Unit 1 Review (Pre Test)

A psychologist who believes depression is linked to a decrease in the availability of the neurotransmitter serotonin would be following which perspective?

Biological

Sylvia believes you always have to look at the bright side of situations. Recently, she was in a minor traffic accident. Instead of focusing on the damage to her vehicle, she told onlookers she was just thankful that no one was hurt. Which psychologist would MOST likely agree with Sylvia's appraisal of her situation after the traffic accident?

Carl Rogers

A school psychologist believes that a child is acting up in class because he perceives that the teacher does not like him and thinks that no matter how he behaves he will be reprimanded and called out. The school psychologist is working with the child to replace these thoughts with more realistic ideas about general expectations for class behavior. Which of the following perspectives is the school psychologist likely using with this child?

Cognitive

Carrie is a psychologist. She is studying how people think and how this perception affects their behavior by conducting research on problem solving, memory, and metacognition. Carrie is which type of psychologist?

Cognitive

Beatrice is having difficulty balancing school, work, and family obligations. Beatrice should seek help from which of the following psychologists?

Counseling

Professor Goldsmith is interested in studying how feedback from teachers influences student achievement. Professor Goldsmith is MOST likely what type of psychologist?

Educational

Charles Darwin proposed that natural selection leads to the development of characteristics most suited to the survival and reproduction of a species. His theory has most influenced which branch of psychology?

Evolutionary Psychology

"The most important thing a psychologist can study is how a behavior or thought helps a person navigate the world, rather than how that thought comes to be or what it is made of. " This viewpoint probably comes from somebody who believes in what historical theoretical approach?

Functionalism

Which psychologist not only created the first formal psychology laboratory in the United States but also founded the American Psychologist Association (APA)?

G. Stanley Hall

Which psychologist was the first doctor of psychology, started the first psychological journal in the United States, and founded the American Psychological Association?

G. Stanley Hall

A company's headquarters include laundry facilities, a gym, fitness classes, massage therapy, a hair stylist, as well as automotive services. The goal is for employees to be less distracted by daily minutia, thereby allowing them to focus their cognitive energy on productivity. The incorporation of these services is a result of studies by which type of psychologist?

Industrial-Organizational

Jenna is interested in pursuing a career that allows her to devise plans on how to motivate employees to provide the best customer service possible. Which psychological career would be MOST suitable for Jenna?

Industrial-Organizational

Dr. Gary Namie wrote and administered the largest survey on bullying in the workplace. His research has been used to improve workplace relationships. Dr. Gary Namie is a major contributor to which subfield in psychology?

Industrial-Orgizational

Marnie is handed a teddy bear and begins to describe what she is experiencing: "This is brown. It is soft. It is wearing a red bow." What historic research technique is she using?

Introspection

Which of the following is a medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses?

Psychiatrist

Clive is suffering anxiety and is unable to participate in normal daily activities. He decides to go to a therapist to help him resolve his issues so he can live normally in the future. The therapist directs Clive to explore his past to discover the source of his illness. What type of psychologist did Clive see?

Psychodynamic

If the following psychologists would MOST likely study gang behavior?

Social Psychologist

Amber believes that each thought or memory can be broken down into smaller elements, such as the emotions and concepts behind them. In which historical approach to psychology would she find people who believe the same thing?

Structuralism

Structuralism differs from functionalism in which of the following ways?

Structuralism identifies elements of human behavior through introspection while functionalism objectively studies how elements of human behavior help people adapt and be successful.

Which of the following was the first person to study humans in a laboratory setting and was known as the "father of psychology"?

Wilhelm Wundt

Which person is widely considered to be the "father" of modern psychology?

Wilhelm Wundt

Which of the following individuals disagreed with the structuralist perspective that people, like chemicals, could be broken down into their most basic components but rather believed that individuals should be examined as a whole and emphasis should be placed on how they function in the world?

William James

Which of the following psychologists is known for functionalism?

William James

An industrial-organizational psychologist would be MOST likely to . . .

work with businesses to help train employees and create productive work environments.