TEAS Sentence structure

Subject

a noun or pronoun the preforms the action of the verb in a sentence; if a sentence contains a verb of being or a linking verb such as be, feel, become, or look, the subject of the sentence is the noun or pronoun being described

Passive voice

State of a sentence that contains a passive verb

Active voice

State of a sentence that contains an active verb.

Root word

a word in its simplest form before any affixes are attached

Independent clause

is a group of words with a subject and a predicate. It expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. -I enjoy sitting by the fireplace and reading. -Waiting to have my car's oil changed is boring. -She wants to travel the world and see wonderful sights.

Dependent clause

is a group of words with a subject and a verb. It does not express a complete thought so it is not a sentence and can't stand alone. These clauses include adverb clauses, adjective clauses and noun clauses. -*What the girl did* was not very helpful. -He finally finished his novel, *after months of research*. -The trophy goes to *whoever wins the race*.

Compound sentance

2 (or more) independent clauses, joined with a coordinating conjunction. -She did not cheat on the test, for it was not the right thing to do. -I think I will buy the red car, or I will lease the blue one. -I really want to go to work, but I am too sick to drive.

Passive verb

Compromised of be plus a past participle that shifts the action of a sentence from the subject to the object.

Cumulative sentence

Contains and independent clause followed by a parallel string of modifiers; modifiers may be adjectives, prepositional phrases, or dependent clauses

Complex sentance

Contains one independent and dependent clause

Simple sentance

Contains one independent clause. -Joe waited for the train. "Joe" = subject, "waited" = verb -The train was late. "The train" = subject, "was" = verb -Mary and Samantha took the bus. "Mary and Samantha" = compound subject, "took" = verb

Prefix

Group of letters added to the beginning of a word that modifies or extends the word's meaning

Antecedent

Noun that a pronoun refers back to (replaces).

Attributive tag

Part of a sentence that indicates who said the direct quote

First- person point of view

Perspective in which the narrator is the one speaking, evidence by the use if the first person pronoun I or we.

Second-person point of view

Perspective in which the writer directly addresses the reader using the pronoun *you*

Adverb

Word modifying verb, adjective, or other adverb indicating when, how, where, why, or how much.

Subordinating conjunction

Word that joins 2 or more clauses and makes the clause that contains it dependent in another clause, and therefore of slightly less importance ; word such as *because, though, although, while, if* and *as if*

Verb

Word that shows action

Coordinating conjunctions

Words that join two or more words, phrases, or clauses so that each conjoined elements is equal; in English, there is only 7, and they may be remembered by using FANBOYS( for, and, nor, but, or , yet and so)

Third-person point of view

perspective in which the narrator is distant from the story and tells it as an "outsider". Such as using he, she, or they in the sentence

Active verb

verb that shows an action preformed by the subject of a sentence .

Pronoun

word that replaces a noun

Preposition

words such as *by, at to* and *from* that give additional information, usually in relationship to something else.