Solubility Basics

What is a saturate solution?

A saturated solution is one in which the dissolved solute is in equilibrium with the undissolved solute.

What is an unsaturated solution?

An unsaturated solution contains less solute than a saturated solution. No equilibrium is present.

What occurs at the same rate (satisfying dynamic equilibrium)?

Dissolution (dissolving) and precipitation are occurring at the same rate

When is the substance said to be insoluble?

If less than 0.1 g dissolves in 100 mL solvent

When is a substance said to be soluble?

If more than 0.1 g of that substance dissolves in 100 mL solvent.

What is immiscible & give an example?

Immiscible and insoluble mean the same; oil is immiscible with water

What factors affect solubility?

Temperature, pressure, polarity, pressure & molecular size

What happens when additional solute is added to a saturated solution?

The amount of dissolved solute does not increase, because the limit of solubility has already been reached. Adding more solute to a saturated solution simply increases the amount of undissolved solute.

What is the solubility of a substance?

The amount of that substance that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent.

How is the saturated solution of an ionic compound different from a covalent compound?

The ionic compound dissolves and exists in solutions as ions; the covalent compound dissolves and exists in solutions as molecules.

How does temperature affect solubility?

The solubilities of solids and liquids usually increase as the temperature increases, but the solubilities of gases decrease with increasing temperature.

When additional solute is added to an unsaturated solution, what happens?

It dissolves

What does miscible mean & provide an example?

Soluble without limits; for example, alcohol is miscible with water