Sociology Chapter 11 - The Family
family violence
A serious problem that causes major disruptions to family life.
one parent families
One parent families are usually female lead. One parent families result from disruptions to the family system. Single parents experience task overload and emotional overload.
kinship groups
Primary, secondary, and tertiary relationships.
functions of the family
Regulation of sexual activity, reproduction, socialization, economic security, and emotional security.
women and childbearing
Research has not shown that women working has any negative impact on children verses women staying at home.
family patterns
Residential, descent, and authority.
remarriage
Second and third marriages that result in the creation of step-families. These marriages often end in divorce.
courtship
Seeing someone with the explicit purpose of pursuing marriage.
sandwich generation
Situation that occurs when adults are forced to provide care for aging parents at the same time they are still raising children.
dual-earner families
Situation where both the spouses have jobs. This is now the norm in American society.
extended family
two or more adult generations of the same family whose members share economic resources and a common household; may also contain close relatives such as grandchildren, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins
division of responsibilities
When families must share work and home responsibilities to successfully meet the needs of the family.
economic security
Which important function of the family in traditional societies that is often taken over by the government in industrial societies?
Most Americans marry at least once in their lives.
Which is currently true regarding marriage in the United States?
marriage
a legal union based on mutual rights and obligations
monogamy
a marriage consisting of one man and one woman
boomerang kids
adult children who return to the home of origin or who continue to live with parents
egalitarian authority
family structure in which authority is evenly shared between the husband and wife
adolescents
youths from the ages of twelve to seventeen
voluntary childlesssness
Men and women deciding not to have children. These couples tend to have high levels of education and income.
heterogamy
marriage between people with differing social characteristics
endogamy
marriage within one's own group as required by social norm's
patrilocal
refers to the pattern in which married couples live with or near the husband's parents
matrilocal
refers to the pattern in which married couples live with or near the mother's parents
neolocal
refers to the pattern in which newly married couples set up their own households
polygamy
the marriage of a male or female to more than one person at a time
patriarchy
the pattern in which the oldest man living in the household has authority over the rest of his family members
homogamy
the tendency to marry someone similar to oneself
society is more tolerant of divorce.
Divorce is so common in the United States because _______
delayed childbearing
The result of women pursuing careers and having children later in life after the age of thirty.
matriarchy
the pattern in which the oldest woman living in the household has authority over all other family members
divorce
The legal ending of a marriage that causes several disruptions to a family.
descent patterns
Determines how kinship is traced and how property is passed down through the family.
disruptions in later life
Children leaving home and the death of a spouse are the main disruptions in later life. Women suffer economically with the loss of a male spouse. Children may move back home.
divorce disruptions
Children must live in two homes without support of a mother or father. Women suffer economic hardships. Men experience more anxiety and depression than women.
regulation of sexual activity
Family function that enforces incest taboos and rules for marriage.
socialization
Family function that ensures children learn the values, morals, and expectations of society.
reproduction
Family function that ensures the family has children to carry on family heritage.
emotional security
Family function that guides psychological development and provide a loving and caring environment.
economic security
Family function where the family is the basic economic unit and ensures a division of labor.
Polygamy
In general, this practice is limited t the wealthy few in a preindustrial society and serves to increase their status and prestige.
duel career families, one parent families and childless families.
In recent decades, the traditional family has been replaced by _________
Family and Medical Leave Act
Law that requires employers to provide leave for up to 12 weeks. Employees are allowed to have their job back after that leave.
family of procreation
The new nuclear family which consists of his or her spouse and their children.
family of orientation
The nuclear family into which the person is born or adopted.
kinship
This refers to a network of people related by marriage, birth, or adoption.
dual-earner marriages
Two income families. 63% of married women are working outside of the home.
a woman in 1950
Who would have been more likely to have married young?
blended family
a family formed when at least one of the partners in a marriage has been married before and has a child or children from a previous marriage
family
a group of people related by marriage, blood, or adoption and who often live together and share economic resources
cohabitation
a marriage like living arrangement without the legal obligations and responsibilities of formal marriage
incest taboo
a norm forbidding marriage between close relatives
bilateral descent
descent and inheritance are passed equally through both parents
matrilinial descent
descent and inheritance is passed through the female line
patrilineal descent
descent and inheritance is passed through the male line
nuclear family
family structure composed of one or both parents and their children