Study guide. Test2

The Charter Of Liberties

-A charter, signed by Penn, which established a representative assembly in Pennsylvania, and stated that the lower counties (Delaware) of the colony could establish their own representative assembly.

Mercantilism

-Laws limited amount of manufacturing colonists could do. trade only to English. Raised prices of non english goods.

The Quakers and their beliefs

-The Quakers were a religious faction started largely by William Penn in Pennsylania

Georgia

-was settled by people who had been in debtors' prisons in England who hoped to experience economic freedom and start a new life in the New World

Peter Stuyvesant

...(1592-1672) was a Dutch colonial governor of New Amsterdam (now called New York City).Stuyvesant lost New Amsterdam to the British in 1664, when the colonists decided to surrender to the British without a fight (against Stuyvesant's wishes). New Amsterdam was renamed New York, and the British Captain Richard Nicholls became governor.

John Locke

1632-1704. Argued that government exists to protect "life, liberty, and property" More optimistic about human nature. Believed humans enjoyed certain inalienable rights that no government can take away. Humans entered into social contract to establish government and protect rights

Carolina

1665 - Charles II granted this land to pay off a debt to some supporters. They instituted headrights and a representative government to attract colonists. The southern region of the Carolinas grew rich off its ties to the sugar islands, while the poorer northern region was composed mainly of farmers. The conflicts between the regions eventually led to the colony being split into North and South Carolina.

South Carolina

1669, 8 proprietors, recruited British planters from Barbados to make sugar plantation system, royal colony in 1719

Dominion of New England

1686 - The British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Andros). It ended in 1692, when the colonists revolted and drove out Governor Andros.

Georgia

1732, 13th colony chartered; last of the British colonies and the only one to receive direct financial support from London; created to act as a defensive buffer between South Carolina and Spanish Florida, and to relieve overcrowded jails and prison ships by bringing debtors to an American colony to start life anew

New Netherland

A dutch colony along the Hudson and lower Delaware rivers. The first settlement was made at Fort Orange (Albany) in 1624, although the colony centered on New Amsterdam at the tip of Manhattan Island after 1625. It was annexed by the English and renamed New York in 1644.

Navigation act

A series of British regulations which taxed goods imported by the colonies from places other than Britain, or otherwise sought to control and regulate colonial trade. Increased British-colonial trade and tax revenues. The Navigation Acts were reinstated after the French and Indian War because Britain needed to pay off debts incurred during the war, and to pay the costs of maintaining a standing army in the colonies.

Unicameral legislation

A single house of representatives opposed to two houses. Favored by democrats who wanted more power in the hands of the people, and wanted virtually equal voting rights.(1776)

William Penn Jr (proprietor of Pa)

An English Quaker who founded Pennsylvania in 1682 after receiving a charter from King Charles II the year before. He launched the colony as a "holy experiment" based on religious tolerance. His goal was also to establish a place where people could live in peace and be free from religious persecution.

Bacons Rebellion

An outburst of violent protests by Nathaniel bacon and other impoverished settlers against Berkeley and the Indians for not providing them with land, and monopolizing the fur trade. Uprising was crushed but landless servants still held angry. Made farmers look for easier laborers (African slaves).

The English Constitution

Before the war, it was agreed by many (both colonists and English) that this document was sophisticated and more effective than any other document of its kind had ever been. It also helped inspire the general outlines later on for the American Constitution, as it set up a general check and balances system where no one section of society or government had complete authority over the others.

James Oglethorpe

Founder and governor of the Georgia colony. He ran a tightly-disciplined, military-like colony. Slaves, alcohol, and Catholicism were forbidden in his colony.

Religious Tolerance

Letting others worship their religion freely

No Rum/slavery or Catholics

Oglethorpe returns to the colonies from England with three new regulations:

Inner Light

Quaker's believed in an inner light which was a gift of God's grace, it expressed itself as divine intuition or knowledge unaccountable by ordinary derivations of thought. Transcendentalists believed that every person possesses an Inner Light that can illuminate the highest truth and put a person in touch with God

Senegambia

Rice cultivation in the United States can be traced to enslaved Africans from rice-producing areas of Africa being brought to colonial South Carolina. Some of these slaves had previously been brought from the interior of Africa to the West Coast where they were taught how to grow rice before being sold. Enslaved blacks with this expertise were more valuable than others in the world market. The rice region in Africa may have contributed more than 40 percent of the enslaved Africans to colonial South Carolina. Name this major rice-producing region in Africa.

Enumerated Goods

Set by the Navigation Acts 1660, a list of desirable imports (rice,indigo, dye woods, cotton, tobacco, sugar) that could only be shipped to Britain or colonies

Humility

The quality or state of being humble in spirit

Holy Experiment

This project, established by William Penn, sought to explore the establishment of a liberal state while advertising to attract a wise array of potential settlers to the colony. Settlers from all walks of life and from many northern and western Europeans nations were lured to Pennsylvania, a haven for Quakers, by the promise of land, religious freedom, and democracy.

Admiral William Penn

William Penn's father who was an admiral in the king's navy

fundamental constitution

Written by John Locke, The constitution would have set up a feudalistic government headed by an aristocracy which owned most of the land, but it was never put into effect.

Liesler's rebellion

a part of the anti Stuart uprisings, 1689.As parliament triumphed over James II, Liesler, a wealthy merchant in New York, created the Committee of Safety and took over New York. William of Orange sent in troops because the elite complained and executed Liesler. This rebellion split New York into anti-Liesler and Liesler parties, Dutch vs. English, and poor vs. rich.

The Frame of Government

a plan of government that was set up to make a legislature called the General Assembly. It gave people the freedom of speech, religion, and the right to a fair trial by jury. Made by William Penn

The Dutch West India Co.

established in 1624 by a series of permanent trading posts on the Hudson, Delaware, and Connecticut Rivers. encouraged settlement of the region and transported families and granted estates to landlords. New Amsterdam in New Netherland.

James Duke of York as proprietor of "New York" (policies of)

his law as guaranteed religious toleration and created local government. inhabitants had no political voice beyond the local level, brother of King Charles II; was given New Netherland as the new proprietor from his brother in 1664

Pacifism

the belief that all violence in unjustifiable

Three Lower Counties

the southernmost part of Pennsylvania was once called, settled by Swedes in 1638, the area had been taken over by the Dutch and the English before becoming part of Pennsylvania. The Charter of Privileges allowed the are to form their own legislature, which they did in 1704. The area thereafter functioned as a separate colony called Delaware, supervised by Pennsylvania's governor.

Fort Orange (Albany)/New Amsterdam(Manhattan Island)

was diverse: eighteen different languages in use by 1644. in 1664 colony captured by English fleet. Dutch can keep their property. Ft Orange:Dutch trading post on site of New York's present-day capital, Albany