STT44 part 2 (microbiology)
Normal, non-pathogenic flora of the intestinal tract includes:
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Study of microorganisms
Microbiology
What illness is caused by Rickettsia ricketsii?
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Which of the following strains of bacteria causes food poisoning?
Staphylococci
Which of the following is a dermotrophic virus?
Varicella virus
Microorganism that requires oxygen to live
aerobe
Which of the following is caused by Entamoeba histolytica?
amebic dysentery
Microorganism that lives without oxygen
anaerobe
Which type of toxin produced by bacteria are liberated only when the bacterial cell dies and disintegrates, are contained in bacterial cell walls, and cause typhoid fever?
andotoxin
What do roundworms, pinworms, hookworms, and trichinellae have in common?
are all common parasites that afflicts humans
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning algae?
are only unicellular
Which of the following statements is TRUE of rickettsiae?
are parasites
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning helminths?
are unicellular animal parasites
When a person forms antibodies against his or her own tissues, it is known as:
autoimmunity
Capable of growing in absence of organic compounds; selfnourishing
autotrophic
Which of the following are rod or cylinder shaped bacteria?
bacillus
Method of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides into two
binary fission
Method of asexual reproduction in which a budlike process grows from the side or end of the parent and develops into a new organism
budding
Which specialized structure of bacteria increases the virulence of bacteria?
capsules
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning exotoxins?
cause bacillary dysentery
Which of the following statements is TRUE of thrush?
caused by common yeast mycosis called Candida albicans seen commonly in newborn infected by the mother infects mucous membranes of the mouth
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning molds?
causes ringworm of the foot
Which of the following is NOT a major class of microorganism?
class
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning fungi?
contains chlorophyl
Tissue sample, washing or swabbing that is grown in a media under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions
culture
A capsule that forms around microorganisms before they enterdormant periods
cyst
What term is used to describe a capsule that forms around microorganisms before they enter dormant periods?
cyst
When an infection is caused by a patient's own normal flora, the source would be referred to as
endogenous
A patient undergoing a colectomy will be at risk of infection from what?
endogenous bacteria
A patient was given penicillin and suffered anaphylactic shock. What is the treatment that needs to be followed:
epinephrine
Having the capability to live under certain environmental circumstances and having the ability to adapt to more than one condition
facultative
Which of the following terms is defined as having the capability to live under certain environmental circumstances and having the ability to adapt to more than one condition?
facultative
Airborne contamination int he operating room can be reduce by:
filtering out particles with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters
Which of the following are specialized structures of bacteria that are hair-like processes that cause the bacteria to move along in liquid by their wavelike rhythmic contractions?
flagella
A patient is scheduled to have a trans-metatarsal amputation due to Clostridium perfringens infection. What condition does this patient have?
gas gangrene
A common stain that turns positive microorganisms a bluish-purple color is the
gram stain
Laboratory technique to identify bacteria which consists of staining bacteria with a violet stain and then counterstaining with a red stain
gram stain
What is the laboratory technique used to identify bacteria which consists of staining bacteria with a violet stain and then counterstaining called?
gram stain
The scientific name for worms is:
helminths
Requiring organic compounds to live and grow
heterotrophic
_ bacteria require living or dead organic matter for food and are pathogenic.
heterotrophic
The organism that provides the resources required to sustain a parasitic relationship
host
Small, round bodies found in cells affected by a virus
inclusion bodies
When a patient has a generalized (systemic) infection, the white blood cell count (WBC) would:
increase
The presence of parasites in the environment, on the skin, or in the hair of the host
infestation
Diseases caused by Rickettsiae are most likely transmitted via
insect vectors
Which of the following is the lowest level in the taxonomy system?
kingdom
Which of the following is NOT a growth requirement of bacteria?
light
Which of the following is transmitted by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito?
malaria
Microorganism that requires oxygen, but thrives best when oxygen is less than that in the atmosphere
microaerophilic
Minute living body not perceptible to the naked eye
microorganism
In which cellular reproductive process are two daughter cells formed?
mitosis
The science of structure and form
morphology
Any disease induced by a fungus
mycosis
The immunity received by having had a disease (i.e. measles) is known as
naturally acquired active immunity
Squirrels and songbirds that live in the same tree are examples of which type of microbial relationship?
neutralism
What are microscopic plant life such as bacteria which are adapted to residing in a given area of the body during health called?
normal flora
An infection acquired while one is being treated in a health care facility is known as
nosocomial infection
Organism that lives within, upon, or at the expense of another living organism known as the host
parasite
Disease-causing microorganism
pathogen
Ingestion and digestion of bacteria and particles; cell eating
phagocytos
Pathogens that get past the the first line of defense are engulfed by white blood cells, a process known as:
phagocytosis
All of the following are portals of exit, except:
placenta
Viral pneumonia is an example of what type of virus that affects the respiratory tract?
pneumotrophic
Which infectious agent, unlike other infectious agents, must contain either RNA, DNA, or both?
prion
Host resistance to infection may be lowered by all of the following except:
proper nutritional state
The type of isolation recommended for the immunocompromised, burn, or organ transplant patient is:
protective
Which of the following is NOT an example of a gram-positive bacteria?
proteus
Which of the following are unicellular, simple forms of animal life, microscopic, and reproduce sexually or asexually by fission?
protozoa
Acid-fast positive cells retain the color ___________ after staining.
red
A debridement is performed to:
remove necrotic or infected tissue
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning bacteria?
reproduce by binary fission
What does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause?
severe wound infections
Which of the following diseases is NOT an example of a neurotrophic disease?
shingles
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning yeast?
some are used commercially in preparing beer, wine and bread
According to the taxonomy system for classifying organisms, which of the following is the highest listed level?
species
Viruses of human beings and animals are generally __
spherical in shape
The specialized form of a bacterium or the reproductive form of a fungus that resists the usual methods of sterilization
spore
Which of the following are specialized structures of bacteria that are inactive, are not reproductive forms, and resist drying and most chemical disinfectants?
spores
Sharon is assigned to be the ST for a procedure performed on a patient which is HIV positive. What precautions should she take?
standard
What type of bacteria are characterized by chain formation?
streptococci
What is a relationship between two organisms that have close contact with each other called?
symbiosis
The likely portal of entry for the Treponema pallidum organism is:
the genitourinary tract
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning bacteria?
thin outer call wall provides its shape
What are organisms that take up residence in or on the body temporarily in a location where they are not normally found called?
transient flora
consisting of one cell
unicellular
A carrier, usually an arthropod or insect that transmits the causative organisms of disease from infected to noninfected individuals
vector
Which of the following best describes a living organism that transmits diseases to people as ticks, flies, and lice?
vector
What are spiral or curved forms of bacteria called?
vibrio
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning neutral pH as a growth requirement of bacteria?
vinegar is acidic and may be used to increase bacterial growth
Relative power of a pathogen to cause disease
virulence
What is the smallest organism known?
virus
Which class of microorganism is subcellular and reproduces as a parasite within other organisms?
virus
Which of the following are nucleic acids within shells of protein, can only reproduce when they are within the living cells of a host organism, and the severity of the disease depends on the type of cells that are infected?
viruses
Mumps is an example of what type of virus?
viscerotrophic
Which of the following factors would have the least effect in determining whether or not one exposed to a disease would contract it?
weight of the host
Standard Precautions are to be implemented:
when blood and body fluids may be encountered
What does Bordetella pertussis cause?
whooping cough
Which class of microorganism in its parasitic form can be pathogenic to humans?
worm
What are helminths commonly called?
worms
