Social Welfare Ch 2

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)

A political party founded in 1932 in Calgary. In 1944 it became the first social democratic government in north America and it was then disbanded and replaced with the New Democratic Party (NDP).

Beveridge Report

A report during the coalition government of WWII that recommended various health and welfare services as a safety net for the British people.

Canada Assistance Plan (CAP)

Instrumental in standardizing and funding Social Assistance nationwide. Program was the consolidation of federal-provincial programs based on means tests or needs tests

Great Depression

(1929-1939) The dramatic decline in the world's economy due to the United State's stock market crash of 1929. Pivotal event in the rise of the Welfare State. Shifted public perception of the Poor. Canadians began to see that poverty was not necessarily internal, but could be caused by the failure of an economic system. The idea of private welfare was replaced with demands for public welfare policies.

New Deal

1933-1939. It was President Roosevelt's program for getting the United States out of the depression. The plan is known for his three R's: Relief for the unemployed, Recovery of the economy, and Reform of the financial system.

Statute of Labourers

A law enacted by the English parliament under King Edward III in 1351 in response to labour shortage, and labourer's demands for higher wages. Prohibited increases in wages and movement of workers from their home areas in search of improved conditions.

Feudalism

A medieval social and economic system of obligations in which people exchanged loyalty to a lord in exchange for land and protection. Predominated in agricultural societies.

Outdoor Relief

Aid provided to worthy poor (The sick, the aged, the disabled and the widowed) in their own homes in the form of in-kind assistance (i.e. food, etc).

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership of capital

Deserving and Undeserving Poor

Elizabethan Poor Law legacy. Categorization of Welfare recipients into "types" of people - the "deserving" and the "undeserving" (of care) - depending on their ability to work ("economic productivity")

Elizabethan Poor Law

Enacted in England in 1601; included three categories of relief recipients (the able-bodied poor, the impotent poor, dependent children); These fundamental provisions were incorporated into the laws of the British Colonies (i.e. Canada).

Workhouse

Erected as private enterprises in the seventeenth-century. Officially called almshouses. Able-bodied applicants of poor relief were forced to report to these institutions to complete work tasks in order to obtain assistance.

Welfare State Consensus

Held belief that economic growth and social programs could work in tandem to grow the economic pie in order to avoid redistribution of income proposed by socialists of the time. State's role was not to redistribute existing wealth, but rather to help industry grow, and then insure that the tendency of unregulated markets to create ever greater maldistribution of wealth was checked by the market.

Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834

Legislative amendment. Three main features: forbade outdoor relief for able-bodied persons and their families, dramatically cut relief rates, tightened administrative rules to clean up what was perceived as abuse of the system.

Indoor Relief

Provided to able-bodied men who were deemed employable, These recipients were obligated to live in a workhouse and undertake duties in order to receive assistance. The objective was to limit relief and use work as a form of punishment.

Women's Suffrage

Refers to women's right to vote and hold public office. Manitoba took lead in 1916.

Marsh Report

Report that called for universal and comprehensive social welfare programs.

Principle of Less Eligibility

The principle that the amount of welfare given to people should be less than the lowest wage so that people will not be tempted to take welfare rather than get a wage-earning job