social

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to

comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request.

Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard is called

conformity.

Any physical or verbal behavior that is intended to harm someone physically or emotionally is known as

aggression.

Behaving with unselfish concern for the welfare of others is called

altruism.

The frustration-aggression principle suggests that anger results when

an attempt to achieve some goal is blocked.

Prejudice is best defined as

an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members.

Participants in the Milgram obedience studies were ordered to

deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers.

Unjustifiable and negative behavior toward a group and its members is called

discrimination.

Fritz Heider's attribution theory suggests that we attribute others' behavior to either their

dispositions or their situations.

Group polarization is most likely to occur in a group in which

individuals share a similar opinion.

Accepting others' opinions about reality is to ________ as the desire to gain approval is to ________.

informational social influence; normative social influence

Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that

our attitudes and actions clash.

Social facilitation refers to the tendency to

perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others.

The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as a(n)

role.

Which theory most clearly suggests that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame when things go wrong?

scapegoat theory

Groupthink is defined as

the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.

The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races is called

the other-race effect.

Ingroup bias refers to

the tendency to favor "us" rather than "them."

The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of ________ and to overestimate the impact of ________ in explaining the behavior of others.

situational influences; personal disposition

Which branch of psychology is concerned with the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another?

social psychology

Culturally modeled guides for how to act in various situations are called

social scripts.

The just-world phenomenon refers to the

tendency to believe that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

People are less likely to give aid if an emergency occurs in the presence of many observers. This is known as

the bystander effect.

The mere exposure effect refers to the fact that people

experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar.

Which of the following best illustrates the path to aggression, as outlined by the frustration-aggression principle?

frustration - - anger - - aggression