Sun and Moon

Give examples of how the work of many scientists over time has led to our current understanding of the solar system.

We know that Earth is not the center of the solar system, the sun is the center. We know the number and order of the planets and that they move in an orbit shaped like an ellipse, not a circle.

Core

What is # 1?

Radiative zone

What is #2?

Convective zone

What is #3?

Photosphere

What is #4?

Corona

What is #6?

Sunspot

What is #7?

Prominence

What is #9?

Chromosphere

What is 3%?

Chat about Copernicus

1543: Further developed heliocentric model; worked out arrangement of known planets

Chat about Galileo

1610: Used a telescope to make discoveries that supported the heliocentric model.

In the 1500's who further developed the heliocentric explanation for the motion of the planets?

Nicolaus Coperinicus

The corona looks like a _______ ______ around the sun.

white halo

What were 2 observations that Galileo made through his telescope that supported the heliocentric model?

1. Four moons revolve around Jupiter 2. Venus goes through phases similar to Earth's moon.

What is the outermost layer of the sun's interior?

Convection Zone

Name 2 scientists whose ideas about the solar system are largely accepted today.

Copernicus and Ptolemy

Chat about Kepler

Early 1600's: found that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse

In a geometric system, what is at the center of the universe?

Earth

True or False: The sun's interior consists of the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona.

False

Prominences

Huge, reddish loops of gas that often link different parts of sunspot regions

What is an ellipse?

It is an oval shape which may be elongated or nearly circular

Chat about Brahe

Late 1500's: Carefully observed and recorded the positions of the planets without using a telescope.

What did the Romans name the points of light that the Greeks called planets?

Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn

What layer are you looking at when you look at the sun?

Photosphere

Solar Flares

Prominences connect, and release large amounts of energy. The energy heats gas on the sun to millions of degrees Celsius, causing the gas to erupt into space.

How was Ptolemy's model different from the earlier Greek model?

Ptolemy thought that Earth was at the center of a system of planets and stars. However, Ptolemy's model was different because he thought that planets move on small circles that move on bigger circles.

In the ________ zone, energy produced in the core of the sun moves outward through the middle layer.

Radiation

What does the solar system consist of?

The sun, the planets and their moons, and several kinds of smaller objects that revolve around the sun.

True or False: The radiation zone is a region of very tightly packed gas where energy is transferred mainly in the form of electromagnetic radiation.

True

sunspot

a dark area of gas on the sun's surface that is cooler than surrounding gas

prominence

a huge, reddish loo of gas that protrudes from the sun's surface, linking part os the sunspot regions

heliocentric

a model of the solar system in which Earth and the other planets revolve around the sun

geocentric

a model of the universe in which earth is at the center of the revolving planets and stars

radiation zone

a region of very tightly packed gas in the sun's interior where energy is transferred mainly in the form of light

solar wind

a stream of electrically charged particles that emanate from the sun's corona

solar flare

an eruption of gas from the sun's surface the occurs when the loops in sunspot region suddenly connect

ellipse

an oval shape, which may be elongated or nearly circular; the shape of the planets' orbits

Sunspots

areas of gas on the sun's surface that are cooler than the gases around them

What does the greek word chroma mean?

color

The Sun produces an enormous amount of energy in its _______.

core

True or False: The chromosphere is what you look at when you see the sun.

false

What do you call a solar system in which all the planets revolve around the sun?

heliocentric

What does the greek word photo mean?

light

The Sun's energy in the core comes from what type of fusion?

nuclear

What is the inner layer of the sun's atmosphere?

photosphere

The sun's atmosphere includes the _________, the _________, and the __________.

photosphere, chromosphere, corona

What type of glow comes from the chromosphere? (what color)

reddish

During a total ______ eclipse, the moon blocks the light from the photosphere and the corona becomes visible.

solar

Corona turns into streams of electrically charged particles called the _____ _____.

solar wind

core

the central region of the sun, where nuclear fusion takes place

What 3 things does the sun's interior consist of?

the core, the radiation zone, and the convection zone

photosphere

the inner layer of the sun's atmosphere that gives off its visible light

chromosphere

the middle layer of the sun's atmosphere

corona

the outer layer of the sun's atmosphere

convection zone

the outermost layer of the sun's interior

nuclear fusion

the process by which hydrogen atoms join together in the sun's core to form helium