parents in which of the following class positions are more likely to punish a child for intent than actual consequences? Middle Class All of these Working Class None of these
Middle Class
Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies? a) The amount of people in each class has been about the same for the past 10 years. b) Lower Class c) Upper Class d) Middle Class
Middle Class
Which court case set the precedent for access to education within the United States for students with disabilities? a) Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia b) Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission c) Plessy v. Ferguson d) Brown v. the Board of Education
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
Which groups in any society are all of those who do not hold the greatest degree of power? Question options: Poor Women Majority Minority Aftican American and Latin
Minority
What did Marx and Freud see as the downfall of religion that would lead to the secularization of society? a) Social strains of society b) Modernization of society c) Apathy of society d) Class stratification of society
Modernization of society
Which trend has the World Bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations? a) Children can avoid living in poverty if they live with their fathers. b) Equal numbers of men and women live in poverty. c) More women live in poverty than men. d) More men live in poverty than women.
More women live in poverty than men.
Which statement would you find in the analysis of poverty by Neckerman and Torche? a) People live in poverty because they are lazy and lack meaningful work. b) Once poverty has entered an geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of. c) People will take advantage of social welfare programs if you do not watch them carefully. d) People living in poverty enjoy living in poverty.
Once poverty has entered an geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of.
Which is true? People in the U.S. are getting married at older ages that they did in the 1970s. Couples who live together before they get married are much less likely to get divorced. Research has shown that children of lesbian couples have higher rate of behavioral problems than do children from families come from families that have a traditional father and mother. Single parent households are on the decline Rates of divorce have increased since the 1990s
People in the U.S. are getting married at older ages that they did in the 1970s.
Sanchita worships three different and separate gods. Her religion falls into which category? Sectionalism Polytheism Monotheism Atheism
Polytheism
Sanchita worships three different and separate gods. Her religion falls into which category? a) Polytheism b) Totemism c) Atheism d) Monotheism
Polytheism
Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a: a) Negative formal sanction b) Positive formal sanction c) Positive informal sanction d) Negative informal sanction
Positive formal saction
The ability to overcome resistance is referred to as which of the following? Strength Wealth Authority Prestige Power
Power
The name of the small group of officials who make most of the important decisions in the U.S. is which of the following? Power Elite Executive Branch of the U.S. Government Illuminati U.S. Supreme Court None of these, the people make the important decisions in the U.S. Capitalist Class
Power Elite
Occupation is a powerful determinant of which of the following? Wealth Power Prestige
Prestige
The amount of esteem and deference received from others is referred to as which of the following? Status Class Strength Power Authority Prestige
Prestige
Which of the following is NOT a group represented in the Power Elite? Politics Military Business Religion
Religion
What correlation between religion and society did Max Weber see and study? a) Religion was important to lower class people, but not very important to those in higher classes. b) Religion was pushed out of society as countries began to industrialize. c) Religion was just a way for governments to justify and control their people. d) Religion was very influential over the economy and the habits of workers.
Religion was very influential over the economy and the habits of workers.
Persistent deviance. Occurs when a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society. The person may begin to take on and fulfill the role of a"deviant" as an act of rebellion against the society that has labeled that individual as such. Anomie Differential Association Primary Deviance Secondary Deviance
Secondary Deviance
What is the difference between sex and gender? Question options: a) Sex refers to who a person is sexually attracted to, and gender refers to whom a person chooses to partner with. b) Sex is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine, gender is biological characterization of anatomy. c) Sex refers to sexual orientation, and gender refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females. d) Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.
Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.
According to this theory, deviance results from feelings of disconnection from society. Individuals who believe that they are part of society (or bonded to society) are less likely to commit crime. The more integrated and attached you are to social institutions, the less likely you are to commit crime. Social Control Theory Differential Association Strain Theory Conflict Theory Labeling Theory
Social Control Theory
The sociological theory was concerned with how crime is geographically distributed. Social Disorganization Theory Differential Association Social Control Theory Labeling Theory Conflict Theory
Social Disorganization Theory
One of the most important predictors of educational attainment is: The number of siblings a student has Social class Gender How many students attend a student's school.
Social class
Family is a term that is difficult to define. When studying sociology it is important to remember that: a) Sociologists try to keep the definition open to encompass all types of people who are emotionally close to each other. b) Sociologist try to keep the definition open so that people who walk by each other on the street are a family. c) Sociologists only consider traditional marriage as a requirement to be a family. d) Sociologists only consider people who live in the same household to be a family.
Sociologists try to keep the definition open to encompass all types of people who are emotionally close to each other.
Corporal Punishment is another way of saying: a) Spanking b) Life in prison c) White Collar Crime d) The death penalty
Spanking
A hierarchical arrangement of people/groups is referred to as which of the following? Discrimination Class Race Caste Stratification Segregation
Stratification
Joe, whose drivers license indicates male as legal sex, can be feminine? Question options: True False
T
Sexual harassment is a type of gender violence. Question options: True False
T
True or false: A person's sex, as determined by his or her biology, does not always correspond with his or her gender. Question options: a) True b) False
T
True or false: The majority of American citizens are descendents of immigrants? Question options: a) True b) False
T
The Davis-Moore Thesis states: a) That economic hardship and skyrocketing inflation is the cause for all social stratification in the United States. b) That the more society values a particular profession, the more the people in that profession will make. c) That people constantly move up and down the social ladder, and this creates an unstable economy which will eventually collapse on itself. d) That Karl Marx was correct and that stratification can only be solved by converting to a socialist government.
That the more society values a particular profession, the more the people in that profession will make.
Which is true? Crime, especially violent crime, has been increasing since the 1990s. The National Crime Victimization Report (NCVR) is collected by the FBI. The National Crime Victimization Report (NCVR) fails to account for the many crimes that go unreported. The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) fails to account for the many crimes that go unreported.
The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) fails to account for the many crimes that go unreported.
Which of the following is not a branch of the U.S. Criminal Justice System? a) The jury b) The corrections system c) The police d) The courts
The jury
Social control is: a) A system that has the authority to make decisions based on law. b) An arrangement of practices and behaviors on which society's members base their daily lives. c) A label that describes the chief characteristic of an individual. d) The regulation and enforcement of norms.
The regulation and enforcement of norms.
Adolf Hitler blaming Germany's pre-war problems on the Jewish population is an example of: Question options: a) Pluralism b) The scapegoat theory c) White privilege d) The social construction of race
The scapegoat theory
GNI PPP, or gross national income divided by purchasing power parity, helps measure: a) The average global interest rates for loans. b) The standard of living in a country. c) The average level of education per person in a country. d) The amount of inflation affecting a country's currency.
The standard of living in a country.
What is one of the biggest challenges facing groups and organizations that try to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV)? a) Most people do not know what IPV is. b) The victims of IPV do not report the abuse. c) IPV almost never happens, so it is difficult to locate and predict. d) IPV is not taken seriously by the court system.
The victims of IPV do not report the abuse.
Which of the following is a strata in the Gilbert-Kahl Model of the American Class System? Bourgeoisie Class Proletariat Class Upper Class Under class Median Class
Under class
Maria babysits as a form of income while she is in college. Because the amounts she gets per job are not huge, Maria never bothers to report her earnings to the IRS. Maria is a part of the _____________. a) Underground economy b) Under-reported economy c) Under-earning economy d) Under-paid economy
Underground economy
Jackson lives in rural Chile, and is the son of a poor farmer. The nearest school is 50 miles away, and he has no means to get there. What does the educational system in Jackson's country lack? a) Latent functions b) Informal education c) Formal education d) Universal access
Universal access
Which statement explains why Immanuel Wallerstein's classification is preferred by sociologist? a) The former Cold War era classifications are outdated and no longer accurately show the economic state of individual nations. b) Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric. c) Wallerstein's classification is based more on sociological data than economic data, and because of that, applies to the field of sociology better than the Cold War era classification. d) Wallerstein's classification uses the United States as a point of comparison so that people can understand what he is saying.
Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric.
Child labor and sweatshops have existed since the Industrial Revolution and even before that. Many products sold today are created in these sweatshops, even though, living in the 21st century, we like to think we are above such practices. What is one practical way we can try and stop multinational companies from using such labor? a) We can ignore the problem because it will eventually go away. b) We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them. c) We can trust that the CEOs and the members of the board of the companies will do the right thing. d) We can justify such practices because they are legal in other countries.
We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.
Property and anything else that can be converted to currency is referred to as which of the following? Prestige Income Wealth Power
Wealth
The term secondary deviance can be defined as: a) When a violation of norms does not result in any long-term effects on the individual's self-image or interactions with others. b) When positive formal sanctions cause an individual to deviate from society's expectations. c) When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society. d) When negative informal sanctions encourage an individual to seek more positive behavioral choices.
When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.
The term secondary deviance can be defined as: a) When negative informal sanctions encourage an individual to seek more positive behavioral choices. b) When a violation of norms does not result in any long-term effects on the individual's self-image or interactions with others. c) When positive formal sanctions cause an individual to deviate from society's expectations. d) When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.
When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.
The term doing gender can be defined as: Question options: a) Dating a member of the same sex to make a political statement. b) When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves. c) The refusal to participate in any tasks with gender-specific requirements. d) The prejudiced belief that one sex should be valued over another.
When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves.
In the United States, schools also fill the role of preparing students for competition in life. Obviously, athletics foster a competitive nature, but even in the classroom students compete against one another academically. This would be an example of: a latent function informal education transmission of moral education a manifest function
a latent function
In first grade, Scott is unfairly singled out by his teacher for bad behavior, partly because his older brothers had behavioral problems themselves. Throughout grade school, Scott gains a reputation as a "problem" child. Scott eventually drops out of school, thinking he was born to fail anyway. Which school of thought best fits Scott's experience? a) Differential association b) Strain theory c) Labeling theory d) Control theory
abeling theory
Which continent has the largest number of people living in poverty in the world? a) Asia b) North America c) Africa d) South America
asia
The Separate but equal decision of Plessy v Ferguson is an example of which of the following? Question options: De jure segregation De facto segregation Stereotypes Prejudice Intersectionality
de jure
The biological and/or legal status of a person based on characteristics such as chromosomes, reproductive organs, and where hair grows on the body is referred to as which of the following? Question options: Ethnicity Gender Identity Gender Race Sex
sex
Which groups in any society are all of those who do not hold the greatest degree of power? Question options: Poor Women African American and Latin Subordinate Dominant
subordinate
In which country is sex education required in public schools? Question options: a) The United States b) Sweden c) England d) Nigeria
sweden
When Alexander, who is white, drives his car over the speed limit, a police officer lets him off with a warning. When Christopher, who is Hispanic, drives his car at the same speed as Alexander on the same road, the officer gives him a ticket, even though his record is clean. This is an example of: Question options: a) Intersection theory b) White privilege c) Affirmative action d) The social construction of race
white privilege