Test 4 bio 110

In a human cell at prophase I, there are ____ tetrads

23

Mendel's principle of segregation states that:

Alleges separate from each other before forming gametes

______ are alternative forms of a gene that govern the same feature, such as eye color, and occupy corresponding positions on homologous chromosomes.

Alleles

Cytokinesis in plant cell mitosis accurs initially by the formation of a

Cell plate

What evolutionary advantage is provided by sexual reproduction?

Increased genetic diversity

The Cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consists of ________ and M phase

Interphase

Chromosomes are duplicated during ____ of the cell cycle

S phase

cytokinesis in animal cells involves contraction of a ring of _____ microfilaments

actin plus myosin

A zygote contains the _____ complement of chromosomes

diploid

The chromosome makeup of an individual organism is called a:

karyotype

sporophyte plants produce spores using:

meiosis

gametophyte plants produce gamete using

mitosis

Using standard conventions for naming alleges, which of the following pairs is correct?

tt- homozygous Tt- heterozygous TT- homozygous

A Bacterial Chromosome consists of

A circular DNA molecule many times larger than the cell

The physical location of a particular gene on a chromosome is called:

A locus

To prevent disastrous consequences, the eukaryotic cell cycle is controlled by:

A series of cell cycle checkpoints

The separation of alleges of a gene takes place during:

Anaphase I of meiosis

Which of the following represents the possible genotype resulting from a cross between an individual homozygous and one heterozygous individual:

BB and Bb

During prophase, ______ is (are) compacted into visible chromosomes.

Chromatin

If meiosis did not occur in sexually reproducing organisms, then:

Chromosome number would double in each generation

The sources of genetic variation during meiosis are:

Crossing-over and the random assortment of maternal and paternal chromosomes

The kinetochore serves which of the following functions?

Kinetochores regulate the length of the cell cycle

The M phase of the cell cycle involves two main processes:

Mitosis and cytokinesis

The term dominant means that

One allege can mask the expression of another in a hybrid

Mating a true-breeding pink rose plant with a true-breeding pink rose plant will produce:

Only plants with pink roses

Mendel verified true-breeding pea plants for certain traits before undertaking his experiments. The term true breeding refers to

Organisms that will produce identical copies of themselves upon reproduction

During which phase does crossingover occur

Prophase I

If a cell is dividing by binary fission then you know that:

The cell is prokaryotic

A cell is in metaphase if

The chromosomes are aligned at the midplane of the cell

Most human somatic cells are:

diploid

The mitosis spindle is made of:

microtubules

The formation of female gazettes is termed

oogenesis

Which of the following are produced by meiosis

polar bodies, animal eggs, animal sperm, and plant spores

During prophesy I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes lie side by side. This phenomenon is known as:

tetrad formation

nucleosomes are best described as

Eukaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins

Animal cells are stimulated to divide by mitosis by

Growth factors

During prophase I, each chiasma represents

A site of crossing-over

The ____ is responsible for the separation of the chromosomes during _____ of mitosis

Mitotic spindle; anaphase

Which of the following represents the sequence of events during mitosis

Prophesy- metaphase- anaphase- telophase

____ contain identical DNA sequences and are held together by _____ during mitosis

Sister chromatids; centromeres

Mating an individual expressing a dominant phenotype, but whose genotype is unknown, with an individual expressing the corresponding recessive phenotype is an example of

Test cross

All of the following events occur during prometaphase except:

The duplicated chromosomes become visible with the light microscope

In genetics, map units express the distance between:

Two loci on a chromosome

A ____ is best used to demonstrate the linkage of two genes.

Two- point test cross

During which of the following stages of meiosis do the sister centromeres separate

anaphase II

Duplicated centrioles move to opposite poles of a dividing ____ cell during _____ of the cell cycle

animal; prophase

The correct number of chromosomes is maintained during sexual reproduction by:

meiosis, which reduce the chromosome number by half

The physical appearance of an organism for a given trait is termed

phenotype

Homologous chromosomes undergo synopsis during:

Prophase I

If a cell is in G2

It lacks a visible nuclear membrane