Sociology Ch. 9: Sex, gender, sexual orientation, sexuality

Intersexed

Someone whose body (including genitals) has both female and male characteristics; a person whose chromosomes and/or sex characteristics are not exclusively male or female

Social Learning theory

Suggests that babies and children learn behaviors and meanings through social interaction and internalize the expectations of those around them.

Patriarchy

System of male domination

Sex Binary

The classification of sex and gender into two distinct, opposite and disconnected forms of masculine and feminine.

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Bodily development, apart from the genitals, that distinguishes biologically mature females and males

Gender inequality

Can be found in all past and present societies

Sex as a Cultural Issue

Double standards for men and women, Biology does not dictate specific ways of being sexual

Glass Ceiling (Women)

Invisible barriers that constrain their promotion due to the gender biased attitudes of men in the higher positions

Instrumental Role

Men are more suited for this role: the person who provides the family's material support and is often an authority figure.

Primary Sex Characteristics

The genitals, organs used for reproductions

Sexual Orientation

The inclination to be heterosexual (attracted to the opposite sex), homosexual (attracted to the same sex), or bisexual (attracted to either sex).

Gender Role Socialization

The lifelong process of learning to be masculine or feminine, primarily through four main agents of socialization; families, school, peers

Gender

The physical, behavioral, and personality traits that a group considers "normal" for its male and female members.

Second Shift

The unpaid housework and child care often expected of women after they complete their day's paid labor

"Gendering"

We reinforce the concept of gender with by norms, socialization, sanctions/policing

Expressive Role

Women are more suited for this role: the person who provides the family's emotional support and nurturing.

Transgender

gender id and sense of self does not match their physical sex in ways that society sees as "normal"

Sex

An individual's membership in one of two biologically distinct categories--male or female.

Gender Expression

An individual's outward expressions and behaviors, tied to gender

Gender Identity

An individual's self definition or sense of gender

Homophobia

A fear of or discrimination toward homosexuals or toward individuals who display purportedly "gender-inappropriate" behavior

Drag Queen/King

A ma who dresses up in women's clothes and vise versa, typically for the purposes of entertainment

Transverite

A person, typically male, who derives pleasure from dressing in clothes appropriate to the opposite sex