Study Material

The thoracic cage (rib cage) forms the thorax (chest) portion of the body. It consists of the _______ pairs of ribs and the _______. A. 12; sternum B. 14; vertebral column C. 10; clavicles D. 12; clavicles E. 14; sternum

A. 12; sternum

How many vertebrae are located in the lumbar region? A. 5 B. 22 C. 12 D. 7

A. 5

Which is the largest cavity in the human body? A. Abdominopelvic cavity B. Cranial cavity C. Dorsal cavity D. Thoracic cavity

A. Abdominopelvic cavity

Which of these methods that aids in the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane requires the use of energy which is supplied by ATP molecules? A. Active transport B. Osmosis C. Facilitated diffusion D. Passive transport E. Reverse diffusion

A. Active transport

All proteins are made of repeating units of ________. A. Amino acids B. Collagen C. Glucose D. Nitrogen

A. Amino acids

Which of the following is NOT a part of the nucleotides that make up DNA? A. Amino group B. Nitrogenous base C. Phosphate group D. Sugar unit

A. Amino group

Which of the following do all amino acids have in common? A. An amine group and a carboxyl group B. A sulfur atom C. Match in size and are polar D. The same "R" group

A. An amine group and a carboxyl group

In which phase are the paired chromatids separating and being pulled to opposite ends of the cell? A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

A. Anaphase

True ribs are which of these? A. Attached via their costal cartilage directly to the sternum B. Attached via their costal cartilage to the next higher rib C. Made entirely of bone, and thus do not have a costal cartilage D. Ribs 8-12

A. Attached via their costal cartilage directly to the sternum

Which physiological response is due to a "positive feedback loop"? A. Blood loss regulation B. Blood sugar regulation C. Body temperature regulation D. Blood pressure regulation

A. Blood loss regulation

Inorganic compounds typically do not contain which atoms? A. Carbon B. Nitrogen C. Oxygen

A. Carbon

Which organ system is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and equalizing the temperature in the body? A. Cardiovascular system B. Muscular system C. Respiratory system D. Endocrine system

A. Cardiovascular system

During prophase, as the centrioles are migrating to opposite ends of the cell, their spindle fibers attach to what part of the chromatids? A. Centromeres B. Microtubules C. Telomeres

A. Centromeres

The thickest portions of the anterior longitudinal ligament and the supraspinous ligament are found in which regions of the vertebral column? A. Cervical B. Lumber C. Sacral D. Thoracic

A. Cervical

What type of high energy bond is created between phosphates in ATP? A. Covalent B. Hydrogen C. Ionic D. Protein

A. Covalent

Which of the following is NOT a function of the endomembrane system? A. Creation of plasma for cells. B. Detoxification of poisons. C. Metabolism and movement of lipids. D. Synthesis of proteins and transports into membranes, organelles, or out of cells.

A. Creation of plasma for cells.

What is the fluid matrix inside the cell is called? A. Cytosol B. Endoplasm C. Nucleoplasm D. Plasma

A. Cytosol

Transcription is the transfer of genetic information from: A. DNA to mRNA B. DNA to RNA C. mRNA to tRNA D. tRNA to mRNA

A. DNA to mRNA

This directional term describes a position in a limb that is farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body. A. Distal B. Lateral C. Medial D. Proximal

A. Distal

An atom can have from one to five electron shells. Each shell can hold up to 8 electrons except for which shell? A. First shell B. Second shell C. Valence shell D. The last shell

A. First shell

This directional term describes a position below or lower than another part of the body. A. Inferior B. Superior C. Posterior D. Anterior

A. Inferior

Mendel believed that the characteristics of pea plants are determined by which of the following? A. Inheritance of units or factors from both parents B. Inheritance of units or factors from one parent C. Relative health of the parent plants at the time of pollination

A. Inheritance of units or factors from both parents

This directional term describes the side or direction toward the side of the body. A. Lateral B. Distal C. Proximal D. Medial

A. Lateral

What level of organization is composed of two or more different organs that work closely together to perform the functions of a body system? A. Organ system B. Tissue C. Organismal D. Cellular

A. Organ system

What is the study of the interrelationships of all the structures within a specific body region? A. Regional anatomy B. Gross anatomy C. Systemic anatomy D. Microscopic anatomy

A. Regional anatomy

Almost all of the liver of a human being is located in which abdominopelvic quadrant? A. Right upper quadrant (RUQ) B. Left lower quadrant (LLQ) C. Epigastric quadrant D. Right lower quadrant (RLQ) E. Left upper quadrant (LUQ)

A. Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Which of the following is a function of the axial skeleton? A. Supports trunk of body B. Allows for movement of the wrist and hand C. Allows for movements of the ankle and foot D. Protects nerves and blood vessels at the elbow

A. Supports trunk of body

What is human anatomy? A. The scientific study of the body's structures. B. The scientific study of the body's conditions. C. The scientific study of the body's purposes. D. The scientific study of the body's functions.

A. The scientific study of the body's structures.

A group of many similar cells that work together to perform a specific function is referred to as this level of organization. A. Tissue B. Cellular C. Chemical D. Organ

A. Tissue

A collection of similar tissues that performs a specific function is an ________. A. organ B. specific tissue C. organelle D. organ system E. organism

A. organ

DNA, and the genes found on the strands of DNA, contain information necessary for synthesizing which type of material? A. proteins B. DNA C. glucose D. carbohydrates E. ATP

A. proteins

Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton? A. vertebral column B. thigh bone C. arm bone D. shoulder bones E. foot bones

A. vertebral column

The following are all levels of the structural organization of the human body: 1. Organ 2. Organ system 3. Tissue 4. Cell 5. Chemical level Arrange the above levels from least complex to most complex: A. 5, 4, 6, 2, 1 B. 5, 4, 3, 1, 2 C. 3, 4, 1, 2, 5 D. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 E. 4, 5, 1, 2, 3

B. 5, 4, 3, 1, 2

How many vertebrae are located in the cervical region? A. 5 B. 7 C. 12 D. 22

B. 7

Why is DNA replication said to be "semiconservative"? A. After replication is complete, a proofreading process begins so that mistakes can be corrected. B. After replication is complete, one of the two parent DNA strands makes up half of each new DNA molecule. C. DNA replication takes place at the same time as cell division saving time and effort. D. Replication takes place like unzipping a zipper and requires little effort.

B. After replication is complete, one of the two parent DNA strands makes up half of each new DNA molecule.

Which nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA pairs with guanine? A. Adenine B. Cytosine C. Guanine D. Thymine

B. Cytosine

The molecules which store the genetic instructions of an organism is ________. A. ATP B. DNA C. RNA D. Histone E. ADP

B. DNA

In a negative feedback system, what is component that causes a change to reverse the situation and return to the value in the normal range? A. Control Center B. Effector C. Stimulus D. Sensor

B. Effector

During a party, Eli loses a bet and is forced to drink a bottle of lemon juice. Not long thereafter, he begins complaining of having difficulty breathing, and his friends take him to the local emergency room. His blood pH is 7.28. What does this mean? A. Eli's blood is slightly alkaline. B. Eli's blood is slightly acidic. C. Eli's blood is within normal range.

B. Eli's blood is slightly acidic.

Most of the chemical reactions in the body are facilitated by which of the following? A. Concentration B. Enzymes C. Pressure D. Temperature

B. Enzymes

Which of the following phases is characterized by preparation for DNA synthesis? A. G0 B. G1 C. G2 D. S

B. G1

What is the study of the larger structures of the body, visible WITHOUT the aid of magnification? A. Regional anatomy B. Gross anatomy C. Systemic anatomy D. Microscopic anatomy

B. Gross anatomy

Choose the genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele. A. Hemophilia B. Huntington's disease C. Sickle-cell anemia D. Tay-Sachs disease

B. Huntington's disease

Which of the following types of substances dissolve in water? A. Hydrophobic B. Hydrophilic C. Nonpolar covalent substances

B. Hydrophilic

The sternal angle is which of these? A. Junction between the body and xiphoid process B. Junction between the manubrium and body C. Site for attachment of the clavicle D. Site for attachment of the floating ribs

B. Junction between the manubrium and body

Which organ system is responsible for returning fluid to blood and defending against pathogens? A. Respiratory system B. Lymphatic system C. Cardiovascular system D. Digestive system

B. Lymphatic system

What are organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, within the human body often referred to as? A. Complex molecules B. Macromolecules C. Polymers

B. Macromolecules

In which phase are the chromatids aligning across the center of the cell? A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

B. Metaphase

Which body plane divides the body vertically into equal right and left sides? A. Frontal plane B. Midsagittal plane C. Sagittal plane D. Transverse plane

B. Midsagittal plane

Which organ system is responsible for enabling movement and helping to maintain body temperature? A. Cardiovascular system B. Muscular system C. Skeletal system D. Nervous system

B. Muscular system

Which Of Mendel's laws states that when any individual produces sex cells, gametes, the copies of gene separate, so that each sex cell, gamete, receives only one copy. A gamete will receive one allele or the other? A. Incomplete dominance B. Principle of segregation C. Recessive trait D. Sickle cell

B. Principle of segregation

A typical vertebrae will consist of a body, a vertebral arch and how many processes? A. Four B. Seven C. Six D. Three

B. Seven

Which organ system is responsible for supporting the weight of the body and enabling movement? A. Muscular system B. Skeletal system C. Integumentary system D. Respiratory system

B. Skeletal system

Nitrogen has an atomic number of seven. How many electron shells does it likely have? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four

B. Two

DNA, and the genes found on the strands of DNA, contain information necessary for synthesizing which type of material? A. glucose B. proteins C. ATP D. DNA E. carbohydrates

B. proteins

The cervical region of the vertebral column consists of ________. A. five vertebrae B. seven vertebrae C. a single bone derived from the fusion of five vertebrae D. twelve vertebrae E. ten vertebrae

B. seven vertebrae

How many vertebrae are located in the thoracic region? A. 5 B. 7 C. 12 D. 22

C. 12

How many distinct levels of organization are there in the human body? A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

C. 6

In terms of the anatomy of the skull, a suture is ______________. A. An external structure that coincides with the major arteries of the brain. B. A movable joint between the bones of the skull C. An immovable joint between bones of the skull D. Completely fixed and solid at the time of an infant's birth. E. In an adult, is very easily fractured (broken.)

C. An immovable joint between bones of the skull

Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule would be complementary to GCTTATAT? A. TAGGCGCG B. ATCCGCGC C. CGAATATA D. TGCCTCTC E. None of the above

C. CGAATATA

Which organ system is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and equalizing the temperature in the body? A. Endocrine system B. Muscular system C. Cardiovascular system D. Respiratory system

C. Cardiovascular system

Which of the following statements about chemical bonds is true? A. A molecule of water is unlikely to bond with an ion. B. Bonding readily occurs between nonpolar and polar molecules. C. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds. D. Hydrogen bonds occur between two atoms of hydrogen.

C. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.

The process when the cytoplasm actually divides into two separate cells is named _________. A. Meiosis B. Prophase C. Cytokinesis D. Mitosis E. Interphase

C. Cytokinesis

The jelly-like substance found within cells that provides the fluid medium necessary for biochemical reactions is called ________. A. Alcohol B. Synovial fluid C. Cytosol D. Petroleum E. Water

C. Cytosol

Which of the following is NOT a difference between DNA and RNA? A. RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded B. DNA contains thymine whereas RNA contains uracil C. DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars D. DNA contains deoxyribose and RNA contains ribose E. They have completely different functions.

C. DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars

Which organ system is responsible for processing food used by the body and removing waste from undigested food? A. Reproductive system B. Urinary system C. Digestive system D. Respiratory system

C. Digestive system

In a negative feedback system, what is component that causes a change to reverse the situation and return to the value in the normal range? A. Stimulus B. Control Center C. Effector D. Sensor

C. Effector

Which organ system is responsible for secreting hormones and regulating bodily processes? A. Cardiovascular system B. Lymphatic system C. Endocrine system D. Respiratory system

C. Endocrine system

A molecule (or region of a molecule) that is attracted to water is known as a(n) _________ molecule. A. Integral B. Bi-layerd C. Hydrophilic D. Bipolar E. Hydrophobic

C. Hydrophilic

Which organ system is responsible for returning fluid to blood and defending against pathogens? A. Digestive system B. Cardiovascular system C. Lymphatic system D. Respiratory system

C. Lymphatic system

The stage of the cell cycle during which two new and fully functional nuclei are formed is called ________. A. G2 B. S C. M D. G3 E. G1

C. M

This directional term describes the middle or direction towards the middle of the body. A. Distal B. Lateral C. Medial D. Proximal

C. Medial

CH4 is methane and what type of compound? A. A Crystal B. Inorganic C. Organic D. Reactive

C. Organic

What type of cells can be extracted from human embryonic stem cells? A. Multipotent B. Oligopotent C. Pluripotent D. Totipotent

C. Pluripotent

Which medical imaging technique uses radiopharmaceutical tracing to reveal metabolic and physiological functions in tissues? A. Computed tomography (CT) B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) C. Positron emission tomography (PET) D. Ultrasonography

C. Positron emission tomography (PET)

The energy stored in a foot of snow on a steep roof is what kind of energy? A. Activation B. Kinetic C. Potential D. Radiant

C. Potential

Which of the following is NOT a role of glycocalyces? A. Contain enzymes to break down nutrients B. Contain molecules that allow the cell to bind to other cells C. Prevent donated organ rejection D. Contain receptors for hormones

C. Prevent donated organ rejection

Which organ system is responsible for producing sex hormones and producing milk for an infant? A. Urinary system B. Lymphatic system C. Reproductive system D. Endocrine system

C. Reproductive system

What scientist is given credit for coming up with the concept of the cell? A. Galileo B. Michael Curie C. Robert Hooke D. Michelangelo E. Albert Einstein

C. Robert Hooke

This directional term describes a position closer to the surface of the body. A. Deep B. Medial C. Superficial D. Superior

C. Superficial

This directional term describes a position above or higher than another part of the body. A. Inferior B. Anterior C. Superior D. Posterior

C. Superior

How many bases found on a gene translate for any one amino acid? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four E. Five

C. Three

What does the phospholipid bilayer consist of? A. Intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid B. No proteins or fatty acids C. Two adjacent sheets of phospholipids D. Glycerol and phosphate

C. Two adjacent sheets of phospholipids

What does the phospholipid bilayer consist of? A. No proteins or fatty acids B. Intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid C. Two adjacent sheets of phospholipids D. Glycerol and phosphate

C. Two adjacent sheets of phospholipids

What is the most critical nutrient for the human body? A. Lipids B. Proteins C. Water D. Carbohydrates

C. Water

Physiology... A. cannot be studied all by itself. B. is the study of the interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region. C. explains how the structures of the body work together to maintain life. D. is the study of the structures of the body. E. is the study of the structures that make up a discrete body system.

C. explains how the structures of the body work together to maintain life.

The largest and most prominent of a cell's organelles is its __________. A. ribosome B. nucleolus C. nucleus D. mitochondrion E. Golgi apparatus

C. nucleus

The most direct method by which an ion or molecule can move across a cell membrane is by ____________. A. osmosis B. using an integral protein C. simple diffusion D. a sodium-potassium pump E. active transport

C. simple diffusion

Which of the following is a function of the axial skeleton? A. allows for movement of the wrist and hand B. protects nerves and blood vessels at the elbow C. supports trunk of body D. allows for movements of the ankle and foot E. None of the above are functions of the axial skeleton.

C. supports trunk of body

How many "functions" of human life are there? A. 4 B. 3 C. 5 D. 6

D. 6

How many abdominal regions are there? A. 4 B. 6 C. 7 D. 9

D. 9

A DNA molecule has which of the following 3-dimensional structures? A. A linear chain of proteins B. A circular array of nucleotides C. A double-stranded array of proteins D. A double-stranded array of sugar-phosphate groups linked together by "bases" E. None of the above

D. A double-stranded array of sugar-phosphate groups linked together by "bases"

The process named "transcription" occurs within the cell nucleus. ___________ is produced during this process. A. A pRNA B. A ribosome C. A tRNA molecule D. A mRNA molecule E. A very short amino acid chain

D. A mRNA molecule

In terms of the anatomy of the skull, a suture is ______________. A. In an adult, is very easily fractured (broken.) B. Completely fixed and solid at the time of an infant's birth. C. An external structure that coincides with the major arteries of the brain. D. An immovable joint between bones of the skull E. A movable joint between the bones of the skull

D. An immovable joint between bones of the skull

What is the metabolic process whereby smaller, simpler molecules are combined into larger, more complex substances? A. Catabolism B. Differentiation C. Organization D. Anabolism

D. Anabolism

The macrostructure of DNA is which of the following? A. Histones > DNA Helix > Nucleosome > Chromatin > Chromosome B. DNA helix > Nucleosome > Histones > Chromatin > Chromosome C. DNA helix > Nucleosome > Histones > Chromosome > Chromatin D. DNA helix > Histones > Nucleosome > Chromatin > Chromosome

D. DNA helix > Histones > Nucleosome > Chromatin > Chromosome

The state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things is called this. A. Homeostatic B. Homostasis C. Homosapien D. Homeostasis

D. Homeostasis

A typical vertebrae has which of these? A. A pair of laterally projecting spinous processes B. A superior articular process that projects downward to articulate with the superior portion of the next lower vertebra C. A vertebral foramen that passes through the body D. Lamina that spans between the transverse process and spinous process

D. Lamina that spans between the transverse process and spinous process

Marfan syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Female offspring are more likely to be carriers of the disease. B. Female offspring are more likely to inherit the disease. C. Male offspring are more likely to inherit the disease. D. Male and female offspring have the same likelihood of inheriting the disease.

D. Male and female offspring have the same likelihood of inheriting the disease.

Which is the only movable bone of the skull? A. Zygomatic bone B. Frontal bone C. Parietal bone D. Mandible bone

D. Mandible bone

A ____________ is a membranous, bean-shaped organelle that is called the "energy transformer" of the cell. A. Nucleolus B. Ribosome C. Nucleus D. Mitochondrion E. Golgi apparatus

D. Mitochondrion

All of the genetic material inside a cell is located in the ________. A. Centrioles B. Ribosomes C. Golgi apparatus D. Nucleus E. Mitochondria

D. Nucleus

What are the tiny functioning units found within the cytoplasm called? A. Organisms B. Organs C. Organ systems D. Organelles

D. Organelles

This is the highest level of organization and can independently perform all the physiologic functions necessary for life. A. Cellular B. Tissue C. System D. Organism

D. Organism

A molecule of ammonia contains one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen. These are linked with which of the following? A. Hydrogen bonds B. Ionic bonds C. Nonpolar covalent bonds D. Polar covalent bonds

D. Polar covalent bonds

This directional term describes the back or towards the back of the body. A. Superior B. Anterior C. Inferior D. Posterior

D. Posterior

The characteristic that gives an element its distinctive properties is its number of what? A. Atoms B. Electrons C. Neutrons D. Protons

D. Protons

This directional term describes a position in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body. A. Distal B. Lateral C. Medial D. Proximal

D. Proximal

Which of the following structures could be found within the nucleolus? A. Chromatin B. Histones C. Nucleosomes D. Ribosomes

D. Ribosomes

Almost all of the liver of a human being is located in which abdominopelvic quadrant? A. Right lower quadrant (RLQ) B. Epigastric quadrant C. Left lower quadrant (LLQ) D. Right upper quadrant (RUQ) E. Left upper quadrant (LUQ)

D. Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

A substance formed of crystals of equal numbers of cations and anions held together by ionic bonds is called what? A. Dipole B. Electrolyte C. Noble gas D. Salt

D. Salt

This is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates? A. Median point B. Average point C. Normal point D. Set point

D. Set point

Passive transport resembles which of these processes the most? A. Active transport B. Electrical gradient C. Facilitated diffusion D. Simple diffusion

D. Simple diffusion

The cells that make up nearly all of the body contain an equal number of chromosomes that they receive from each parent. These are called ________ cells. A. Duplex cells B. Mitotic cells C. Bipolar cells D. Somatic cells E. Sex cells

D. Somatic cells

Cholesterol is what type of molecule? A. Carbohydrate B. Prostaglandin C. Protein D. Steroid

D. Steroid

What is a primary function of tumor suppressor genes? A. Allow the cell to skip certain phases of the cell cycle. B. Help oncogenes produce oncoproteins. C. Stop all cells from dividing. D. Stop certain cells from dividing.

D. Stop certain cells from dividing.

Which of the following is a dissacharide? A. Fructose B. Glucose C. Ribose D. Sucrose

D. Sucrose

When a body is lying in a face up orientation, it is said to be in what type of position? A. Prone B. Distal C. Inferior D. Supine

D. Supine

A group of many similar cells that work together to perform a specific function is referred to as this level of organization. A. Organ B. Cellular C. Chemical D. Tissue

D. Tissue

Which stem cells have the most potential to differentiate into any cells needed by an organism? A. Multipotent B. Oligopotent C. Pluripotent D. Totipotent

D. Totipotent

What is the name of the process during which a chain of amino acids called a polypeptide is synthesized? A. Splicing B. Synthesizing C. Transcription D. Translation E. Trans-section

D. Translation

Which medical imaging technique uses the transmission of high-frequency sound waves into the body to generate an echo signal that is converted into a real-time image? A. Computed tomography (CT) B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) C. Positron emission tomography (PET) D. Ultrasonography

D. Ultrasonography

Which medical imaging technique are best used to visualize hard body structures such as teeth and bones? A. Computed tomography (CT) B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) C. Positron emission tomography (PET) D. X-ray imaging

D. X-ray imaging

Which of these is not one of the fundamental chemical reactions? A. Decomposition B. Exchange C. Synthesis D. Yield

D. Yield

Zoe has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? A. Zoe probably inherited one faulty allele from her father, who is a carrier, and one normal allele from her mother. B. Zoe probably inherited one faulty allele from her mother, who must also have cystic fibrosis, and one normal allele from her father. C. Zoe must have inherited faulty alleles from both parents, both of whom must also have cystic fibrosis. D. Zoe must have inherited faulty alleles from both parents, both of whom are carriers.

D. Zoe must have inherited faulty alleles from both parents, both of whom are carriers.

The paranasal sinuses are ________. A. air-filled spaces found within all bones of the skull B. divided at the midline by the nasal septum C. not connected to the nasal cavity D. air-filled spaces found within the frontal, maxilla, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones E. All of the above are correct

D. air-filled spaces found within the frontal, maxilla, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones

True ribs are ________. A. ribs 8-12 B. attached via their costal cartilage to the next higher rib C. made entirely of bone, and thus do not have a costal cartilage D. attached via their costal cartilage directly to the sternum E. All of the above are correct.

D. attached via their costal cartilage directly to the sternum

The skeletal system forms the rigid internal framework of the body. It consists of ________. A. bones B. cartilage C. ligaments D. tendons E. A, B, and C are correct

E. A, B, and C are correct

Which of the following statements is/are true? A. The heart is located in the thoracic cavity. B. The lungs are located in the abdominal cavity. C. The brain is located in the cranial cavity. D. The intestines are located in the abdominal cavity. E. A, C, and D are all correct and true.

E. A, C, and D are all correct and true.

Because of their unique molecular structures, only the following bases found in DNA can bind together: A. A to T B. T to A C. C to G D. G to C E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following statements is(are) correct when discussing homeostasis? A. Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously monitor its internal conditions. B. A sensor, also referred to a receptor, is a component of a feedback system that monitors a physiological value. C. This value is then reported to the control center. The control center is the component in a feedback system that compares the value to the normal range. D. If there is a condition that needs to be changed, an effector is the component in a feedback system that causes a change to reverse the situation and return the value to the normal range. E. All of the above are correct/true.

E. All of the above are correct/true.

Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct? A. Regional anatomy is the study of the interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region B. Systemic anatomy is the study of the structures that make up a discrete body system. C. Your study of anatomy and physiology will make more sense if you continually relate the form of the structures you are studying to their function. D. Like most scientific disciplines, anatomy has areas of specialization. E. All of the above statements are true.

E. All of the above statements are true.

Which of the following statements is true? A. Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body's structures. B. Gross anatomy is the study of the larger structures of the body. C. C. Microscopic anatomy is the study of structures that can be observed only with the use of a microscope or other magnification devices. D. Human physiology is the scientific study of the chemistry and physics of the structures of the body and how they work together to support the functions of life. E. All of the above statements are true.

E. All of the above statements are true.

Which of the following are considered primary requirements of life for a multi-celled organism? A. Oxygen B. Water and other nutrients C. A controlled temperature in which to live D. A narrow range of atmospheric pressure E. All the above are primary requirements of life for a multi-celled organism.

E. All the above are primary requirements of life for a multi-celled organism.

Every cell in an animal is separated from other cells and from the extracellular environment by a cell (plasma) membrane. Which of the following are found inside the cell membrane? A. cilia B. blood C. cellular fluids D. organelles E. Both C and D are correct.

E. Both C and D are correct.

Which of the following statements is/are true? A. The head is inferior to the chest. B. The feet are superior to the knees C. The upper extremities are lateral to the abdomen. D. The hands are distal to the elbows. E. Both C and D are correct.

E. Both C and D are correct.

A ______ cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells. A. Haploid cell B. Somatic cell C. Sex cell D. Diploid cell E. Stem cell

E. Stem cell

Ribs number 1-7 are also called ______ ribs. Each of these attach directly to the sternum via their costal cartilage. Ribs 8-12 are also called ______ ribs. These ribs either attach to the sternum indirectly or not at all. A. Fixed; false B. True; floating C. Fixed; floating D. Fixed; non-fixed E. True; false

E. True; false

The smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism is a(an): A. organ B. atom C. tissue D. molecule E. cell

E. cell

The smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism is a(an): A. organ B. molecule C. tissue D. atom E. cell

E. cell

Which type of stem cell gives rise to red and white blood cells? A. endothelial B. epithelial C. blood D. mesenchymal E. hematopoietic

E. hematopoietic

Transcription and translation take place in the ________ and ________, respectively. A. ribosome; cytoplasm B. cytoplasm; nucleus C. nucleolus; cytoplasm D. nucleolus; nucleus E. nucleus; cytoplasm

E. nucleus; cytoplasm