SYG 1000 Midterm
The analysis of documents such as medical records, diaries, etc, uses which of the following types of data?
Existing sources
Groups we use standards to evaluate ourselves are called? Pg. 133
reference group
Why is it hard to recognize the values and beliefs of your culture are learned rather than innate? Pg. 78 bottom & 79
Because you learn them slowly over time
How does an individual come to possess and achieve status? Pg. 117
Earned
Aparthied is a specific example of what system of social stratification? Pg. 185-186
Caste system
What do socoloigoists claim is the most significant component of culture?
Language
Which of the following is not a subculture? Pg. 86
THE KKK, they are a counter culture
What is the sociological imagination? Pg. 13
A quality of the mind that allows us to understand the relationship between our individual circumstances and larger social forces.
According to Durkheim, this interdependence gives rise to what? Pg. 22
Organic solidarity
Appearance, manner, style of dress, race, gender, and age are all elements of what? Pg. 108
An individuals personal front
Traditionally, most of the sociological literature on deviance focuses on? Pg. 153
Crime
The social sciences are all those disciplines that study
The human and social world
How do sociologists observe society?
The way they interact and influence each other
What is a position in the social heiarchy called that comes with a set of expectations? Pg. 116
Status
What do we call norm violations that are codefined by the law? Pg. 153 and 170
Crime
Although branding is no longer used as a form of punishment in the US some subcultures have adopted it as a form of body art. This demonstrates that... Pg. 155
Deviance changes over time
The idea that individuals can learn to be deviant by interacting with others that are already deviant is called? Pg. 158 & 159
Differential Association Theory
What concept is the tendency of using your own groups way of doing things as the yardstick for judging others? Pg. 78
Ethnocentrism
Which methodology most closely resembles the scientific method? Pg. 58
Experiments
Erving goffman... con game... impressions others have of them... what does goffman call this process?
Impression management
Symbolic interactionism argues that people act toward things on the basis of their meaning...according to this perspective how does meaning arise?
Interactions with others
Which of the following approaches best describe the approach taken by the macro sociologists Pg. 16-18
Large-scale social structures in order to determine how they affect the lives of groups and individuals- Assumes that society's larger structures shape those individual interactions.
In America, a married man who has several mistresses is violating a __________ but if he's married to more than one woman he is violating a ___________. Pg. 84 & 85
More, law
Several cases of children growing up in extreme isolation documented by kings lee davis suggests that... Pg. 103 & 104
Most mental capacity are learned through social interaction
A monetary fine, harsh words, and a raised fist are examples of what? Pg. 85
Negative sanction
A paradigm shift that is a break in the major assumptions...for social scientist what causes a paradigm shift? Pg. 45
Occur when new data force new ways of looking at the world-methods are what generate data.
Which of the following is not an example of something that would be apart of someones symbolic culture? Pg. 81-83
Political party
Which of the following is not a true a statement about primary groups? Pg. 127
Primary groups are groups which we are intimately associated with the other members, such as families and close friends. primary groups are typically involved in more face to face interaction, greater cooperation, and deeper feelings of belonging. members associate themselves with each other to solely spend time with them.
What did murten call a prediction that came true because the prediction was made Pg. 160 and 161
Self-fullfilling prophecy
What system of stratification is used in capitalist societies? Pg. 186
Social class
Sociologisits refer to the webs of direct and indirect ties connecting individuals to others who influence them as.. Pg. 128 & 129
Social network
How is the study of culture different for sociologists than anthropologists? Pg.77
Sociologsists study the culture they belong to, anthrologoists study other cultures.
The nature vs nurture debate helps us understand...? Pg. 101
That there is a complex relationship between nature and nurture, it is our social environment that determines whether we fall short of that potential, and we are subject to social influences from the moment we are born and only get stronger. *(How biology and environment both impact us)*
What criteria does a social class use to stratify its members? Pg. 186
Wealth, property, power, prestige
Which of the following would sociologists consider the best definition of deviance? Pg. 153
a behavior, trait, or belief that departs from a norm or generates a negative reaction in a particular group.
What is the scientific method or approach? Pg. 43
a procedure for acquiring knowledge that emphasizes collecting concrete data through observation and experiment and verifying empirical knowledge.
How is the term master status defined? Pg. 117
a status that is always relevant and affects all other statuses we possess.
What are the tastes, habits, and expectations called that children inheret or learn from their parents that help them achieve material success in life? Pg. 193-194
cultural capital
What do sociologists call awareness of our own and others class statuses? Pg. 194-195
everyday class consciousness
Why does the family have such a powerful impact as a agent of socialization? Pg. 111
family is the original group to where we belong. early social and emotional bonds are created, where language is learned, and where we first begin to internalize the norms and values of society.
What do sociologists call patterns of interaction between groups and individuals? Pg. 132
group dynamics
When writing questions for a survey, researchers must avoid all of the following except. Pg. 54
open ended questions
When individuals are members of groups they are influenced by other members of their group. What do sociologisirs call this? Pg. 138
peer pressure
Socialization refers to the...? Pg. 101-103
process of learning and internalizing the values, beliefs, and norms of our social group, by which we become functioning members of society.
What factors can lead to increase group cohesion? Pg. 137
rely heavily on interpersonal factors such as shares values and shared demographic traits like race, ethnicity, age, gender, or class. Also relies on an attraction to the group as a whole or members ability to achieve goals.
When a parent has to decide to be on time for what or help their children with their homework they are experiencing what? Pg. 117
role conflict
How does sociologists distinguish a group from a crowd? Pg. 127
sociologists refer a group to a collection of people who not only share some attribute but also identify with one another and have ongoing social relations-like a family, soccer team, sorority. a crowd such as the throngs of sightseers at a tourist attraction or people who gather to watch a fire would not be considered a group in sociological sense.
Which of the following is not one of the four predominant agents of socialization in contemporary society? Pg. 111
the four predominant agents of socialization are - the family -schools -peers -the mass media
The looking glass self explains...? Pg. 105 & 106
the self develops through our perception of others' evaluations and appraisals of us
The term "total institution" applies to which of the following? Pg. 116
total institutions are things such as : - cults -prisions -mental hospitals some cases, boarding schools, nursing homes, monasteries, and the military.