Sociology Ch 3

Identify the examples of subcultures in the United States today

skateboarders CrossFit (group exercise) participants

The most powerful of all norms are

taboos

cultural imperialism

the imposition of one culture's beliefs and practices on another culture through media and consumer products rather than by military force

cultural relativism

the practice of judging a culture by its own standards. seeing another culture as different, not better or worse

examples of cultural diffusion

the spread of hip-hop music (which originated in African American and Latino communities in New York City) among white youth across the United States the popularity of anime programs like Dragon Ball in the United States during the last two decades

Moral holidays include

Halloween a night of celebration after a home team's Super Bowl victory

example of sanction covid 19

If you don't wear a mask, you cannot enter a business.

Families in the working class are less likely to have health insurance than those in the middle class.

Neither norm or value

example of norm covid 19

When standing in line, remain six feet away from others.

Neither more nor folkway

a toddler throwing a tantrum and lying down in the middle of a supermarket

example of sign

an emoji for sadness

Which of the following is a characteristic of Otaku culture?

an example of the east influencing the west

Laws

are specific types of norms that formally codify what is permissible or forbidden

neither a sign or gesture

crying

ideal culture

cultural concept correctly describes the idea of equality in the United States

hegemony

dominant culture being accepted by all.

Race-based job discrimination is illegal.

example of a norm

All people should have the chance to advance by "pulling themselves up by their bootstraps."

example of a value

example of gesture

frowning at someone

Most large retailers such as Target, H&M, and Old Navy carry similar clothing styles, and thus there is not extreme variation in what most Americans wear. Which sociological concept best explains this phenomenon?

hegemony

What is one of the main points of Horace Miner's article "Body Ritual among the Nacirema"?

it is easy to take one's own culture for granted

mores

laws that often include severe repercussions and public condemnation

folkway

loosely enforced norms involving common customs, practices, or procedures that ensure smooth social interaction and acceptance.

real culture is that

many people slip up and violate these norms, thus falling short of maintaining these values on occasion.

The slogan "What happens here, only happens here" is an example of what cultural concept?

moral holiday

Modern cultural imperialism is closely linked to the

proliferation of Western media.

Why is language not an example of cultural leveling

Although language is a part of culture, leveling would indicate that other cultures were changing their primary language to English (among other cultural changes)

example of ethnocentrism

An American believes that learning a second language is not worth the time because English is the superior language.

Example of cultural relativism

An American believes that other languages should be respected and valued equally to English.

Which of the following is an example of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

An indigenous people have no equivalent words for planet, Earth, or world. They do not view a macro picture of multiple planets.

Identify the true and false statements about culture.

Culture is handed down from generation to generation. Culture includes both material and nonmaterial elements. Culture acts as a lens through which individuals view the world.

Identify the assumptions underlying restroom restriction laws.

Gender emerges naturally from one's sex assigned at birth. Men represent more of a threat to others, with women the target of these threats.

Identify the commonalities between QAnon and Antifa.

Started at the underground or grassroots level. Proliferated online and through social media. Gained visibility and support through rallies and protests

Identify the examples of cultural leveling

The existence of Walmart, Starbucks, McDonald's and other chain stores in the vast majority of American towns. You can watch Game of Thrones in Uzbekistan.

example of folkway

a man paying for a $100 meal using only one-dollar bills

Any physical object that has social meaning can be considered

a part of material culture

QAnon

a set of conspiracy theories that claim, among other things, that America is run by a group of Satan-worshipping pedophiles and global sex traffickers who can only be stopped by Trump.

example of More

a woman walking down an American street with no shirt or bra on

We occasionally see stories in the media about a high-profile individual, such as a religious or political leader who gets caught doing something the society views as wrong, despite the individual often being seen as a moral leader.These are examples of a disconnect between which two cultural concepts?

ideal culture & real culture

Which of the following are examples of dominant culture in the United States?

music played on most radio stations

Why Valentine's isn't a moral holiday

no specific special activities that everyone does-- it is unique to each person celebrating

Signs, gestures, and language, as well as values and norms, are all part of

nonmaterial culture

define More

norms that carry great moral significance, are closely related to the core values of a cultural group, and often involve severe repercussions for violators.

Cultural diffusion

occurs when different groups share their material and nonmaterial culture with each other

Sanctions

positive or negative reactions to the ways that people follow or disobey norms, including rewards for conformity and punishments for violations.

example of value covid 19

respect for authority

Identify the elements that could be considered culture.

style of dress films historical artifacts

Material culture is associated with

tangible objects that have symbolic social meaning.

One of the most significant influences on any society is its material culture. And most changes in material culture tend to be technological.

television, internet, smartphones, virtual assistants

ethnocentrism

the belief that one's own culture or group is superior to others and the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own

conflict theory

values and norms are part of the dominant culture and tend to represent and protect the interests of the most powerful groups in society

symbolic functionalism

values and norms are social constructions that may vary over time and in different contexts; meaning is created, maintained, and changed through ongoing social interaction

structural interactionism

values and norms are widely shared and agreed upon; they contribute to social stability by reinforcing common bonds and constraining individual behavior.

Ideal culture suggests that

we be faithful to our spouses, engage in only limited alcohol use, and obey all traffic laws.