Speech Final

The purpose of a(n) ____________ speech is to pay tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea.

Commemorative

Which of the following does your textbook discuss as major factors in demographic audience analysis?

Gender, age, group membership, and sexual orientation

The major traits of a good acceptance speech are brevity, humility, and ____________.

Graciousness

A speaker's credibility is affected above all by how the audience regards the speaker's

competence and character

The primary aim of an informative speech is to

convey knowledge/info

____________ is the audience's perception of how qualified a speaker is to speak on a given topic

credibility

The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are

statistics, examples, and testimony

Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are followed by ____________ that show the examples are typical.

stats

No matter what kind of evidence you employ, it will be more persuasive if you state it in specific rather than general terms.

true

Of all the kinds of speeches, perhaps none depends more on the creative and subtle use of language than does the commemorative speech.

true

Presenting a speech online alters almost every aspect of public speaking

true

Research shows that speakers in the United States who fail to establish eye contact may be seen by listeners as insincere or even dishonest.

true

The fallacy of false cause is often known by its Latin name, post hoc, ergo propter hoc.

true

The impact of an extended example often depends as much on the speaker's delivery as on the content of the example.

true

The more you assume your listeners know about the topic of your informative speech, the more you run the risk of being misunderstood.

true

The most important task in preparing to conduct a research interview is deciding what questions to ask during the interview.

true

You should never cite an article in your speech on the basis of the abstract alone.

true

When gauging your audience's disposition toward the speech topic, you should take into account their

-Knowledge, attitude, interest

When using statistics in a speech, you should

-Round off complicated statistics. -Identify the sources of your statistics. -Use statistics sparingly.

Under normal circumstances, a speech of introduction should be no more than ____________ minutes long

2/3 minutes long

When using statistics in a speech, you should (3 answers)

A) round off complicated statistics. B) identify the sources of your statistics. C) use statistics sparingly.

Adapting your message to the needs of a particular audience means that you must inevitably compromise your beliefs. True or false?

False

One key to successful speaking is to determine which audiences are worthy of your best efforts to communicate your ideas.

False

Taking account of your listeners' racial, ethnic, or cultural background is an important factor in situational audience analysis. True or false?

False

____________ is a five-step method of speech organization that follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to a desired action.

Monroe's motivated sequence

The main purpose of a speech of presentation is to

Present a gift or an award

Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the need issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy?

Tanning beds can cause serious medical problems, including eye burns, blood vessel injuries, and skin cancer.

According to your textbook, which of the following is a factor in situational audience analysis?

The size of the audience

As a general rule, the larger your audience is, the more formal your speech presentation should be. True or false?

True

Which of the following is an instance of informative speaking?

a counselor explaining the stages of grieving to people who have recently lost loved ones

Which of the following is an example of a commemorative speech?

a. a eulogy at a funeral praising the life and accomplishments of the deceased b. an address at the site of the World Trade Center praising the people who lost their lives on September 11, 2001 c. a speech at a new elementary school praising the work of the woman for whom the school is named

The ____________ lists all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library.

catalog

When giving a speech of presentation, you should usually

a. tell why the recipient is receiving the award. b. explain the purpose and criteria for the award c. limit your remarks to four or five minute

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Because the crime-reduction policy I propose has worked successfully in New York, Houston, and New Orleans, we can be confident that it will work here as well.

analogical reasoning

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Because the crime-reduction policy I propose has worked successfully in New York, Houston, and New Orleans, we can be confident that it will work here as well.

analogical reasoning

Audience-centeredness involves keeping your audience foremost in mind

at every step of speech preparation and presentation.

Mayor Kathleen Baldwin has been asked to address the Wakefield Community Association about the issue of constructing a swimming pool in the neighborhood. The most important factor Baldwin should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

attitude toward topic

Most library catalogues allow you to search for books by

author, title, keyword

To restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words is to

paraphrase

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? As we have seen, the trend is for companies to reduce long-term research and development costs in order to increase short-term profits. Since so many companies are doing this, it must make good business sense.

bandwagon

____________ are used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.

call numbers

If you need information about a specific person, you should consult a ____________ such as Who's Who, Dictionary of Hispanic Biography, or Contemporary Black Biography.

biographical aid

A(n) ____________ example is a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

brief

___________ is a variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary.

dialect

According to your textbook, the tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being is called

egocentrism

One of the advantages of using the extemporaneous method of delivery is that it

encourages conversational quality.

The name of the main speaker should usually be stated at the ____________ of a speech of introduction.

end

Strong evidence can

enhance a speaker's credibility. increase the persuasiveness of a speech. inoculate listeners against counter-persuasion.

____________ is the name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as credibility.

ethos

A(n) ____________ is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

example

According to your textbook, what type of supporting material would you be using if you quoted Yale physicist Daniel Timbie on the compatibility of the big bang theory with religious philosophies?

expert testimony

According to your textbook, a(n) ____________ example is a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

extended

A(n) ____________ speech is a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes.

exter...

"To persuade my audience that eating yogurt prolongs human life" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ____________.

fact

"Pathos" is the word Aristotle used to refer to a speaker's logical appeal.

false

"To persuade my audience to become regular blood donors" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech seeking passive agreement.

false

A persuasive speech on a question of fact is essentially the same as an informative speech.

false

After conducting a research interview, you should wait a few days to review and transcribe your notes.

false

Because a speech of introduction focuses on the main speaker, there is little need to adapt to the audience.

false

Because of the dynamic nature of the online environment, speakers can rest assured that the audience will pay close attention to their online speech.

false

Even if you can't identify the author or sponsoring organization for an Internet document, you can still use the document in your speech as long as it is up to date.

false

Evidence is more likely to be persuasive if it is familiar to the audience.

false

If you need information from a newspaper such as The New York Times, you have little alternative to thumbing through back issues of the paper until you find what you need.

false

In most cases, statistics speak for themselves and do not require a lot of explanation when used in a speech.

false

In persuasive speaking, it is usually appropriate to substitute emotional appeals for evidence and reasoning.

false

It is usually most effective to keep your ideas impersonal when giving an informative speech.

false

Listeners usually find generalizations more interesting and convincing than specific statements.

false

Reasoning from principle involves moving from a specific principle to a general conclusion.

false

The best rate for effective public speaking is 110 words per minute.

false

The main purpose of using statistics in a speech is to make the speech more vivid.

false

The primary rule of using gestures in a speech is to gesture frequently and emphatically so that listeners notice what you are doing.

false

The purpose of a speech of introduction is to reveal the major points that will be made by the main speaker.

false

When taking research notes, you should only write down information that you know you will use in your speech.

false

You should usually avoid using detailed examples because they will bore your audience.

false

Your textbook recommends using abstractions as a way to clarify ideas in an informative speech.

false

What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? I usually eat spaghetti for dinner the day before an exam, but I ran out of spaghetti the night before the calculus final. That's why I got a C.

false cause

The primary purpose of speech making is to

gain a desired response from listeners.

What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? I watched a Taiwanese film in class last week, and it was extremely violent. When I mentioned this to my friend, she said that she, too, had seen a violent Taiwanese film. Apparently, all Taiwanese films are violent.

hasty generalization

A(n) ____________ speech is delivered with little or no immediate preparation.

improptu

____________ are changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice.

inflections

Whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to

justify your value judgment against a set of standards or criteria.

Dr. Kristin Lutz is preparing an informative talk about the genetic relationship between twins for a group of expectant parents. The most important factor Dr. Lutz should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

knowledge of topic

When giving a speech of introduction, you should

make sure your remarks about the main speaker are completely accurate

When accuracy is essential and a speech must be delivered word for word, ____________ delivery is most appropriate.

manuscript

The ____________ is the number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers

mode

Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. What are they?

need, plan, and practicality

"Do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in U.S. schools?" is an example of a(n) ____________ question.

open-ended

In a persuasive speech to gain ____________, the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy.

passive agreement

According to your textbook, if you quoted your sixteen-year-old niece on the impact of media violence on high-school students, you would be using ____________ testimony.

peer

If you want to find journal or magazine articles on your speech topic, you should consult a(n)

periodical database

As your textbook explains, when preparing an informative speech, you should

personalize your ideas, relate the subject directly to your audience, and avoid abstractions

A question of ____________ deals with whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken.

policy

A ____________ is a list, compiled early in the research process, of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

preliminary bibliography

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? How can we be so concerned about ethics in political campaigns when there are serious problems in the long-term stability of Social Security?

red herring

Which of the following is the third step in Monroe's motivated sequence?

satisfaction

Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers are called ____________ questions.

scale

Three kinds of search aids discussed in the chapter for finding documents on the Internet are

search engines, virtual libraries, and government resources

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? Once we accept money from soft-drink companies for exclusive rights to sell their products in our high schools, it won't be long until businesses are deciding what courses should be taught and what teachers should be hired.

slippery slope

If your specific purpose statement were "To inform my audience about the major land regions in Spain," you would probably organize your speech in

spatial

If there is no clearly identified author for a document on the Internet, you should try to determine the ____________ that is responsible for the document.

sponsoring organization

The most important question to ask when assessing analogical reasoning is whether

the two cases being compared are essentially alike

"Conversational quality" refers to speech delivery that sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed.

true

"To persuade my audience that Congress should revise the laws governing medical malpractice" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of policy.

true

A hypothetical example is an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation.

true

An informative speech about a process explains a systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product.

true

Emotional appeal is often necessary when a speaker is trying to move an audience to action.

true

Examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech.

true

Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for speeches that seek immediate action.

true

Because gestures are magnified dramatically when speaking into a webcam, the textbook recommends that you

use well-planned and deliberate hand gestures.

"To persuade my audience that discrimination on the basis of marital status is unfair" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ___________.

value