SWOS Chapter 5-9 Test
Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
A chip on the motherboard of the computer that is designed to securely store encryption keys and certificates
User profile
A collection of desktop and environment configurations for a specific user or group of users. By default, each user has a separate profile stored in C:\Users.
Arp
A command-line utility that can be used to display and manage the ARP table, which maps IPv4 addresses to physical MAC addresses.
Hostname
A command-line utility that can be used to identify the name of the computer.
netstat
A command-line utility tool that displays network connections for the Transmission Control Protocol, routing tables, and a number of the netowkr interface and network protocol
AppLocker
A feature in Windows 10 that is used to define which programs are allowed to run. Replacement for the software restriction policies found in Windows XP and Windows Vista
Windows Update for Business
A free service for Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise, and Education editions that can provide updates to your users based on distribution rings
peer-to-peer network
A network where all computers store their own security information and share data.
Domain-Based Network
A network where security information is stored centrally in Active Directory.
Default user account
A new account in Windows 10. Disabled and does not display on the sign-in screen. Should not be modified in any way. Is undocumented and managed by Windwos 10
Mandatory profile
A profile that cannot be changed by users. NTUSER.DAT is renamed to NTUSER.MAN.
APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)
A service available on computers running one of the Windows operating systems that automatically assigns the computer's network interface a link-local IP address.
WINS
A system used to resolve computer NetBIOS names to IP addresses
Printer Command Language (PCL)
Aids in telling the printer what to do.
Link-local unicast
Allows computers in a local network to communicate with each other without requiring the use of a router
Client
Allows you to connect to a service running on a remote computer
Service
Allows your computer to accept connections from and provide resources to a remote computer
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
An automated mechanism to assign IP addresses and IP configuration information over the network.
BitLocker
Data encryption feature included in Windows 10. Can encrypt the operating system partition of a hard drive and protect system files from modification
route
Displays and modifies information in the local routing table
Document format in addition to page description lagnauge
Domain Name System (DNS)
Essential to communicate on a TCP/IP network. Accesses internet servers such as web sites.
Branch Office Printing
Feature that allows Windows 10 computers to print directly to a printer shared from a print server rather than sending the print job through the print server Used when the client and printer are in the same physical location but print server is in a different location
Administators
Full access to computers Initial account created during installation, is also a member of this group by default
Client Hyper-V
Hypervisor used for virtual computing
Metadata
Information or properties for a file or other object. Windows 10 allows you to include tags as additional metadata for files.
What is ntvdm.exe. What does it do?
NT Virtual DOS Machine. A virtual environment to run DOS applications.
postscript
Oldest and best supported page description language. Most common page description language
What is the purpose of Windows 10 Package Management feature?
Provide the ability to obtain software from a central repository
tracert
Provides similar information as the ping command, but shows responses times for every router on the path to the destination.
What are the two tools that can be used to modify the registry? Which is graphical and which is command-line based?
Registry Editor(regedit), graphical Powershell, Command-Line
User Account
Required account used for authentication to prove the identity of a person signing in to Windows 10.
ipconfig
Shows the IPv4 and IPv6 configuration. You can also display some DNS information
Spyware
Software that is silently installed on your computer, monitors your behavior, and performs actions based on your behavior. Sometimes installed when you visit a website. Installed along with other software.
loopback address
The IP address 127.0.0.1 that is used to represent the local computer itself on the network.
Initial Default User Account
The account with administrative privileges created during the installation of Windows 10
Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database
The database used by Windows 10 to store local user and group information.
Private Network
The location type that is used for trusted networks where limited security is required, for example, a small office.
Public Network
The location type that is used for untrusted networks where high security is required, for example, a public wireless hotspot.
Domain Network
The location type that is used when a computer joined to a domain is on the domain network, for example a corporate office.
Default profile
The profile that is copied when new user profiles are created.
Auditing
The security process that records the occurrence of specific operating system events in the Security log.
IP Address
The unique address used by computers on an IPv4 or IPv6 network.
XML
XML Paper Specification Document format and page description language Used by Microsoft internally in printing process
Guest Default User Account
a built-in Windows 10 account with minimal privileges intended to give very limited access to Windows 10. This account is disabled by default.
nslookup
a network administration command-line tool available for many computer operating systems for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) to obtain domain name or IP address mapping or for any other specific DNS record.
Ping
a networking utility program or a tool to test if a particular host is reachable
Mask
a number that defines which part of an IP address is the network ID and which part is the host ID
Hash encryption
a one-way encryption algorithm that created a unique identifier that can be used to determine whether data has been changed.
Public Profile
a profile that is merged with all other user profiles. This profile does not contain an Ntuser.dat file
Default Gateway
a router on the local network that is used to deliver packets to remote networks
Multicast
a type of address that is shared by multiple computers or devices. All hosts in the multicast group listen for communication on the shared address and all can respond.
Roaming Profiles
a user profile that is stored in a network location and is accessible from multiple computers. The profile moves with users from computer to computer.
IPv6
addresses that are represented in hexadecimal, with each four-digit segment separated by colons.
asymmetric encryption
an encryption algorithm that uses two keys to encrypt and decrypt data. Data encrypted with one key is decrypted by the other key.
EFS (Encrypting File System)
an encryption technology for individual files and folders that can be enabled by users
Global unicast
can be routed as a public address on the internet through routers and networks
IPv4 Address
most commonly displayed in dotted decimal notation
Anycast
multiple devices can share the same anycast address and respond to other computers without an IP address conflict.
Unique local unicast
replacement address type for the deprecated site-local address type
Special addresses
two special addresses exist in IPv6, the loopback address an the unspecified address
Administrator Default User Account
type of user account that is made a member of the Administrators local group and has full rights tot he system
Symmetric Encryption
Uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt data. The key is a long number that is hard to guess. Used by both EFS and Bitlocker Drive Encryption.
