Social Studies Greeks

What happened during the Ionian Revolt, and why was it important?

- Persia takes over a Greek Colony. (Ionia) -Athens helps Ionia revolt and wins -Athen then leaves -Darius seeing Athens gone smashes Ionia -Persia wants revenge on Athens

What are the three ways Alexander spread Greek ideas to unite the different people of his empire?

1. He built greek styled cities (buildings, temples, statues, markets, theaters.) 2. Used their art, literature, and laws 3. Soldiers and government officials spoke Greek

What are the four examples of how examples of how Alexander adopted the ways of other cultures to show respect for the people he conquered?

1. He encouraged Greek/Persian marriages 2. Used their government 3. Insisted on using the Persian greeting 4. Wore mainly Persian clothing

What are the three ways Alexander used religion to unite his empire?

1. He honored Persian and Egyptian gods with the same respects as the Greek gods 2. He visited oracle sites 3.claimed that that he was a god/the son of a god

Why was Alexander, Phillip's son, so well trained to be a leader?

A tutor, Aristotle, tutored him.

334 B.C.E

Alexander invades Persia

Battle of Plataea

All of Greece allies together, Persia attacks on accident, (because when they see Greece split up to search for water, they think that they are fighting, so seeing them "weak" they attack.), and a Rock kill Mardonious the Persian leader. Greece won this battle.

Battle of Marathon

Athens fought the Persians, Sparta didn't because of a festival, Phillipides ran, Militiades out smarts the Persians with the trap of "retreating" but when the Persians tried to attack when they fake retreated, he closed in on them on 3 sides. The Greeks/Athens won this battle.

How did Alexander plan to build his empire?

By using the kindness/terror method. Door 1: Everybody dies if you don't obey me! Door 2: We're besties if you obey me!

Battle of Marathon fighters/leaders

Darius the king of Persia and Miltiades an Athen Leader. (Persia vs Athens)

Which factor best explains why the Greeks won the Battle of Salamis?

Having a good military strategy because they tricked Xerxes with the messenger, making him come into a small area of water, where then they attacked them with their boats.

Which factor best explains why the Greeks won over all in the Persian wars?

Having a good military strategy because they won a lot of battles with their strategies. My first piece of evidence is that they won the battle of Marathon because of their strategy when they trapped the Persians. My second piece of evidence is that the also won't the battle of Salamis with their strategy when they tricked Xerxes with the messenger.

How did the Peloponnesian War contribute to the expansion of Macedonia?

It weakened Greece allowing Phillip to invade and take over.

How did King Darius rule the Persian Empire?

King Darius divided Persia into 20 provinces and put a ruler over each one.

Battle of Plataea fighters/leaders

Mardonious, a Persian leader Xerxes left in charge, and Athens and Sparta. (Persia vs Greece)

Before the Persian wars were fought, who do you think would have won?

Persia, because Greece was always fighting so I thought they would be weak of fighting each other to fight another Empire like Persia.

338 B.C.E

Phillip conquers Greece (but not Sparta)

336 B.C.E

Phillip dies

3 things that happens to Alexander's empire after he died.

Settlers left, cities fell into ruin, land was divided into 3 kingdoms: Egypt, Syria, and Greece/Macedonia

Battle of Thermopylae

Sparta was outnumbered by about 174000 men, the battle was fought in a narrow path, Sparta was betrayed. Persia won this battle.

404 B.C.E

Sparta wins

Battle of Salamis

The city of Athens was completely destroyed in this battle, however the only a tiny army was in Athens at that time, Athens tricked Xerxes with a messenger saying that they wanted to be on his side so lets attack everyone else now on water, Athens boat sinking strategy was to his the Persian ships with the sides of their boats that had poles sticking out and they would sink, they fought in a small area of water. Greeks/Athens won this battle.

How did the Persians build their empire?

They attacked other nations. There biggest impact in their war fighting was their archery.

What roles did Athens and Sparta play in the Peloponnesian war?

They fought each other.

Which factor best explains why the Greeks won the battle of Plataea?

They had allies, because there were more people to fight, their were making the Greeks not so outnumbered as usual. Also because Greece was finally unified as a whole.

Which factor best explains why the Persians won the Battle of Thermopylae?

They knew the geography really well, because the Persians had a traitor come from the Sparta camp, who knew the geography of the Greek land allowing the Persians to take the path that they used to surprise attack Sparta with.

Which factor best explains why the Greeks won the battle of Marathon?

They used a clever military strategy, when they were able to trap the Persians on all 3 sides and give themselves an advantage when fighting.

Battle of Thermopylae fighters/leaders

Xerxes, the king of Persia (son of Darius) and Leonidas, a Spartan leader. (Persia vs Sparta)

Battle of Salamis fighters/leaders

Xerxes, the king of Persia (son of Darius) and Themistocles, an Athens leader. (Persia vs Athens)