Structure of Bone test (MAP)
Broken bone portion is pushed inward
depression fracture
A fracture in the ________ can impair the lengthwise growth of bones in a child
epiphyseal plate
What does collagen provide as a component of bone
flexibility
Incomplete bone break
greenstick fracture
The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a blood-filled swelling known as a(n) ________.
hematoma
What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?
hyaline cartilage
Broken bone ends are forced into each other
impacted fracture
Layers of rings of calcification that are found in compact bone
lamellae
Storage area for yellow marrow in adults
medullary cavity
What could create an open, or compound, fracture?
when the broken bone penetrates through the skin
What is responsible for the flexibility of bone
Collagen
Break in the shaft of a femur is what part of the bone
Diaphysis
What is only found associated with a child's bone
Epiphyseal plate
Term for end of a long bone
Epiphysis
What cell forms the bony callus
Osteoblasts
What hormone is responsible for raising blood calcium levels when they drop below homeostatic levels
Parathyroid (PTH)
Each complex of central canal and matrix rings in compact bone is known as
an osteon (Haversian system)
What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints
articular cartilage
What is the function of red bone marrow
blood cell formation
The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (Haversian system) contains
blood vessels and nerve fibers
The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that
bone length is increasing
Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as
canaliculi
Small channels that radiate through the matrix of compact bone
canaliculi
What allows nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to all the osteocytes within an osteon
canaliculi
A bone fracture that results in the bone being broken into many fragments is a ________.
comminuted fracture
Bone breaks into many fragments
comminuted fracture
A fracture that is common in osteoporotic bones is a
compression fracture
four stages in the healing of a bone fracture
1. Hematoma formation 2. Fibrocartilage callus formation 3. Bony callus formation 4. Bone remodeling
The process of bone formation is known as
ossification
What type of bone cell is primarily active when bone growth occurs?
osteoblast
Cells that can build bony matrix
osteoblasts
When growing bones widen through appositional growth, what kind of cells add bone matrix to the outside of the diaphysis?
osteoblasts
Cells that can dissolve the bony matrix
osteoclasts
Ragged bone break resulting from twisting forces
spiral fracture
A function of the skeletal system
storage site for calcium
In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to:
store adipose tissue
The factor(s) that determine where bone matrix is to be remodeled is (are)
stresses of gravity and muscle pull on the skeleton
