Speech midterm

specific purpose statement.

"To persuade my audience that the U.S. space program provides many important benefits to people here on earth" is an example of a(n)

when gauging your audience's disposition toward the speech topic, you should take into account their _____

-interest in the topic -knowledge about the topic -attitude toward the topic

What steps should you take when rehearsing your first speech?

1. Rehearse out loud 2. Ask family or friends to listen and to give constructive feedback 3. Time your speech 4. Keep practicing even if you mess up

What five elements of speech delivery are discussed in this chapter with regard to presenting your first speech?

1. Starting your speech 2. Gestures 3. Eye contact 4. Voice 5. Dealing with nerves

preview statement

A ____________identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech.

dissolve

A ___________ending is a type of speech conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement.

Interference

According to your textbook, ______ is anything that impedes the communication of a message.

false

Although the specific purpose statement for a speech should not be phrased as a question, it is acceptable to phrase the central idea as a question.

Which of the following is included in your textbook as a guideline for effective online speaking?

Control the visual environment. Adapt your nonverbal communication. Adjust your pacing.

T or F: adapting your message to the needs of a particular audience means that you must inevitably compromise your beliefs

F

T or F: one key to successful speaking is determining which audiences are worthy of your best efforts to communicate your ideas

F

T or F: taking account of your listeners' racial, ethnic, or cultural background is an important factor in situational audience analysis

F

In an online speech you have essentially the same relationship with your audience as in an in-person speech.

False

__________are discussed in your textbook as elements of the visual environment for online speeches.

Framing, eye contact, and lighting

it's too vague

Identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: "Something should be done about rising sea levels."

It contains two unrelated ideas.

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "To persuade my audience that our state legislature should protect Internet privacy and increase spending for education."

It's expressed as a question.

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "Why should the university raise tuition?"

When organizing your introductory speech, you should divide it into what three sections?

Regardless of your topic, you should organize your introductory speech into three parts—introduction, body, and conclusion.

What should public speakers do to avoid ethnocentrism?

Show respect for the cultures of the people they address.

T or F: as a general rule, the larger your audience is, the more formal your speech presentation should be

T

central idea

The ____________Blank is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech.

specific purpose statement

The ____________Blank is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech.

residual message

The ____________is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech.

true

The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence.

false

The central idea of a speech is usually formulated before the specific purpose.

What method of delivery does this chapter recommend for your introductory speech?

The chapter recommends the extemporaneous method of speech delivery for your introductory speech.

What two major steps are discussed in this chapter for developing your introductory speech?

The two major steps discussed in this chapter for developing your introductory speech are preparing your speech and delivering your speech.

Presenting a speech online is more challenging and time-consuming than delivering an in-person speech.

True

it's size

What is a major factor to consider when deciding whether to use an object as a visual aid?

Sojourner Truth was born into slavery, underwent a conversion experience, and became a speaker for various reform causes.

What is the central idea of a speech with the following main points?I. Isabel Baumfree was born into slavery in the state of New York during the 1790s.II. After undergoing a conversion experience and changing her name to Sojourner Truth, she began preaching during the 1840s.III. Over the next few decades, she became a celebrated speaker for various reform causes.

persuade

When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to ____________

inform

When your general purpose is to ____________Blank, you act as a teacher or lecturer.

Which recommendation is a way to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?

Work especially hard on your speech introduction.

A preparation outline should include

a specific purpose statement a central idea connectives

Dolores is preparing visual aids for her speech about resources available to the Latino/Latina community and has decided to use a handout. When should she distribute it?

after the speech

audience-centeredness involves keeping your audience foremost in mind _____

at every step of speech presentation and presentation

Mayor Kathleen Baldwin has been asked to address the Wakefield Community Association about the issue of constructing a swimming pool in the neighborhood. The most important factor Baldwin should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its _____

attitude toward the topic

A ____________ is a list of the sources used in preparing a speech.

bibliography

A preparation outline should include

bibliography

Controlling the visual environment of an online speech includes

choosing a setting that is free of noise and clutter. checking the location of your webcam. taking your personal appearance seriously.

Positive nervousness

controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for her or his presentation

___ is the audience's perception of whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.

credibility

When a speaker uses a ____________ ending, the speech builds in force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity.

crescendoCorrect

If you were giving an informative speech on the subject of troglodytes, you would probably include a ____________ in your introduction.

definition

according to your textbook, the tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being is called _____

egocentrism

When you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to ___________ in the introduction of your speech.

establish goodwill toward the audience

According to your textbook, online speakers should avoid using visual aids.

false

Audience analysis is less important for online speeches than for speeches delivered to an audience that is physically present.

false

Because of the dynamic nature of the online environment, speakers can rest assured that the audience will pay close attention to their online speech.

false

In a preparation outline, you should state your main points in brief phrases.

false

It is crucial to fit all the information you want your audience to retain on a single chart. Group starts

false

Listeners usually realize how tense a speaker is.

false

One advantage of using video in a speech is that it involves less work than other kinds of visual aids. Group starts

false

The conclusion should normally make up about 20 to 25 percent of your speech.

false

When giving an online presentation, you should speak with your back to a window so there will be plenty of light.

false

When giving an online speech, you should talk directly into the computer monitor because that is where the webcam is located.

false

When preparing a visual aid, you should use ALL CAPS because it is easier to read.

false

When preparing charts and graphs, you should use a large number of colors in order to grab your audience's attention.

false

When selecting a title for your speech, you should avoid phrasing it as a question

false

When you give a real-time online speech, you should position the webcam so it is tilted up at your face.

false

the messages, usually non verbal, sent from a listener to a speaker is called

feedback

While listening to a speech about gun control, Scott thought back to his experiences as an intern with the police department and decided that the speaker was knowledgeable about the subject. What was Scott doing?

filtering the message through his frame of reference

"do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in US school?" is an example of a(n) ____ question

fixed-alternative

"do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in US schools?" is an example of a(n) _____ question

fixed-alternative

the primary purpose of speechmaking is to _____

gain a desired response from listeners

When using presentation technology, you should

give yourself extra time for preparation and rehearsal. check the equipment ahead of time to make sure it is working properly. -make sure your text and images are easy for everyone in your audience to see.

_________ is the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind.

goodwill

Brainstorming

is a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas.

Visualization

is mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation.

Ethnocentrism

is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

Dr. Kristin Lutz is preparing an informative talk about the genetic relationship between twins for a group of expectant parents. The most important factor Dr. Lutz should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its _____

knowledge of the topic

If you were delivering a speech about unemployment and wanted to show changes in the unemployment rate over the last decade, you should use a ____________.

line graph

A direct appeal to your audience for action is most appropriate in the conclusion of a(n) ___________speech.

persuasive

A _______ outline is a detailed outline developed during the planning stage of a speech.

preparation

The ___________ is usually the last element of a speech introduction and provides a smooth lead-in to the body of the speech.

preview statement

A ___________online speech is created for an audience that will view it online as it is being delivered, often using software designed specifically for that purpose.

real-time

A __________online speech may be viewed initially by an in-person audience, but it is designed ultimately to be uploaded for viewing on the Internet—as, for example, in a TED Talk.

recorded

An excellent way to give your speech psychological unity is to conclude by

referring to ideas in the introduction.

As your textbook explains, even when you use other interest-arousing lures in a speech introduction, you should always ____________

relate the topic to the audience

A ___________ is a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud.

rhetorical

questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers are called _____ questions

scale

If you want to use a photograph as a visual aid for a speech, your textbook recommends that you

show the photograph to the audience by using presentation technology.

Possible sources of interference in online speeches include

someone entering the room where the audience is located. bandwidth congestion on the audience's computers. updates arriving on your computer during the speech.

A __________ outline is a brief outline used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech.

speaking

frame of reference

the knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's

according to your textbook, which of the following is a factor in situational audience analysis

the size of the audience

A pie graph should ideally have from two to five segments. Group starts

true

Because each person has a different frame of reference, a message will never have exactly the same meaning to a listener as to a speaker.

true

Even if the audience already knows your speech topic, you should usually restate it clearly and concisely at some point in the introduction.

true

Even though the Internet is often informal, you should dress as professionally for an online speech as for an in-person one.

true

In a preparation outline, the most important ideas are placed farthest to the left and the less important ideas are placed progressively farther to the right.

true

One of the challenges facing real-time online speakers is that they must learn a software program designed for such speeches—and be able to operate it flawlessly during the speech.

true

Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases.

true

Usually you should use only two fonts on any single presentation technology slide—one for the title or major headings, another for subtitles or other text.

true

When delivering a speech, you should display visual aids only while discussing them.

true

You should usually work out the exact wording of the introduction after you have finished preparing the body of your speech.

true

For real-time online speeches, you should usually sit

two to four feet from the camera, so the audience can see you from the chest up.

The __________refers to the onscreen elements seen by the audience during an online speech.

visual environment

The pattern of symbolization and indentation in a speech outline shows the ____ of the speech.

visual framework

chart

which is a visual aid that summarizes a large block of information, usually in list form.