STT44 part 2 (microbiology)

Normal, non-pathogenic flora of the intestinal tract includes:

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Study of microorganisms

Microbiology

What illness is caused by Rickettsia ricketsii?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Which of the following strains of bacteria causes food poisoning?

Staphylococci

Which of the following is a dermotrophic virus?

Varicella virus

Microorganism that requires oxygen to live

aerobe

Which of the following is caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

amebic dysentery

Microorganism that lives without oxygen

anaerobe

Which type of toxin produced by bacteria are liberated only when the bacterial cell dies and disintegrates, are contained in bacterial cell walls, and cause typhoid fever?

andotoxin

What do roundworms, pinworms, hookworms, and trichinellae have in common?

are all common parasites that afflicts humans

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning algae?

are only unicellular

Which of the following statements is TRUE of rickettsiae?

are parasites

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning helminths?

are unicellular animal parasites

When a person forms antibodies against his or her own tissues, it is known as:

autoimmunity

Capable of growing in absence of organic compounds; selfnourishing

autotrophic

Which of the following are rod or cylinder shaped bacteria?

bacillus

Method of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides into two

binary fission

Method of asexual reproduction in which a budlike process grows from the side or end of the parent and develops into a new organism

budding

Which specialized structure of bacteria increases the virulence of bacteria?

capsules

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning exotoxins?

cause bacillary dysentery

Which of the following statements is TRUE of thrush?

caused by common yeast mycosis called Candida albicans seen commonly in newborn infected by the mother infects mucous membranes of the mouth

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning molds?

causes ringworm of the foot

Which of the following is NOT a major class of microorganism?

class

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning fungi?

contains chlorophyl

Tissue sample, washing or swabbing that is grown in a media under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions

culture

A capsule that forms around microorganisms before they enterdormant periods

cyst

What term is used to describe a capsule that forms around microorganisms before they enter dormant periods?

cyst

When an infection is caused by a patient's own normal flora, the source would be referred to as

endogenous

A patient undergoing a colectomy will be at risk of infection from what?

endogenous bacteria

A patient was given penicillin and suffered anaphylactic shock. What is the treatment that needs to be followed:

epinephrine

Having the capability to live under certain environmental circumstances and having the ability to adapt to more than one condition

facultative

Which of the following terms is defined as having the capability to live under certain environmental circumstances and having the ability to adapt to more than one condition?

facultative

Airborne contamination int he operating room can be reduce by:

filtering out particles with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters

Which of the following are specialized structures of bacteria that are hair-like processes that cause the bacteria to move along in liquid by their wavelike rhythmic contractions?

flagella

A patient is scheduled to have a trans-metatarsal amputation due to Clostridium perfringens infection. What condition does this patient have?

gas gangrene

A common stain that turns positive microorganisms a bluish-purple color is the

gram stain

Laboratory technique to identify bacteria which consists of staining bacteria with a violet stain and then counterstaining with a red stain

gram stain

What is the laboratory technique used to identify bacteria which consists of staining bacteria with a violet stain and then counterstaining called?

gram stain

The scientific name for worms is:

helminths

Requiring organic compounds to live and grow

heterotrophic

_ bacteria require living or dead organic matter for food and are pathogenic.

heterotrophic

The organism that provides the resources required to sustain a parasitic relationship

host

Small, round bodies found in cells affected by a virus

inclusion bodies

When a patient has a generalized (systemic) infection, the white blood cell count (WBC) would:

increase

The presence of parasites in the environment, on the skin, or in the hair of the host

infestation

Diseases caused by Rickettsiae are most likely transmitted via

insect vectors

Which of the following is the lowest level in the taxonomy system?

kingdom

Which of the following is NOT a growth requirement of bacteria?

light

Which of the following is transmitted by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito?

malaria

Microorganism that requires oxygen, but thrives best when oxygen is less than that in the atmosphere

microaerophilic

Minute living body not perceptible to the naked eye

microorganism

In which cellular reproductive process are two daughter cells formed?

mitosis

The science of structure and form

morphology

Any disease induced by a fungus

mycosis

The immunity received by having had a disease (i.e. measles) is known as

naturally acquired active immunity

Squirrels and songbirds that live in the same tree are examples of which type of microbial relationship?

neutralism

What are microscopic plant life such as bacteria which are adapted to residing in a given area of the body during health called?

normal flora

An infection acquired while one is being treated in a health care facility is known as

nosocomial infection

Organism that lives within, upon, or at the expense of another living organism known as the host

parasite

Disease-causing microorganism

pathogen

Ingestion and digestion of bacteria and particles; cell eating

phagocytos

Pathogens that get past the the first line of defense are engulfed by white blood cells, a process known as:

phagocytosis

All of the following are portals of exit, except:

placenta

Viral pneumonia is an example of what type of virus that affects the respiratory tract?

pneumotrophic

Which infectious agent, unlike other infectious agents, must contain either RNA, DNA, or both?

prion

Host resistance to infection may be lowered by all of the following except:

proper nutritional state

The type of isolation recommended for the immunocompromised, burn, or organ transplant patient is:

protective

Which of the following is NOT an example of a gram-positive bacteria?

proteus

Which of the following are unicellular, simple forms of animal life, microscopic, and reproduce sexually or asexually by fission?

protozoa

Acid-fast positive cells retain the color ___________ after staining.

red

A debridement is performed to:

remove necrotic or infected tissue

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning bacteria?

reproduce by binary fission

What does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause?

severe wound infections

Which of the following diseases is NOT an example of a neurotrophic disease?

shingles

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning yeast?

some are used commercially in preparing beer, wine and bread

According to the taxonomy system for classifying organisms, which of the following is the highest listed level?

species

Viruses of human beings and animals are generally __

spherical in shape

The specialized form of a bacterium or the reproductive form of a fungus that resists the usual methods of sterilization

spore

Which of the following are specialized structures of bacteria that are inactive, are not reproductive forms, and resist drying and most chemical disinfectants?

spores

Sharon is assigned to be the ST for a procedure performed on a patient which is HIV positive. What precautions should she take?

standard

What type of bacteria are characterized by chain formation?

streptococci

What is a relationship between two organisms that have close contact with each other called?

symbiosis

The likely portal of entry for the Treponema pallidum organism is:

the genitourinary tract

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning bacteria?

thin outer call wall provides its shape

What are organisms that take up residence in or on the body temporarily in a location where they are not normally found called?

transient flora

consisting of one cell

unicellular

A carrier, usually an arthropod or insect that transmits the causative organisms of disease from infected to noninfected individuals

vector

Which of the following best describes a living organism that transmits diseases to people as ticks, flies, and lice?

vector

What are spiral or curved forms of bacteria called?

vibrio

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning neutral pH as a growth requirement of bacteria?

vinegar is acidic and may be used to increase bacterial growth

Relative power of a pathogen to cause disease

virulence

What is the smallest organism known?

virus

Which class of microorganism is subcellular and reproduces as a parasite within other organisms?

virus

Which of the following are nucleic acids within shells of protein, can only reproduce when they are within the living cells of a host organism, and the severity of the disease depends on the type of cells that are infected?

viruses

Mumps is an example of what type of virus?

viscerotrophic

Which of the following factors would have the least effect in determining whether or not one exposed to a disease would contract it?

weight of the host

Standard Precautions are to be implemented:

when blood and body fluids may be encountered

What does Bordetella pertussis cause?

whooping cough

Which class of microorganism in its parasitic form can be pathogenic to humans?

worm

What are helminths commonly called?

worms