Sociology Midterm

____ gave sociology its name and emphasized that the field should use ______ to understand society .

Auguste Comte; the scientific method

According to _____, the primary purpose of sociology is examining social facts

Emile Durkheim

Social evolution explores how individuals and societies change over time

False

Lucy wanted to gather inside information on how volunteers at a social welfare center assist children with special needs and carter to their problems. To learn more about this, Lucy spent over six months at the center, gathering systematic data based on what she saw while being part of the activities of the group. In this scenario, Lucy used ______ as a method of gathering data

Participant Observation

How do functionalists view disorganization within society

They believe it must result in change to reestablish equilibrium in society.

In a hypothesis , the researcher presumes the ______ depend on the independent variable.

dependent variable

Matt notices julie laughing in the school hallway with a friend. He knows that julie must be feeling happy or joyful. In this scenario, Matt is using Max Weber's _____ to deduce that julie is happy

direct observational understanding

According to conflict theorists, social order in society is maintained by

domination by the powerful

Conventional experiment require that subject be divided into two groups: a control group which comprises the subject who are exposed to the independent variable, and an experimental which comprises subjects who are not exposed to the independent variable.

false

From Durkheim's perspective, society comprises unrelated, independent parts that contribute to a stable social order

false

Structured interviews have a fixed set of topics to address and questions to use, whereas unstructured interviews have no fixed questions or even topics, and allow research participants to talk about whatever they want

false

The sociological imagination emphasizes the connection between individual differences and commonalities.

false

Martha, a sociologist, is conducting a study on terrorism. Instead of examining social structures such as family, education, religion, and government to evaluate their roles in advancing terrorism, martha is studying small groups of people comprising the family members of various terrorists. In this case, martha is conducting a _____

micro level analysis

Weber posited that an understanding of society requires a "subjective" understanding of behavior. Such understanding is known as

verstehen

Simone, a researcher, wants to determine the prevalence of sexism in elementary school textbooks. She studies five textbooks each of public schools and private schools and looks for regular patterns, such as the frequency of the masculine pronoun "he" in examples and the use of stereotypical scenarios. In this context, Simone is using ______. for her study.

Content Analysis

In an experiment, the _________ contains the subjects who are exposed to an independent variable to study its effect on them

Experimental group

before obtaining a sample, reseachers decided whether to use _____ sampling methods

Probability or nonprobability

According to Weber, sociological research should be used to promote political beliefs

True

According to Karl Marx, History is series of

class struggles between capitalists and workers

The conflict perspective emphasizes the role of _____ as essential for progress to occur in society.

conflict and uprising

sociological perspective that views power struggles as the source of social change is

conflict theory

Megan, a black adolescent girl living in the united states, is going through the identity conflict of being black and an american. Sociologist Du Bois would term this conflict __________.

double-consciousness

When sociologists discuss how social inequities identified by sociological research contribute to the the radicalization if terrorists, they are best described as using sociological research to

explain why people behave irrationally

Conflict theorists see disagreement and the resulting changes in society as destructive to social order and as needing to be prevented when possible.

false

According to Emile Durkheim, troubles are the result of personal shortcomings

fasle

According to Karl Marx, capitalism

is built on the exploitation of workers

According to Durkheim, during an economic crisis

people will blame marginalized groups, like immigrants, for taking their jobs.

Emile Durkheim refused to accept that suicide is merely a

personal trouble

Sociologists who are interested in examining social interaction as it occurs primarily used participant observation

true