Straighterline A&P 1 Cumulative Final

An organic molecule such as a vitamin that makes an enzyme functional is called a/an

coenzyme

The inguinal region is commonly known as the

Groin

An increase in the number of cells is

Growth

An organ is

a structure composed of several tissue types

Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the

activity of the enzyme tyrosinase

a biaxial joint has movement

around two axes at right angles to one another

How do most water-soluble hormones travel in the bloodstream?

as free hormones

A neuroglial cell that is a major component of the blood-brain barrier is the

astrocyte

Chromosomes that are NOT associated with sex determination are known as

autosomes

The sternum is part of the

axial skeleton

A passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteon is a

canaliculus

What type of gene expression are ABO blood types and example of?

codominance

Physiological contracture

is a condition in which cross-bridges cannot release

The pelvic diaphragm is formed by the

levator ani and coccygeus muscles

A synchondrosis

may be temporary

Toward the midline of the body is

median

The motor neurons responsible for making a fist are

multipolar

Acetylcholine will cause the pupil of the eye to constrict. A drug acts on receptors of acetylcholine to cause the pupils of the eye to dilate. Nicotine does not bind to receptors in smooth muscle cells of the iris. Therefore, the drug which causes the pupils to dilate is a

muscarinic blocking agent

What type of covalent bond is formed between amino acid molecules during protein synthesis?

peptide bond

The covering of the outer surface of bone is the

periosteum

All of the following processes can move substances out of a cell EXCEPT

phagocytosis

What type of hormone-receptor action allows insulin to move glucose into cells

phosphorylation of intracellular proteins

The correct pathway from impulses leaving the retina is

photorecepotrs, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, and optic nerve

Eicosanoids

play a role in the response of tissues to injuries

A mutation involving a single nucleotide is a _______ mutation

point

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in the body?

protection

Which of the following organic groups does hemoglobin belong to?

protein

Magnetic resonance imaging is based on the movement of

protons in a magnetic field

The opposite of retraction is

protraction

The function of a bursa is to

provide a fluid filled cushion that reduces friction

Microtubules

provide structure and support of the cytoplasm

The shoulder is _______ to the elbow

proximal

Flexion of the thigh is a movement produced by the

psoas major and iliacus

Which of the following definitions best describes the timbre of sounds?

resonance quality

Turning a structure around its longitudinal axis is called

rotation

Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone resorption called

ruffled borders

The amount of body area involved with a burn is determined by the

rules of nines

In which layer of the epidermis are granules of keratohyalin formed?

stratum granulosum

Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly is called

supination

Concentric contractions occur when

the muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens

Which of the following terms does NOT relate to the mitochondria

vitamin A storage

This condition involves the development of white patches on the skin caused by the loss of melanocytes

vitiligo

A gland with branching ducts that end in acini would be classified as

compound acinar

Electrolytes are substances that

conduct electricity when dissolved in water

Lipid-soluble hormones can be more easily excreted once they have water-soluble molecules added to their structure in a process called

conjugation

A general characteristic of connective tissue is that it

consists of cells with much intercellular material (matrix) between them

A proper definition of muscle tone is

constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time

The middle portion of the primary motor area

contains motor neurons for arms and forearms

Upper motor neurons

control skeletal muscles

A primary function of the cerebellum is to

coordinate movement

What is the large C-shaped mass of white matter that consists of nerve fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres?

corpus callosum

What type of connective tissue is found in the walls of large arteries?

dense irregular elastic tissue

Stretch marks develop on the abdomen of pregnant women because of stretching and rupture of the

dermis

The pyramids of the medulla contain

descending motor tracts

Which of the following activities would represent a physiological study?

determining normal blood sugar levels for 20-year-old students

An X-ray determines that Peter fractured the shaft of his humerus. The break is in the _____________ of the bone

diaphysis

Damage to the muscle called the levator ani would result in

difficult defecation and decreased support for the pelvic viscera

When acetylcholine binds with nicotinic receptors, the response is

excitatory

a joint that has no joint cavity and exhibits little or no movement would be classified as a

fibrous joint

The lateral malleolus is part of the

fibula

The opposite of extension is

flexion

Melanoma can be detected early and treated with the application of a special rule. Which of the following is NOT a test used to determine if a mole is cancerous?

freckles

structures that function in intercellular communication are

gap junctions

The largest buttocks muscle is the

gluteus maximus

What inhibitory neurotransmitter is blocked in strychnine poisoning?

glycine

A delicate connective tissue composed of fibroblasts, collagen, and capillaries is called

granulation tissue

A bone fracture generally found in cildren that is incomplete is a(an)

greenstick fracture

Which of the following characteristics is NOT consistent with simple squamous epithelial tissue?

has good blood supply within it

Axons

have a distal portion that branches to form the presynaptic termials

Rapid changes in altitude can rupture the eardrum. Symptoms that may occur include

hearing impairment

Hormones are intercellular chemical signals that

help coordinate growth, development, and reporduction

What genetic disorder is the failure to produce clotting factors?

hemophillia

What term means that both alleles are different?

heterozygous

Which of the following is mismatched?

hip joint- cruciate ligaments

The study of tissues is

histology

The popliteal region is the

hollow behind the knee

Chromosome pairs are called

homologous pairs

What term means that both alleles are the same?

homozygous

The genotype WW is best described as

homozygous dominant

Inferior

Pointing towards the feet (down)

Genes on the X chromomes are

X-linked

Given the following list of organic molecules, which includes hormones? 1) nucleic acid derivatives 2) polypeptides 3) steroids 4)proteins

2,3,4

An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have

20 Neutrons

Organize the following structural levels of the human body from simplest to most complex. (1) Cell (2) tissue (3) chemical (4) organ system (5) organ

3,1,2,5,4

Arrange the following to reflect the correct sequence an action potential would follow to reach the olfactory cortex of the brain: (1) olfactory bulb (2) olfactory cortex (3) olfactory epithelium (4) olfactory tract

3,1,4,2

In humans, somatic cells have __________ chromosomes, while reproductive cells (gametes) have ____________.

46; 23

The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and mysin myofilaments is called the

A band

An organelle is

A small structure within a cell

Which of the following is most similar to the negative feedback mechanism in human physiology?

A toilet tank refills itself after a flush

Which of the following chemical reactions best represents the decomposition of ATP?

ATP+H2O->P1+energy

Which type of transport proteins use cell energy to move molecules across the plasma membrane?

ATP-powered pumps

The nervous system

All of these choice are correct: monitors internal and external stimuil transmits information in the form of action potentials interprets or assesses information maintains homeostasis

Mitochondria

All of these choices are correct: contains DNA Have inner and outer membranes have inner folds called cristae are the cell's power plants

Portions of pre-mRNA that do NOT code for parts of a protein are called

All of these except exons do not code for parts of a protein introns start codons stop codons

Which of the following factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions?

All of these factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions a. temp b. concentration of reactants c. presence of catalysts d. presence of enzymes

A different form of an allele at a particular locus that can have no effect to major effects on the phenotype is a(n)

Allelic varient

What type of tissue covers the ends of long bones?

Articular cartilage

Which of the following is consistent with homeostasis?

As body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body

Deep means

Away from the surface

When the arrector pili muscles contract

B. "goose bumps" form on the skin

Which of the following types of openings in the skeletal system does a "sinus" describe?

Cavity

Which pattern of hormone secretion, exemplified by thyroid hormones, remains relatively constant over long periods of time?

Chronic hormone secretion

The flexion of the elbow represents a

Class III lever system

Which of the following components of the bone matrix, when removed, allows the bone to be easily shattered?

Collagen

What genetic disorder is caused by having three chromosomes 21

Down Syndrome

Which of the following types of joints is mismatched with its location?

Ellipsoid- between femur and tibia

Which of the following statements concerning epithelial cell surfaces is false?

Epithelium with folded surfaces tends to be very rigid

What molecule is activated from the binding of an odorantto transmembranous receptor molecules on olfactory hairs

G protein

Which of the following is a regulatory protein associated with membrane-bound receptor molecules?

G protein

If acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptors

G proteins mediate the cell's response

When norepinephrine binds to adrenergic receptors

G proteins mediate the cell's response

Which of the following statements concerning types of muscle contractions is false?

In isometric contractions, the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant

Identify the statement concerning skeletal muscle that is true

It is responsible for locomotion

In hyperpolarization

K+ ions tend to diffuse of the the cell

Which of the following skin changes is usually associated with aging?

Loss of subcutaneous tissue contributes to the sagging of skin

Which class of chemical messengers is secreted by neurons into synaptic clefts to activate an adjacent cell?

Neurotransmitter

During DNA replication, how does each template strand eventually become two identical DNA molecules?

One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase

Which of the following processes generates the most ATP within a human cell?

Oxidative phosphorylation

Which sentence best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction?

Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract

Schwann cells differ from oligodendrocytes in which of the following ways?

Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons

Which body system would be affected by degeneration of cartilage in joints?

Skeletal

Which of the following is the most widely distributed type of muscle in the body?

Smooth

How does distribution of sympathetic nerves differ from the distribution of parasympathetic nerves

Spinal nerves contain sympathetic fibers, while cranial nerves contain parasympathetic fibers

which of the following describes the position of the nose?

Superior to the mouth

What type of membranes line joint cavities?

Synovial

Which of the following statements concerning fast-twitch muscle fibers is true?

They split ATP rapidly

Posterior means

Toward the back of the body

Which of the following events occurs last in intramembranous ossification?

Trabecular bone is formed

Which of the following statements is false?

Water evaporation heats the body

Which of the following is the definition of a third degree burn?

a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis

When a few intracellular mediator molecules activate several enzymes, and each of these activated enzymes activate still other enzymes, the hormone has initiated

a cascade effect

Osteomalacia is

a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion

In order to study in detail the anatomy of internal cell parts, it would be best to use

a transmission electron microscope (TEM)

The cavity of the body immediately inferior to the diaphragm is the ____________ cavity

abdominal

Which of the following movements does not occur at the knee joint?

abduction

a base is a proton

acceptor

What genetic disorder is a type of dwarfism characterized by shortening of the upper and lower limbs?

achondroplasia

The active sites to which cross-bridges attach are found on the

actin myofilaments

Melanin production can be influenced by

all of the choices are correct

Which of the following events occurs in the secondary active transport of glucose?

all of the choices are correct

The brainstem

all of these choices are correct: includes nuclei of cranial nerves II-XII contains centers for several vital reflexes like heart rate and blood pressure contains the reticular formation contains nuclei for vomiting and sneezing reflexes

If an albino (aa) mates with a person homozygous for normal pigment (AA),

all offspring are carriers

The type of brain waves observed in an individual who is awake but in quiet resting state with eyes closed are _________ waves

alpha

A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called

an all-or-none response

Normal pH range for blood is 7.35 to 7.45. If blood pH falls below 7.35

an imbalance called acidosis results

A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of this sensory receptor will produce which of the following types of responses?

an increase in the respiratory rate

Damage to Wernicke area would result in

aphasia

The pelvic girdle and lower limb are part of the

appendicular skeleton

Lipids

are an important component of cell membranes

Synovial joints are different from both fibrous and cartilaginous joints because synovial joints

are enclosed by a joint capsule

Autonomic reflexes

are integrated somewhere in the CNS

Nucleotides

are the building blocks of nucleic acids

Of the following muscles of the thigh, which one is NOT part of the quadriceps group?

biceps femoris

A tissue that has a fluid matrix is

blood

How does the cardiovascular system contribute to osterporosis

blood clotting starts repair process

Osteomyelitis is

bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection

Ligaments attach

bone to bone

When a person consumes a substantial amount of nicotine, the response

both increases parasympathetic responses and increases sympathetic responses

a gland produces a watery secretion that contains solutes. The secretion also contains a substantial amount of phospholipid. The type of secretory process for this gland is probably

both merocrine and apocrine

The strength of a stimulus is communicated through

both the frequency and the length of time action potentials are produced

Which of the following arteries supply blood to the brain?

both the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries

Spinal nerves C5-T1 make up the _______________ plexus

brachial

How do hormones and target cells recognize one another

by the presence of specific receptor molecules on the target cells

The sural region is the

calf

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

can be lowered by enzymes

Sympathetic preganglionic axons

can synapse in either chain or collateral ganglia

Which of the following systems carries necessary compounds like oxygen and nutrients throughout the body?

cardiovascular

An example of a saddle joint is the

carpometacarpal joint

What is the smallest level of organization in the body that contains the body's genetic information?

cellular

The locations where ossification begins in intramembranous ossification are known as

centers of ossification

Which of the following is responsible for problem-solving skills?

central nervous system

A nurse is caring for a patient who exhibits the following symptoms: (1) inability to maintain balance while walking (2) normal intelligence (3) can initiate voluntary movements although they are somewhat uncoordinated (4) decreased tone int he skeletal muscles The patients probably suffering from a condition that affected the

cerebellum

The pectoral region is the

chest area

a bone fracture that does not perforate the skin is a(an)

closed fracture

Cephalic means

closer to the head

Which of the following is a descending pathway in a spinal cord

corticospinal tract

Axons exit the sympathetic chain ganglia by all of the following except

cranial nerves

The peripheral nervous system includes

cranial nerves

Red blood Cells (RBCs) have been placed in three different solutions: hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic: What is the condition of the RBC in solution "B"? (the squished RBC again)

crenated

Synovial fluid

decreases friction between bones

Another name for a bedsore is

decubitus ulcer

which of the following is NOT a G-protein complex protein?

delta

All of the following muscles are rotators of the arm. Which is a lateral rotator of the arm?

deltoid

What type of process conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body?

dendrite

The aroma of cookies baking in the kitchen reaches you in the living room. The distribution of this odor throughout the house is an example of

diffusion

In order to put on a glove, the fingers are abducted by hand muscles called the

dorsal interossei

Which of the following chromosome anomalies can be found in either sex?

down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)

Inflammation of the skin is called dermatitis or

eczema

A coiled fibrous protein in connective tissue that is stretchy is called

elastin

In ionic bonding

electrons are transferred from one atom to another

What is the role of myosin phosphatase

enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin

What is the site of long bone growth

epiphyseal plate

What is the long end of the bone?

epiphysis

Which pattern of hormone secretion, often observed in steroid reproductive hormones, will fluctuate over a monthly cycle?

episodic hormone secretion

Which of the following will help cool the body?

evaporation of sweat from the skin's surface

Some thyroid disorders are characterized by an increase in the width of the palpebral fissure. This would be an increase in the distance between the

eyelids

Facial expression is regulated by the

facial nerve

A mitochondrial disease is passed to offspring via the father

false

What type of connective tissue is found between the vertebrae?

fibrocartilage

A group of water molecules are held together by

hydrogen bonds

an IPSP is inhibitory because it

hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane

Red blood cells (RBCs) have been placed in three different solutions: hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic. What is solution "B" relative to the RBC? (it's squished and deformed)

hypertonic solution

A subcutaneous injection delivers medication into the

hypodermis

What part of the brain is in overall control of the ANS

hypothalamus

Which of the following brain areas serves as the major control center of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system?

hypothalamus

When the dominant allele does not completely mask the effects of the recessive allele in the heterozygote, it's called

incomplete dominance

Intense exercise that results in a great deal of anaerobic activity

increases muscular strength and mass

Which of the following is NOT an intrinsic eye muscle?

inferior oblique muscle

Facial muscles are unusual in that they

insert and sometimes originate on the skin and connective tissue

The type of lamallae found between osteons (Haversian systems) is

interstitial

The secretions of endocrine glands are released directly

into the bloodstream

Muscles that can change the shape of the tongue are called

intrinsic muscles

Which of the following structures is part of the vascular tunic

iris

Which of the following is correctly matched?

iris-sphincter pupillae

Melanin

is absent in individuals known as albinos

The pH value

is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions

The glossopharyngeal nerve

is involved in the sense of taste

Depth perception

is the ability to distinguish between near and far objects and judge their distance

Endocytosis

is the bulk uptake of material through the plasma membrane by vesicle formation

Complete tetanus

is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations

The thumb is ______ to the fifth digit (little finger).

lateral

Which chemical class of hormone is more likely to need binding protein for transport in the blood?

lipid-soluble

Which chemical type of hormone has a longer half-life

lipid-soluble

One type of experimental contraceptive device is a skin patch that contains a chemical absorbed through the skin. Which of the following substances might be the type of chemical involved?

lipid-soluble substances

What type of reflex operates independently of the CNS?

local reflex

Which back muscle extends the head?

logissimus capitis

A neutral atom will become a cation if it

loses electrons

the lumbar region is the

lower back

Reticular tissue is found in

lymphatic tissue

Which of these activities is associated with the left cerebral hemisphere in most people

mathematics and speech

The extracellular material found in tissues is called

matrix

The vesicles that conatin melanin are

melanosomes

An organism's ability to use energy in order to swim is an example of

metabolism

A doctor performing an autopsy on a patient concludes that part of the brain was likely damaged by trauma due to a large population of which type of cell?

microglia

Cells of the small intestine and kidney tubules have extensions that increase their surface are called

microvilli

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

minor thalassemia

What organelles produce most of the cell's energy?

mitochondria

Carbon dioxide is considered a(n)

molecule and a compund

The change in shape of tissues or organs is called

morphogensis

Which of the following actions is caused by contraction of skeletal muscle

moving your feet in walking

The stretch of elastic components of a muscle adds tot he increased tension during

multiple wave summation

The sensory receptor of the stretch reflex is the

muscle spindle

The brachial plexus supplies nerves that function to contract which of the following

muscles of the arm and forearm

Which of the following nerves is part of the brachial plexus

musculocutaneus

the proximal portion of the nail is the

nail root

An intercellular chemical signal that is produced by neurons but functions like a hormone would be called a

neurohormone

A fracture of the cribriform plate might injure the _____cranial nerve.

olfactory

In appositional growth of cartilage

new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue

Gaps or interruptions in the myelin sheath are called

nodes of Ranvier

A mistake during segregation of chromosomes is called

nondisjunction

The __________ contains the genetic information of the cell

nuclueus

Adduction of the thigh involves the

obturator nerve

An action potential

occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level

Continuous conduction of an action potential means that

one action potential stimulates the production of a new action potential at the adjacent site

The ventral root of the spinal nerve contains

only motor fibers

The digastric muscle is involved in

opening the mouth

When repolarization of the cell membrane is complete, the

original polarity of the cell is restored

When repolarization of a neuron is complete, the

original polarity of the neuron is restored

Neurons arranged in a circular pathway form

oscillatory circuits

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

osteoblasts

When blood calcium levels are low

osteoclast activity increases

Cells that can break down bones are called

osteoclasts

What type of cells break down bone tissue

osteoclasts

Which of these activities is associated with the right cerebral hemisphere in most people

painting a watercolor landscape

The _____________ division of the ANS functions mainly under ordinary, restful conditions

parasympathetic

Parasympathetic preganglionic axons from the sacral region of the spinal cord course through______ nerves that innervate the ______.

pelvic; lower colon and reproductive glands

If a person decided to jump over a chair, which of the following area organizes the motor functions needed to carry out this action

premotor area

Which of the following is determined by a sequence of amino acids bound by peptide bonds?

primary structure of protein

Up-regulation

produces an increase in the sensitivity of the target cell to the hormone

The opposite of supination is

pronation

Which of the following is a group of muscles in the thigh?

quadriceps femoris

Which of the following muscles is named for its location?

quadriceps femoris

Skin color is the result of the

quantity of melanin in the skin

Which of the following functions is carried out by both aqueous and vitreous humor?

refraction of light rays

The plasma membrane

regulates movement of materials into and out of the cell

Nerve cells generate electrical signals in response to changes in the environment. This is an example of

responsiveness

If the EFC around a nerve cell is replaced with an isotonic saline solution that contains potassium ions and other solutes at concentrations very close to the ECF concentrations of a normal cell, the result is

resting membrane potential close to it's normal value

Which muscle retracts, rotates, and fixes the scapula?

rhomboideus major

Which of the following is (are) associated with the retina

rods and cones

T tubules are invaginations of the

sarcolemma

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue

secretion and absorption of molecules

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue?

secretion and absorption of molecules

A tennis player goes to the doctor and is told he has a torn rotator cuff. He has injured his

shoulder

What genetic disorder is the inability to produce normal hemoglobin

sickle-cell disease

Which of the special senses contains receptor neurons that are the only nerve cells in direct contact with the outside environment

smell

Depolarization of the cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow) of

sodium ions

An anatomic image created from sound waves is a

sonogram

The pleural cavity is the

space located between the visceral and parietal pleura

What type of cancer can actinic keratosis develop into?

squamous cell carcinoma

Which of the following is NOT a component of negative feedback mechanism

stabilizer

Members of which group of hormones are made from cholesterol

steroids

Thin skin has only four epithelial strata. It lacks which of the following?

stratum lucidum

Which is the most superficial layer of skin that is composed primarily of living cells?

stratum spinosum

Which is an example of a normally occurring positive-feedback mechanism?

stretching of the uterus near the end of pregnancy

An inflammation of one of the ciliary glands of the eyelashes is called a

sty

Where is cerebrospinal fluid found around the spinal cord?

subarachnoid space

In order to stabilize the hyoid so that the larynx can be elevated in swallowing, the __________ muscle group is used

suprahyoid

John sees Marth; the pupils of his eyes dilate. It is "love at first sight." What division(s) of the ANS is (are) involved?

sympathetic division

A tissue has the following characteristics: abundant extracellular matrix, abundant collagen fibers, collagen fibers mainly parallel to each other. Which of the following injuries results in damage to mainly this kind of tissue?

tear in the tissue that attaches the gastrocnemius muscle to bone

the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus would help us

tell if the object is rough or smooth (sensation of touch)

Cytokinesis is completed at the end of this phase

telophase

In the TMJ joint, the mandible articulates with the

temporal bone

A sustained muscle contraction is known as

tetanus

The targeted response of the hormone lipotropin is an increase in which of the following?

the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues

What is found in the dosral root gangilon

the cell bodies of pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons

For distant vision,

the ciliary muscles are relaxed

To focus on objects closer than 20 feet

the ciliary muscles must contract

The two divisions of the ANS have antagonistic effects on each of the following EXCEPT

the diameter of the blood vessels in skeletal muscles

Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true?

the epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis

When you try to focus on the tip of your nose

the lens becomes more spherical

Increase in the distance from the eye to the near point of vision can be caused by

the lens becoming more rigid with age

Homeostasis is defined as

the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body

The fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane suggests that

the membrane is neither rigid nor static in structure

A cell can meet increased energy demands by an increase in

the number of mitochondria

The primary somatic sensory or general sensory area is located in

the postcentral gyrus

In the sympathetic division of the ANS

the preganglionic cell body is located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord.

What is it about a cell that identifies it as a target cell for a hormone

the presence of a receptor specific for that hormone

Isotopes of the same element have

the same atomic number, but differ in their mass number

Which of the following ribs attaches to the sternum at the sternal angle?

the second

the visceral pleura is

the serous membrane that covers the lungs

The parietal peritoneum is

the serous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Anatomy is

the study of structure

In some cells, an afterpotential occurs because

there is prolonged, elevated permeability to potassium during repolarization

Eskimos wear a great deal of clothing and have limited exposure to U.V. light, but do not suffer from vitamin D deficiency. A possible explanation is

they get enough vitamin D in their diet of fish and marine animals

The femoral region is the

thigh

what type of burn appears white or black with no immediate pain?

third-degree

Sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord in the

thoracic and lumbar regions

The thenar muscles are involved in controlling the _______; the hypthenar muscles control the _________.

thumb; little finger

The type of cell connection that serves as a permeability barrier is a

tight junction

Epithelial tissue is characterized by

tightly packed cells

Phosphodiesterase functions

to inactivate cyclic AMP

Slowly adapting proprioceptors that would let you know the position of your thumb without looking at it are known as

tonic receptors

the term "dorsal" means

toward the back of the body

The malleus, incus, and stapes

transmit vibrations from the eardrum to the oval window

When you walk up behind someone and tap their right shoulder, they will reflexively

turn their head toward the right

What type of axons is found in a gray ramus comunicans?

unmyelinated, post-ganglionic axons

What system removes nitrogenous waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance?

urinary

Organelles

vary in number and type depending on cell function

Multiunit smooth muscle is located in the

wall of blood vessels

In the inflammatory response, clotting proteins form a clot. This action

walls off foreign particles and microbes

Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?

when blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity in creases

Genes that are passed from male to male are called

y-linked