Social Psychology Chapters 5-7 Review

Androgynous

From andro (man) + gyn (woman)- thus mixing both masculine and feminine characteristics.

Attractiveness

Having qualities that appeal to an audience and can persuade them because of their appearance.

Gender role

A set of behavior expectations (norms) for males and females.

Obedience

Acting in accord with a direct order or command.

Channel of communication

Refers to the way the message is delivered.

Sex

Reproductive functions

Norms

Standards for accepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribe "proper" behavior. (In a different sense of the word, norms also describe what most others do- what is normal.)

Personal Space

The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies. Its size depends on our familiarity with whoever is near us.

Central rout to persuasion

The central route relies on solid arguments based on relevant facts and figures that get people to think about the issues.

Culture

The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people transmitted from one generation to the next.

Natural Selection

The evolutionary process by which heritable traits that best enable organism to survive and repoduce in particular environments are passed to ensuing.

Cohesiveness

A "we feeling"; the extent to which members of a group are bound together, such as by attraction for one another.

Conformity

A change in behavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group pressure.

Sleeper effect

A delayed impact of message that occurs when an initially discounted message becomes effective as we remember the reason for discounting it.

Propaganda

A form of persuasion that we usually define as Bad

Education

A form of persuasion wecall good.

Reactance

A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom. It arises when someone threatens our freedom of action. ------When social pressure threatens one's sense of freedom, they often rebel.

Interaction

A relationship in which the effect of one factor (such as biology) depends on another factor (such as environment)

Cedibility

Believability. Percieved as both trustworthy and an expert.

Acceptance

Confomity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure.

Normative influence

Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations, often to gain acceptance.

Informational influence

Conformity occuring when people accept evidence about reality provided by other people.

Compliance

Conformity that involves publicly acting in accord with an implied or explicit request while privately disagreeing.

Gender

In psychology, the characteristics, whether biological or socially influenced, by which people define male and female.

Recency effect

Information presented last sometimes has the most influence.

Primacy effect

Other things being equal information presented first usually has the most influence.

what are the "Big Five" personality demensions?

People being more or less stable, outgoing, open, agreeable, and conscientious.

Peripheral route to persuasion

The peripheral route provides cues that stimulate acceptance of the argument without much thinking.

Persuasion

The process by which a message induces change in belieds, attitudes, or behaviors.

Evolutionary Psychology

The study of the evolution of cognition and behavior using principles of natural selection.

empathy

The vicarious experience of another's feelings; putting oneself in another's shoes.

Asserting Uniqueness

We do not feel comfortable being too different from a group, but we do not want to appear to be the same as everyone else. We act in ways that preserve who we are and show our individuality.

When is confomity at it's highest?

When the group has three or more people and is unanimous, cohesive, and high status. It is also when the response is public and made without prior commitment.

inoculation

stimulating one to develop counterarguments that will then be available if and when a strong attack comes.