System Analyzing and Design Chapter 1

Deliverable

A polished, final product, suitable for its intended use. End products or deliverables often coincide with the completion of each SDLC phase.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

A process that establishes an enterprise-wide strategy for IT resources. ERP defines a specific architecture, including standards for data, processing, network, and user interface design.

Iterative

A process that repeats a series of steps over and over until the desired outcome is obtained.

Waterfall Model

A series of steps in which a software system trickles down from analysis to design to implementation.

mission-critical system

A system that is vital to a company's operations.

Structured analysis

A traditional systems development technique that uses phases to plan, analyze, design, implement, and support an information system. Processes and data are treated as separate components.

System analyst

A valued member of the IT department team who helps plan, develop, and maintain information systems

Supply chain

All companies who provide materials, services, and functions and functions needed to providea product to a custumer

Knowledge base system

Allow users to find information by entering keywords

Prototype

An early working version of an information system

Business Profile

An overview of a company's mission, functions, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction

Managment Information Systems (MIS)

Business function, like accounting and human resources, which moves information about people, products, and processes across the company to facilitate descision making and problme solving

Empowerment

Business practice that places reponsibility and accountablity throughout all levels of an organization

Properties

Characteristics used to describe an object

Class

Collection of similar objects

Object-oriented analysis

Combines data and the processes that act on the data into objects

Information System

Combines technology, people, and data to provide support for business functions such as order processing, inventory control, human resources, accounting, and many more.

CASE

Computer Aided Software Engineering

Hardware

Consists of everything in the physical layer of the information system

Processes

Describe the tasks and business functions that users, managers, and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results

Business model

Describes the information that a system must provide

Vertical system

Designed to meet the unique requirements of a specific business or industry

Enterprise Applications

Examples of company-wide applications, called ____, include order processing systems, payroll systems, and company communications networks.

Components of a system

Hardware, Software, Data, Processes, People

Enterprise Computing

Information systems that require support company wide operations and data management requirements

Feasibility study

Initial investigation to clearly identify the nature and scope of the business oportunity or problem

Ecomerce

Internet based comerce

Inference rules

Logical rules that identify data patterns and relationships

Business Functions

Marketing, Finance, Human Resource Management, IT, and Operations Management

Legacy System

Older information systems that are often incompatible with other systems, technologies, and ways of conducting business. Incompatible legacy systems can be a major roadblock to turning data into information, and they can inhibit firm agility, holding back operational and strategic initiatives.

Supervisors and Team Leaders

Oversee operational employees and carry out day-to-day functions

Technical Support

Performs all installations of hardware and software, sometimes provides basic training on equipment, catch all overflow work from the director or supervisor above them.

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

Process data generated by day to day business operations

app

Program designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks.

Software

Programs that control the hardware and produce the desired infomormation or results

Systems planning phase

Purpose is to perform a preliminary investigation

Systems support and security

Purpose to IT staff to maintain, enhance and protect the system

Systems analysis phase

Purpose to build a logical model of the new system.

System Design Phase

Purpose to create a physical model that will satisfy all documneted requirments

System implementation

Purpose to deliver a completely functioning and documented information system

Operational Employees

Rely on TP systems to enter and receive data they need to perform their jobs

Systems analysis and design

Step-by-step process for developing high-quality information systems

Horizontal system

System that can be adapted for use in many different types of companies

Business Support Systems

Systems that provide job-related information support to users at all levels of a company

Information Technology (IT)

The combination of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage, communicate and share information

Moore's Law

The number of transistors on an integrated circuit or microchip would double every 24 months

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

The overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance

Agile methods

Trend that stresses intense interaction between system developers and users

Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

a graphical description of the flow of data within an organization, including data sources/destinations, data flows, transformation processes, and data storage

Business Process

a specific set of transactions, events, and results that can be described and documented

scaleable

able to change size easily

Spiral Model

an adaptive SDLC approach that cycles over and over again through development activities until completion

Application Software

consists of programs that support day to day business functions and provide users with the information they need.

Business process model

graphic description of a process

user productivity systems

include e-mail, voice mail, fax, video and Web conferencing, word processing, automated calendars, database management, spreadsheets, desktop publishing, presentation graphics, company intranets, and integrated mobile computing systems

Stakeholders

include the management group responsible for the system, the users inside and outside the company who will interact with the system, and IT staff members who develop and support the system

Business process modeling notation

international standard for creating business process diagrams

Top Managers

make long-term decisions about the overall direction of the organization and establish the objectives, policies, and strategies for it

System Software

manages the hardware componets, which can include a single computer or a global network with many thousands of clients

Modeling

produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that a systems developers can analyze, test, and modify.

Middle Managers

provide direction, necessary resources and performance feedback to supervisors and team leaders

RFID

radio frequency identification, similar to barcodes

System

set if related components that produces specific results

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

the computer-to-computer exchange of business documents from a retailer to a vendor and back

B2C

the process in which businesses sell to consumers

B2B

the process of selling merchandise or services from one business to another