Social Problems: CH10 Health and Medicine

What would you use if you wanted to measure the spread of acute illness?

Incidence rate

Which of the following countries is safest for new mothers and their children in relation to the infant mortality rate?

Spain

Which perspective demonstrates how social, political, and cultural meanings affect our definition and response to health and illness?

interactionism

Which of the following is true of gender and disease?

Because of differences in gender roles, men are more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors or potentially dangerous activities.

Which of the following comprises one of the highest risk groups in the U.S. for contracting, and dying from, the disease caused by the coronavirus?

Latinx

What term best describes the maximum number of children that could be born?

Fecundity

Thomas is interested in an insurance plan that emphasizes patient choice and immediate patient care. Which program would be his best option?

Fee-for-service plan

Which OECD country has the lowest rate of infant mortality?

Finland

Under which program will you be assigned to a primary care provider, who will provide most of your medical care, but if necessary, that doctor will refer you to specialists within the plan or to providers contracted by the plan?

Health maintenance organization (HMO)

Medicine has shifted from a general practitioner model (a family doctor who took care of all your needs) to a specialist model (where one doctor treats you for a specific ailment).

True

The United States already has socialized medicine, government-run medicine, in the form of the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Medicare system.

True

The leading cause of death of college-age Americans is unintentional injuries, followed by homicide and suicide.

True

U.S. laws prohibit the importation of drugs from other countries into the United States unless their safety is certified by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

True

Unlike other countries, in the United States, drug prices are set according to market demands.

True

Which of the following describes the set of behaviors regarding actions and treatments of ill persons?

Sick role

Put the following steps to the sick role in order.

1. Excused from normal roles 2. Not at fault for the illness 3. They must try to get well 4. They must listen to the doctor

Compared to other Western countries, what best characterizes Americans' use of healthcare?

Americans visit their doctors less frequently than peers in other countries.

Native Americans, military personnel, and veterans are under which model of healthcare in the United States?

Beveridge model

Adam is looking for a state-sponsored healthcare program, for his uninsured low-income children under 18. Which program would likely best meet his needs and be most affordable?

Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)

What program enables states to implement their own children's health insurance programs for uninsured low-income children 18 years old or younger and targets the children of working parents or grandparents?

Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)

What has been called the most effective tool to reduce health disparities and can increase access to health care to the poor, racial and ethnic minorities, and other underserved populations?

Community health centers (CHCs)

According to conflict theorists, patterns of health and illness are based on individual actions.

False

Epidemiologists focus on individuals and how they experience illnesses.

False

The experience and meanings of menopause, like most illnesses, are the same across cultures.

False

The gender pay gap exists among physicians, but this goes away after controlling for specialty, practice type, and hours worked.

False

The infant mortality rate is historically lower in the United States than in other developed countries.

False

The lowest number of births per woman was during the Great Depression and the births per woman were 1.

False

How has life expectancy changed during the COVID-19 pandemic?

It declined by a year.

Which of the following is the main reason why people lack health care insurance coverage?

It is too expensive.

What did people do in the great recession to reduce their healthcare costs?

Many went without prescriptions and/or rationed them.

Which state was the first state to provide universal health care coverage to all of its residents in 2006?

Massachusetts

Which of the following is true of gender and illness?

Men experience higher rates of fatal illness.

What statistic measures the crude death rate or the number of deaths per 100,000 people in a population in a given year?

Mortality

Which country has the highest life expectancy?

Switzerland

Which statement about vaccine distribution is true?

The higher the social class the more likely they are to be vaccinated or have access to vaccines.

Which of the following best describes the variability in life expectancy?

The last time life expectancy declined like this was WWII.

Which of the following are educated people most likely to utilize to maintain their health?

They are willing to use new medical technologies or medicines.

Which of the following is a reason why vaccinating Latinx workers is so important?

They make up a large proportion of front-line workers.

Eliminating racial and ethnic health disparities was identified as a major goal of the U.S. national health agenda set by the U.S. Congress in 2019.

True

Half of U.S. adults with lower income reported that they did not get necessary health care or did not fill prescriptions in the past year because of the cost.

True

Which industrialized nation has the highest infant mortality rate?

United States

Which of the following has been noted by scholars as having the largest determinant of health?

a person's objective health

Which perspective argues that instead of defining health care as a right, our capitalistic system treats health care as a valuable commodity dispensed to the highest bidder?

conflict

What are the study of the patterns in the distribution and frequency of sickness, injury, and death and the social factors that shape them?

epidemiology

What statistic is determined by the maximum number of children that could be born, based on the number of women of childbearing age in the population?

fecundity

Which of the following do epidemiologists use to measure health status?

fertility, mortality, and morbidity

Jessie is interested in the number of new cases of COVID-19 within a population during a specific period. What measure would they be most interested in?

incidence rate

Leslie is interested in how social, political, and cultural meanings affected our definition and response to COVID-19. Which perspective would she likely use?

interactionism

What term best describes how long a baby born today can expect to live, on average?

life expectancy

What term refers to the process through which a condition or behavior becomes defined as a medical problem?

medicalization

Amit is interested in studying people who have the best health outcomes. Which of the following should he make sure to study?

people with high levels of education

What term best describes the total number of cases involving a specific health problem during a specific period?

prevalence rate