Structure of Bone test (MAP)

Broken bone portion is pushed inward

depression fracture

A fracture in the ________ can impair the lengthwise growth of bones in a child

epiphyseal plate

What does collagen provide as a component of bone

flexibility

Incomplete bone break

greenstick fracture

The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a blood-filled swelling known as a(n) ________.

hematoma

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

hyaline cartilage

Broken bone ends are forced into each other

impacted fracture

Layers of rings of calcification that are found in compact bone

lamellae

Storage area for yellow marrow in adults

medullary cavity

What could create an open, or compound, fracture?

when the broken bone penetrates through the skin

What is responsible for the flexibility of bone

Collagen

Break in the shaft of a femur is what part of the bone

Diaphysis

What is only found associated with a child's bone

Epiphyseal plate

Term for end of a long bone

Epiphysis

What cell forms the bony callus

Osteoblasts

What hormone is responsible for raising blood calcium levels when they drop below homeostatic levels

Parathyroid (PTH)

Each complex of central canal and matrix rings in compact bone is known as

an osteon (Haversian system)

What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints

articular cartilage

What is the function of red bone marrow

blood cell formation

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (Haversian system) contains

blood vessels and nerve fibers

The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that

bone length is increasing

Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as

canaliculi

Small channels that radiate through the matrix of compact bone

canaliculi

What allows nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to all the osteocytes within an osteon

canaliculi

A bone fracture that results in the bone being broken into many fragments is a ________.

comminuted fracture

Bone breaks into many fragments

comminuted fracture

A fracture that is common in osteoporotic bones is a

compression fracture

four stages in the healing of a bone fracture

1. Hematoma formation 2. Fibrocartilage callus formation 3. Bony callus formation 4. Bone remodeling

The process of bone formation is known as

ossification

What type of bone cell is primarily active when bone growth occurs?

osteoblast

Cells that can build bony matrix

osteoblasts

When growing bones widen through appositional growth, what kind of cells add bone matrix to the outside of the diaphysis?

osteoblasts

Cells that can dissolve the bony matrix

osteoclasts

Ragged bone break resulting from twisting forces

spiral fracture

A function of the skeletal system

storage site for calcium

In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to:

store adipose tissue

The factor(s) that determine where bone matrix is to be remodeled is (are)

stresses of gravity and muscle pull on the skeleton