textbook exam questions

A nurse is providing instructions about the use of laxatives to a client who has heart failure. The nurse should tell the client to avoid which of the following laxatives? A. Sodium phosphate B. PsylliumC. Bisacodyl D. Polyethylene glycol

A. Sodium phosphate

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is starting simvastatin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Take this medication in the evening. B. Change position slowly when rising from a chair. C. Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables. D. Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid.

A. Take this medication in the evening.

A nurse is teaching a client who has angina pectoris and is learning how to treat acute anginal attacks. The clients asks, "What is my next step if I take one tablet, wait 5 minutes, but still have anginal pain?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? "Take two more sublingual tablets at the same time." "Call the emergency response team." "Take a sustained-release nitroglycerin capsule." "Wait another 5 minutes then take a second sublingual tablet."

"Call the emergency response team."

A nurse is teaching a client about probiotic supplements. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) "Probiotics are micro-organisms that are normally found in the GI tract." "Probiotics are used to treat Clostridium difficile." "Probiotics are used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia." "You can experience bloating while taking probiotic supplements." "If you are prescribed an antibiotic, you should take it at the same time you take your probiotic supplement."

"Probiotics are micro-organisms that are normally found in the GI tract." "Probiotics are used to treat Clostridium difficile." "You can experience bloating while taking probiotic supplements."

A nurse is teaching a client who has angina how to use nitroglycerin transdermal ointment. The nurse should include which of the following instructions? "Remove the prior dose before applying a new dose." "Rub the ointment directly into your skin until it is no longer visible." "Cover the applied ointment with a clean gauze pad." "Apply the ointment to the same skin area each time."

"Remove the prior dose before applying a new dose."

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking digoxin and has a new prescription for colesevelam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? "Take digoxin with your morning dose of colesevelam." "Your sodium and potassium levels will be monitored periodically while taking colesevelam." "Watch for bleeding or bruising while taking colesevelam." "Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water."

"Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water."

A nurse is teaching a client who will begin taking aluminum hydroxide. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? "If constipation develops, switch to a calcium-based antacid." "Take this medication two hours before or after other medications." "This medication increases the risk for pneumonia." "Have your magnesium level monitored while taking this medication."

"Take this medication two hours before or after other medications."

A nurse is caring for four clients who have peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should identify misoprostol is contraindicated for which of the following clients? A. A client who is pregnant B. A client who has osteoarthritis C. A client who has a kidney stone D. A client who has a urinary tract infection

A client who is pregnant

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic neutropenia and has been receiving filgrastim. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for an adverse effect of filgrastim? A. Assess for bone pain. B. Assess for right lower quadrant pain. C. Auscultate for crackles in the bases of the lungs. D. Auscultate the chest to listen for a heart murmur

A. Assess for bone pain

A nurse is caring for a client who received IV verapamil to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The client's pulse rate is now 98/min and the blood pressure is 74/44 mg Hg. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following IV medications? A. Calcium gluconate B. Sodium bicarbonate C. Potassium chloride D. Magnesium sulfate

A. Calcium gluconate

A nurse is preparing to administer a transfusion of300 mL of pooled platelets to a client who has severe thrombocytopenia. The nurse should plan to administer the transfusion over which of the following time frames? A. Within 30 min/unit B. Within 60 min/unit C. Within 2 hr/unit D. Within 4 hr/unit

A. Within 30 min/unit

A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client who has a dysrhythmia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Hold propranolol for an apical pulse greater than 100/min. Administer propranolol to increase the client's blood pressure. Assist the client when sitting up or standing after taking this medication. Check for hypokalemia frequently due to the risk for propranolol toxicity.

Assist the client when sitting up or standing after taking this medication.

A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who asks about using propranolol to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions is a contraindication for taking propranolol? A. Asthma B. Glaucoma C. Hypertension D. Tachycardia

Asthma

A nurse is monitoring a client who takes aspirin daily. The nurse should identify which of the following manifestations as adverse effects of aspirin? (Select all that apply.) A. Hypertension B. Coffee-ground emesisC. TinnitusD. Paresthesias of the extremities E. Nausea

B. Coffee-ground emesisC. Tinnitus E. Nausea

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving epoetin alfa for adverse effects. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication? (Select all that apply) A. Leukocytosis B. Hypertension C. Edema D. Blurred vision E. Headache

B. Hypertension E. Headache

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and is experiencing nausea due to gastroparesis. The nurse should expect a prescription forwhich of the following medications? A. Lubiprostone B. Metoclopramide C. Bisacodyl D. Loperamide

B. Metoclopramide

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for alirocumab to reduce cholesterol. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of alirocumab? (Select all that apply.) A. Muscle aches B. Vasculitis C. Hearing loss D. Urticaria E. Jaundice

B. Vasculitis D. Urticaria E. Jaundice

A nurse is completing a nursing history for a client who takes simvastatin. The nurse should identify which of the following disorders as a contraindication to adding ezetimibe to the client's medications? A. History of severe constipation B. History of hypertension C. Active hepatitis C D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus

C. Active hepatitis C

A nurse is teaching a client who takes phenytoin and has a new prescription for sucralfate tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Take an antacid with the sucralfate.B. Take sucralfate with a glass of milk. C. Allow a 2-hr interval between these medications. D. Chew the sucralfate thoroughly before swallowing.

C. Allow a 2-hr interval between these medications.

A nurse is caring for a client who has an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) greater than 1.5 times the expected reference range. Which of the following blood products should the nurse prepare to transfuse? A. Whole blood B. Platelets C. Fresh frozen plasma D. Packed red blood cells

C. Fresh frozen plasma

A nurse is assessing a client during transfusion of a unit of whole blood. The client develops a cough, shortness of breath, elevated blood pressure, and distended neck veins. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Epinephrine B. LorazepamC. Furosemide D. Diphenhydramine

C. Furosemide

A nurse is collecting data from a client whois taking gemfibrozil. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Mental status changes B. Tremor C. Jaundice D. Pneumonia

C. Jaundice

A nurse is caring for a client who has atrial fibrillation and a new prescription for dabigatran. Which of the following medications is prescribed concurrentlyto treat an adverse effect of dabigatran? A. Vitamin K1 B. Protamine C. Omeprazole D. Probenecid

C. Omeprazole

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving daily doses of oprelvekin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to determine effectiveness of this medication? A. Hemoglobin B. Absolute neutrophil count C. Platelet count D. Total white blood count

C. Platelet count

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of amiodarone toxicity? A. Light yellow urine B. Report of tinnitus C. Productive cough D. Blue-gray skin discoloration

C. Productive cough

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. The client begins vomiting blood. After the heparin has been stopped, which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer? A. Vitamin K1 B. Atropine C. Protamine D. Calcium gluconate

C. Protamine

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Contact provider if heart rate is less than 60/min. Check pulse rate for 30 seconds and multiply result by 2. Increase intake of sodium. Take with food if nausea occurs.

Contact provider if heart rate is less than 60/min.

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed isosorbide mononitrate for chronic stable angina and develops reflex tachycardia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? A. Furosemide B. Captopril C. Ranolazine D. Metoprolol

D. Metoprolol

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity? A. Bruising B. Report of metallic taste C. Muscle pain D. Report of anorexia

D. Report of anorexia

A nurse in an acute care facility is caring fora client who is receiving IV nitroprusside for hypertensive crisis. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor the client for as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Intestinal ileus B. Neutropenia C. DeliriumD. Hyperthermia

Delirium

A nurse is taking a medication history from aclient who has angina and is to begin taking ranolazine. The nurse should report which of the following medications in the client's history that can interact with ranolazine? (Select all that apply.) Digoxin Simvastatin Verapamil Amlodipine Nitroglycerin transdermal patch

Digoxin Simvastatin Verapamil

A nurse is caring for a client who received prochlorperazine 4 hr ago. The client reports spasms of the face. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Fomepizole B. Naloxone C. Phytonadione D. Diphenhydramine

Diphenhydramine

A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim for the first time to a client who has just undergone a bone marrow transplant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Administer IM in a large muscle mass to prevent injury. Ensure that the medication is refrigerated until just prior to administration. Shake vial gently to mix well before withdrawing dose. Discard vial after removing one dose of the medication.

Discard vial after removing one dose of the medication.

A nurse is teaching a client about cimetidine. Which of the following are adverse effects of cimetidine? (Select all that apply.) Increased libido Insomnia Enlargement of breast tissue Confusion Decreased sperm count

Enlargement of breast tissue Confusion Decreased sperm count

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for digoxin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects that is a manifestation digoxin toxicity? (Select all that apply.) Fatigue Constipation Anorexia Rash Blurred vision

Fatigue, Anorexia, Blurred vision

A nurse is planning to administer ondansetron to a client. For which of the following adverse effects of ondansetron should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.) Headache Diarrhea Shortened PR interval Hyperglycemia Prolonged QT interval

Headache Diarrhea Prolonged QT interval

A nurse is planning to administer a first dose of captopril to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications can intensify first dose hypotension? (Select all that apply.) A. Simvastatin B. Hydrochlorothiazide C. Phenytoin D. Clonidine E. Aliskiren

Hydrochlorothiazide Clonidine Aliskiren

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for verapamil to control hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Increase the amount of fiber in the diet. Drink grapefruit juice daily to increase vitamin C intake. Decrease the amount of calcium in the diet. Withhold food for 1 hr after the medication is taken.

Increase the amount of fiber in the diet.

A nurse is administering a dopamine infusion at a low dose to a client who has severe heart failure. Which of the following findings is an expected effect of this medication? A. Lowered heart rate B. Increased urine output C. Decreased conduction through the AV node D. Vasoconstriction of renal blood vessels

Increased urine output

A nurse is planning to administer subcutaneous enoxaparin 40 mg using a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin 40 mg/0.4 mL to an adult client following hip arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Expel the air bubble from the prefilled syringe before injecting. Insert the needle completely into the client's tissue. Administer the injection in the client's thigh. Aspirate carefully after inserting the needle into the client's skin.

Insert the needle completely into the client's tissue.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for captopril for hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Hypokalemia B. Hypernatremia C. Neutropenia D. Bradycardia

Neutropenia

A nurse is preparing to transfuse a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a client who has severe anemia. Which of the following interventions can prevent an acute hemolytic reaction? Ensure that the client has a patent IV line before obtaining blood product from the refrigerator. Obtain help from another nurse to confirm the correct client and blood product. Take a complete set of vital signs before beginning transfusion and periodically during the transfusion. Stay with the client for the first 15 to 30 min of the transfusion.

Obtain help from another nurse to confirm the correct client and blood product.

A nurse is planning to administer IV alteplase to a client. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take? Administer IM enoxaparin along with the alteplase dose. Obtain the client's weight. Administer aminocaproic acid IV prior to alteplase infusion. Prepare to administer alteplase within 8 hr of manifestation onset.

Obtain the client's weight.

A nurse in a provider's office is monitoring blood electrolytes for four clients who take digoxin. Which of the following electrolyte values increases a client's risk for digoxin toxicity? A. Calcium 9.2 mg/dL B. Calcium 10.3 mg/dL C. Potassium 3.4 mEq/L D. Potassium 4.8 mEq/L

Potassium 3.4 mEq/L

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patch for angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Remove the patch each evening. Cut each patch in half if angina attacks are under control. Take off the nitroglycerin patch for 30 min if a headache occurs. Apply a new patch every 48 hr.

Remove the patch each evening.

A nurse is transfusing a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a client who has anemia due to chemotherapy. The client reports a sudden headache and chills. The client's temperature is 2°F higher than the baseline reading. In addition to notifying the provider, which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) Stop the transfusion. Place the client in an upright position with feet down. Remove the blood bag and tubing from the IV catheter. Obtain a urine specimen. Infuse dextrose 5% in water through the IV.

Stop the transfusion. Remove the blood bag and tubing from the IV catheter. Obtain a urine specimen.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for omeprazole. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? Take this medication at bedtime. This medication decreases the production of gastric acid. Take this medication 2 hr after eating. This medication can cause hyperkalemia.

This medication decreases the production of gastric acid.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for digoxin and takes multiple other medications. The nurse should recognize that concurrent use of which of the following medications places the client at risk for digoxin toxicity? A. Phenytoin. B. Verapamil C. Warfarin D. Aluminum hydroxide

Verapamil

A nurse is assessing a client who has taken procainamide to treat dysrhythmias for the last12 months. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? (Select all that apply.) Hypertension Widened QRS complex Narrowed QT interval Easy bruising Swollen joints

Widened QRS complex Easy bruising Swollen joints