SRA 111 Lesson 7 PSU Glantz

IP address

A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet.

Circuit/Packet Switching,

Circuit/Packet switching: Circuit switching provides dedicated point to point connection. This analog structure served as the infrastructure to the first internet (think "circuit" board operators providing a private line to connect devices). Packet switching breaks transmissions into messages (or packets, frames). When a packet arrives at a router, the router must decide the best of several routes to utilize for each packet (instead of one designated route like in the analog circuit switching case).

Packet Datagram (header, data)

Each router computes the checksum and discards corrupt packets. A datagram contains a header and a payload (with the data to be communicated). In UDP, the header contains source port number and a destination port number.

IPv4 and IPv6

Internet Protocol address standard used has been IPv4(version 4) which has the format of four numbers between 0 and 255 separated by a period. IPv6 (version 6) is formatted as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits. IPv6 was created because we are running out of IPv4 addresses

DNS (Domain Name Servers)

are the Internet's equivalent of a phone book. They maintain a directory of domain names and translate them to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses.

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection)

is a reference model for how applications communicate over a network. A reference model is a conceptual framework for understanding relationships.

TCP/ IP (transport control protocol/ Internet protocol)

is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet. TCP/IP can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (an intranet or an extranet).