Stereotyping and Prejudice, PT. 1

How do stereotypes conserve cognitive resources?

use stereotypes as snap judgments of people more efficient than constant effortful processing speed/accuracy tradeoff may ignore info that doesn't fit the stereotype illusory correlation

What happens if an egalitarian cannot find a "disguise" for discriminatory action? What happens if they can find one?

their response will conform with their egalitarian view modern racist prejudices will emerge

Why are theories of contemporary prejudice important?

they track society's progress on how marginalized groups are being treated they uncover subtle forms of prejudice that still exist and need to be combated

What is benevolent sexism?

a chivalrous ideology marked by protectiveness and affection toward women who embrace conventional roles

How do stereotype beliefs develop?

learning from others social interaction culture

What did the Shooter bias show?

participants were significantly more likely to shoot Black targets, armed or not, when time was short participants were significantly more likely to not shoot White targets, armed or not, when time was short participants made accurate "shoot" decisions for Black targets more quickly than for White targets, and vice versa results held true regardless of participant race

What are warmth and competence appraisals?

perceptions of each influence how group is perceived warmth comes from presence/absence of competition competence comes from group's social status

How do race and stereotyping interact?

physical features associated with a given race cue stereotypes for that race, even if target isn't member of that race appearance influences judgment of target "doll study" shooter bias

What is high warmth, low competence?

pitied ie. elderly

What is modern racism?

prejudice directed at racial groups that exists alongside the rejection of explicitly racist beliefs

What were the questions asked in the Doll Study?

"Give me the doll you like best." "Give me the doll that is the nice doll." "Give me the doll that looks bad." "Give me the doll that is a nice color." "Give me the doll that looks like you."

What is the Shooter bias?

Correll, Park, Judd, & Wittenbrink, 2002 presented images of White or Black targets holding a gun or cell phone/wallet "shoot" or "don't shoot" decision

What is prejudice?

*affect* (evaluations/emotions) toward people based on their membership in a social group occurs when the stereotype is endorsed

What is discrimination?

*behavior* toward people based on their membership in a social group action driven by prejudicial feelings or activation of stereotype

What is stereotyping?

*cognition* about a social group a collection of information on traits, qualities, etc.

What did Kiri Davis' replication (2006) of the Clarks' task show?

71% of sample chose the White doll

What is the Doll Study (1950)?

Mamie and Kenneth Clark surveyed color preferences of Black schoolchildren children shown a Black doll and a White doll asked questions

What is the realistic group conflict theory?

a theory that group conflict, prejudice, and discrimination are likely to arise over competition between groups for limited resources ie. money, ideology, cultural supremacy

What is high warmth, high competence?

admired

What is benevolent racism?

an ideology that rewards minorities for conforming to the status quo

What is an ingroup?

any group to which you belong tend to view ingroup members as distinct and complex "we"

What is an outgroup?

any group to which you do not belong tend to view outgroup members as homogenous "they"

What is low warmth, low competence?

despised ie. homeless

What is hostile sexism?

dislike of nontraditional women and those viewed as usurping men's power

What is low warmth, high competence?

envied (we don't like, but we respect)

What did the Doll Study show?

for the positive questions, 60% chose the White doll, 20% chose the Black doll, 15% gave ambiguous response reasons for doll selection focused on doll's skin color

How are stereotypes schemas?

generalization collections of qualities and expectations associated with groups affects our default understanding of and explanations for group member's behavior

What is ethnocentrism?

glorifying one's own group while vilifying other groups

What does stereotyping begin with?

social categorization forming categories of people based on common attributes ingroup outgroup

What does the realistic group conflict theory predict?

that prejudice and discrimination should be strongest among groups who stand to lose the most from another group's economic advance