Study guide 2 med-surge

One liter of fluid retention to one IV bag equals a weight gain of how many pounds?

2.2 pounds

You are caring for a patient with respiratory acidosis which of the following ph level should the nurse expect?

7.31 ph level

Your caring for four patients who has drainage tubes as a nurse you should identify the patient who has which of the following tube at risk for hypokalemia?

NG tube

You assessing your patient urine that has become much more concentrated. What is the most likely cost for this change?

aldosterone

A hormones that affect the concentration of urine and the volume of urine excreted is?

antidiuretic hormones

What should a nurse instruction a patient with potassium level of 6.2 to avoid? Select all that apply

banana, celery, carrots, tomatos

You are reviewing lab results of a client who's taking a loop diuretic and notes that the potassium level is 3.0 which of the following physiologic response should you expect related to the client state of hypokalemia

cardiac dysrhythmia

You understand that fluids balance is mainly monitor in the body by which two systems?

circulatory renal

You notice that one of the older adult in a long term facility is decrease intake of fluids at the new meal. You reviewed the record and discovered that the recorded oral intake is 300 mL over the past 24 hours what should your next action be?

collect further data focus upon the resident fluid balance

Older adults are at risk for dehydration because reduce thirst and aging kidneys. What should you assess as an early indicator of dehydration?

constipation

You received a client lab result and you noticed that the potassium level is 3.1 and you are reviewing the MAR (medication administration level record). Which is the following types of medication should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client electrolytes balance?

corticosteroids

An older adult in a long term care facility has a decreased oral intake over two days you are careful to assess the resident for which sign and symptoms of dehydration?

dark concentrated urine

You are caring for a patient post operative who has an NG tube that has drained 2500 mL in the past 6 hours. You should monitor the client which for electrolytes imbalance?

decrease potassium level

You are reviewing a medical record for a patient in metabolic acidosis as a nurse you need to realized that which of the following finding can tribute development acidosis?

diarrhea

Your caring for an 88 years old patient receiving an IV of 0.9% sodium chloride rate of 100 per hour which sign of symptoms of fluid overload should you be alert for?

dysthymic, bounding pulse, crackle on their lungs, puffy eyelid

The nurse has attended inservice program on fluid imbalance and learning about condition associated with hypovolemia which factor are related to causes hypovolemia? Select all that apply

excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea

What is primary responsible for caring fluids with nutrients and waste on a random bases throughout the body?

extracellular fluid

What type of cells holds the least amount of water?

fat cells holds the least amount of water

What process involves blood bring brought by the incoming capillary into the kidney which contains nitrogenous substances to be excreted as waste?

filtration

You are reviewing your patient medication history and you should identify that which of the following medication places the risk of hypokalemia?

furosemide

A patient has renal damage because of diabetes what is the highest risk for this patient?

hyperkalemia

The drugs K escalate is used to treat which electrolyte imbalance?

hyperkalemia

After eating an entire Italian subs sandwich a patient complain an excessive extreme thirst and then purchased two large bottles of water. You explain to the patient that thirst is being driven by which mechanism?

increase blood sodium concentration

As a nurse you have two newly admitted patients with dehydration one patient is dehydration with heat exhaustion and the other is dehydrated from overdose of lasix?

increase lab values of hemoglobin and hematocrit

You go clarify the electrolytes such as sodium and potassium breakdown into smaller particles when they dissolve. What are this smaller called?

ions

The K (potassium) lab report shows of potassium level of 5.2 what is the most important assessment as a nurse to make?

irregular heartbeat

The acid base disturbance that occur when the body retain too many hydrogen ions or loses too many bicarbonate ions is called?

metabolic acidosis

Interpret the following blood gas values a ph of 7.55 the bicarb (HCO3) of 39 and a ph CO2 of 40?

metabolic alkalosis

Each compartment of the body has water fluid distribution movement on its own what is this process allowing this fluid to move and distribute themselves among different compartment?

osmosis

Both the intracellular and extracellular fluids are made up of many different electrolytes what is the most abundant intracellular positively charges electrolytes?

potassium

Your patient has an IV injection that has been infusion in a very high rate. What assessment indicate fluid volume overload in this patient?

pulmonary edema

Interpret the following blood gas value a ph of 7.32 bicarb (HCO3) of 26 and a pH of CO2 of 48?

respiratory acidosis

A family member of an acute ill patient becomes very anxious after speaking with patient healthcare provider. You noticed the family members moved away from the other visitors who standing off to one side they are breathing rapidly you approach family member with understanding that the family member is at risk for developing which acid base imbalance?

respiratory alkalosis

For what compensatory condition should you carefully assist when the patient with metabolic acidosis is hyperventilating?

respiratory alkalosis

A patient with heart failure has been placed in a low sodium diet. Which food should the patient avoid? Select all that apply

sausage, pizza and natural cheese

What is the most abundant extracellular electrolytes?

sodium

What is the primary maintain extracellular fluids osmolarity?

sodium

You are assisting with a presentation about caring for patient who are receiving diuretics therapy the nurse explain which of the following medication can put client at risk for hyperkalemia?

spironolactone

Your reviewing an order for patient who's recently admitted with diagnose of hypokalemia so you alert the nurse RN to which order?

to administer 10 mL equivalent potassium chloride IV push daily

Your patient is always thirsty what should the nurse contribute this symptom?

too much sodium, too little water in the body

How does a healthy kidney adjust the volume in composition of filtrate that prevents excessive fluid loss?

tubular reabsorption