Tech 1- Final Exam

If 18 ounces of 22.5-index arterial fluid is used to yield three gallons of solution, the dilute index is approximately _____.

1%

Determine the index fluid used to have 3 gallons of diluted fluid with a strength of 1.5% if you use 24 ounces of concentrated fluid?

24

Approximately how many ounces of a 25 index fluid would be used to yield a 2.5% solution in two gallons of water?

26

You have 2 gallons of tank solution with a concentration of 2%. Determine the index of the fluid knowing that 16 ounces were used to produce your solution?

32

If the solute is 28 index and you wish the solution to be 3 gallons of 3%, approximately how many ounces of solute will you need?

41

If a person weighs 245 pounds, how many gallons of solution should be injected?

5

Approximately how many ounces of a 30 index fluid would be used to yield a 4% solution in three gallons of water?

51

_______ is/are (a) condition(s) affecting the onset, duration, and passing off of rigor.

Activity prior to death Cause and manner of death Temperature

What is not true about Nysten's Law?

Affects legs and feet the longest

The clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels.

Aggulation

Cooling or lowing of the body temperature just prior to death, often seen in the elderly

Agonal algor

_____ is injection on and drainage off then drainage on and injection off.

Alternate Drainage

Self-destruction of cells, decomposition of all tissues by enzymes that from without microbial assistance

Autolysis

Cavity fluids effects the body by_____

Bleaching Deodorizing Cauterizing

What is the order of decomposition?

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats and bones

Respiratory gurgling, caused by the loss of the cough reflex and accumulation of mucous

Death rattle

Which is not a purpose of drainage?

Doesn't allow room for arterial solution

The chemical treatment of the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms to temporarily inhibit organic decomposition and to try and restore the dead human body to an acceptable physical appearance

Embalming

What are some examples of high preservation demand?

Extended refrigeration Frozen tissues Advanced decomposition

What is used to retain the contour of the eyelids?

Eye caps

Breakdown of carbohydrates, process by which glucose breaks down

Fermentation

A 36 index fluid is classified as _____ with regard to its firm potential.

Firming

When setting your machine, it should be in which order?

Flow off, set pressure, set flow, and check pressure

Settling of blood or fluids on dependent portions of the body

Hypostasis

_____ is the pressure needed to overcome vascular restrictions.

Ideal pressure

postmortem intravascular blood discoloration, presents of blood in the dependent surface vessel of the body (physical change)

Livor mortis

Which is not a component of jaundice fluid?

Low index Reducing agents Bleaching agents

Which is not a method of stimulating distribution and drainage?

Mechanical pressure Massage Instruments Not pre-injecting

the pathological death of body cells as a results of death processes

Necrosis

Which of the following is not a purpose of sealing agents?

Non-containment

Which is considered to be moderate pressure?

One gallon 10-15 minutes

_____ is indicated by the needle gauge

Potential pressure

Temporary stiffening of body muscles (chemical change) starts 2-4 hours after death and lasts from 5th hour to about the 24th (passes within 36-72 hrs after death) pH-6.25

Rigor Mortis

What are factors that affect pressure?

Rigor mortis Cause of death Postmortem interval Discoloration

What are factors that affect the amount of pressure needed?

Sufficient to overcome resistance Sufficient to properly distribute Sufficient to achieve diffusion

In the order of viscera putrefaction, which is the last to decompose?

Uterus and large blood vessels

Resistance of the flow or the thickness of a liquid.

Viscosity

The cessation of simple body process, organs/tissues no longer function, irreversible

biological death

What is/are the types of embalming?

cavity, topical, vascular, hypodermic

occurs when spontaneous respiration and heartbeat cease

clinical death

The most troublesome organism that could translocate and cause a very definite postmortem problems is_______, also commonly known as tissue gas

clostridium perfringes

Factors within the body itself

intrinsic factors

What is not true about personal protective equipment (PPE)?

items of protection are worn to minimize exposure to hazards, worn to avoid contact with blood and other body fluids, worn for your protection

A 18 index fluid is classified as _____ with regard to its firm potential.

mild

A dying condition or dying

moribund

In eye closure, where corneas have been removed, which is not common practice

mouth formers

_____ is injection at two or more sites.

multi-point

Which is not a purpose for embalming? a) funerals b) anatomical c) necrophilia d)religious e) psychosocial

necrophilia

Which is not types of injection hubs?

pinch

Extravascular colour change, hematin seeps through capillary walls to body tissues, cannot be removed by arterial injection and venous drainage (chemical change)

postmortem stain

Protein decomposition from anaerobic bacteria

putrefaction

_____ is injection of both common carotids.

restricted cervical

___________ is the basic ethical axiom of the funeral service professional

reverence for the Dead

_____ is injection of a complete post

sectional

A 25 index fluid is classified as _____ with regard to its firm potential

semi-firming

Once the body loses its ability to sustain physiologic and metabolic activity, death to postmortem cellular death

somatic death

_____ is injection and drainage from another site.

split

_____ is injection from one site and drainage from another.

split

The purpose of pre-embalming analysis is to determine

the proper embalming techniques and chemicals to use

Where does the primary dilution take place?

the tank

This is used for aspiration and injection in the body cavities?

trocar

What is not used to assist with lip closure

trocar

When preparing to embalm an un-autopsied body, the funeral practitioner should always first_____.

use universal precautions and personal protective equipment

What type of permission do we need at SAC to be authorized to embalm?

written

Loss of moisture from the body surface to the surrounding atmosphere (physical change)

dehydration

Skin slip, superficial skin pulls away from deeper skin layer, skin easily slips away

desquamation

_____ is the difference between potential and actual pressure.

differential pressure

The passage of embalming solution through the capillary walls into the intercellular spaces is known as _____.

diffusion

An instrument which may be used to guide an arterial or vein tube into a vessel is the

director

All of the following are examples of biohazard waste except_____.

disposable gloves

Factors from the surrounding environment

extrinsic factors

What features are set prior to injection?

eyes, lips, mouth

Is embalming required, by law, in the state of Texas?

false

The pre-embalming treatment for rigor mortis includes _____.

flexing, massaging and extending

Which are/is the type of mouth closure not found on the embalming case report?

gravity

_____ is a requirement for plumbing in a prep room.

hot and cold water lines, copper or PVC piping for the drain, backflow prevention

Which of the following is not considered an intrinsic factor?

humidity

Thickening of the blood after death, due to loss of liquid

increased blood viscosity

Distension of the tissues beneath the skin by gas or air

Subcutaneous emphysema

When selecting an arterial tube, what criterial does not comes into play?

appearance

An instrument which is inserted into the artery for the introduction of fluid is called

arterial tube (cannulae)

Which of the following is NOT accomplished before arterial embalming?

aspirate cavities

Assuming you use 16 ounces of a 36 index fluid to three gallons of water, what would be the index of your solution?

1.5%

Approximately what will be the amount of arterial fluid necessary to make one gallon of solution at 2% strength using a 20 index fluid?

13

If an 18-index arterial fluid is used in one gallon of water to yield a solution of 2.0%, approximately how many ounces of arterial fluid would be used?

14

When positioning the head, it should be

15 degrees to the right

If a 28-index arterial fluid is used in two gallons of water to yield a solution of 1.75%, approximately how many ounces of arterial fluid would be used?

16

What index of fluid must you use to produce 3 gallons of a primary solution with a concentration of 1.0 index if you mix 24 ounces of fluid?

16

The minimum standard for cavity fluid is _____.

16 oz per body

Which of the following present drainage problems?

Collapsed venous system Autopsy Hemorrhage Sectional

_____ is injection on and drainage on.

Concurrent/continuous

Which of the following are disadvantages of formaldehyde?

Converts tissues to gray hue Dehydrates tissues Constrict capillaries

Which of the following are not advantages of formaldehyde?

Inhibits growth of yeast and molds Destroys autolytic enzymes. Rapidly acts on the body proteins

_____ is injection on and drainage at intervals.

Intermittent

You have a body that is emaciated, what should your solution not contain or be?

It should be hypertonic

Which is a disadvantage to using a photo of a descendant

Its usually outdated*

._______ purge is characterized by a foul odor with a "coffee ground" appearance.

Stomach

What does 22% index means?

The amount of formaldehyde

Where does the secondary dilution take place?

The body

To assist with proper drainage on a one-point injection what may be used?

angular forceps

______________ is known as the father of modern day embalming?

Thomas Holmes

In the order of viscera putrefaction, which is the first to decompose?

Trachea and larynx

Primary factor in autolytic decomposition/movement of microorganism

Translocation

Which of the following is not considered an extrinsic factor?

activity

_____ is the when the machine is actually pumping.

actual pressure

The following is not a type of injection used in the prep room.

air pump

The chemical change in blood while the body is in advanced decomposition is _____

alkaline

A primary instrument used in raising vessels is called _________.

aneurysm hook