Social Studies Test 2

"Since the Southern states never legally left the Union, they should be restored to the Union as soon as possible"

Abraham Lincoln

Which is characteristic of both democracy and capitalism?

Considerable individual choice

Create a monopoly over the production and distribution of goods

Create a monopoly over the production and distribution of goods

The main reason competing corporations often combine resources is to

Create a monopoly over the production and distribution of goods

Jim Crow laws passed in the South during the late 1800s were designed to

Create a system of legal segregation

After the Civil War, many owners of large plantations in the South responded to the loss of enslaved labor by

Creating tenant farms and sharecropping

Poll taxes, literacy test, and grandfather clauses were used in the South after 1890 to

Deny suffrage rights to African Americans

Which heading best completes the partial outline below? A. Freedmen's Bureau B. Passage of the 14 amendment C. Military occupation of the South

Elements of Reconstruction

During the latter part of the 19th century, United States industrialist generally urged the Federal Government to

Evey high protective tariffs

What was a common goal of the 13th, 14th, and 15 amendments to the United States Constitution?

Granting basic rights to formerly enslaved persons

How were many African Americans in the South affected after Reconstruction ended in 1877?

Jim Crow laws placed major restrictions on their rights

Which factor was most critical to the building of transcontinental Railroads after the Civil War

Land and money provided by the federal government

The decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson

Legalized segregation

Black Codes were established in the South immediately after the Civil War in an effort to

Limited the rights of newly freed African American

The corporation became a popular form of business after the Civil War because corporations

Offer advantages in raising capital and provide legal protection for owners

The system of sharecropping developed in the South after the Civil War because

Owners of large tracts of land faced labor shortage

Which provided the legal basis for racial segregation in the late 19th century United States

Passage of "Jim Crow" laws by state legislatures

After 1877, racial segregation became widespread in the South primarily as a result of the

Passage of Jim crow laws

"Carnegie Donates Millions to Build Libraries" "Rockefeller Creates Foundation for Medical Research"

Philanthropist

One effect of monopolies on the United States economy is that they have tended to

Reduce business competition

The main purpose of Antitrust legislation passed by Congress is to

Restore competition between similar businesses

Literacy test, grandfather clauses, and poll taxes were enacted by Southern States to

Restrict the voting rights of African Americans

In the late 1800s, which idea was used most often to justify the elimination of business competition

Social Darwinism

The term "robber barons" is used to describe many industrialist of the late 19th century mainly because they

Sought to maximize their profits by eliminating competition and exploiting workers

The federal government follows the economic principle of laissez-faire when it

Takes no action on corporate mergers

During Reconstruction, some of the Southern Reactions were

That black codes were enacted, and the rise of the Ku Klux Klan

During Reconstruction, some Federal Government Goals were

That former slaves given the right to vote, former slaves were grated citizenship, Southern states swore loyalty to the Union

Sharecropping was a system of farming most common in

The Southern States after the Civil War

Which statement is a valid generalization about the experience of African Americans during the early Reconstruction period (1865-1870)

They achieved legal rights through constitutional amendments

Which statement best describes the role of railroads in the industrialization of the United States?

They provided an efficient means of transportation during the Age if Big Business

During the lat 1800s and early 1900s, the term robber baron best defined a person who

Used ruthless business tactics

During the latter half of the 19th century, many business organizations in the United States combined into large corporations because

efficiency in production methods could be increased

At times, the United States Government has passed protective tariffs to

help the nation's manufacturers

Prior to 1880, the number of immigrants to the United States was not restricted mainly because

industry owners wanted cheap labor

The Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) And the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) were similar in that both were designed to

limit the power of big business

What was the major purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) And the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)

promoting fair competition between businesses

The most long-lasting victory for civil rights achieved during Reconstruction was the

ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the United States Constitution

The term robber baron was used to criticize the

tactics of big business leaders

After the Civil War, which development limited economic opportunities for African Americans in the South?

use of the sharecropping system

One reason John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J. Pierpont Morgan were sometimes called robber barons was because they

used ruthless business tactics against their competitors

During the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877), the 15th amendment was adopted to grant African Americans

voting rights