The endocrine system test

Crentinism

A condition in which the thyroid gland is unable to produce normal levels of growth hormone.

Leptin

Fat cells produces the hormone leptin when they are filled. Leptin is transported in the blood to the brain where it helps to suppress a person appetite.

Step 4 (negative feedback loop)

Glucagon signals the liver to release glucose back into the blood.

Growth Hormone (GH)

Growth hormone is a hormone; helps fat be used for energy.

Step 2 (negative feedback loop)

Insulin stimulates the liver to remove sugar from the blood and store it as glycogen.

Progesterone

Maintains lining of uterus

Hormones of the Pineal Gland

Melatonin

Hormones of the Pituitary

Produces and secretes NINE hormones that affects other glands and organs

pancreas negative feedback

Secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate the glucose (sugar) levels in the blood.

Graves Disease

Severe form of hyperthyroidism. More common in women. Goiter: enlarged swelling of thyroid in neck.

Anabolic Steroids

Synthetic form of testosterone used to treat some disease. Sometimes illegally abused by athlete to enhance performance and build muscle mass.

Pancreas

The pancreas produces the hormones insulin and glucagon, which control the level of glucose in the blood

Step 1 (negative feedback loop)

The pancreas releases insulin when there is too much sugar in the blood.

Hypothyroidism (Myxedema)

Under-production of throxine causes slow metabolism

Step 3 (negative feedback loop)

When there is not enough sugar in the blood, the pancreas releases glucagon.

Adrenal Glands

a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress.

Diabetes Mellitus

decreased secretion of insulin can affect metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, fats.

Hyperthyroidism

excessive activity of the thyroid gland

Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)

growth of the ovarian follicles, production of estrogen in females; and production of sperm in males.

Insulin

lowers blood glucose; promotes storage of glycogen in liver and muscles.

Pancreas

maintains glucose homeostasis

Endocrine System maintains homeostasis

means the "maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism." Homeostasis is maintained through a system called negative feedback.

Gigantism

over-secretion of growth hormone prior to puberty. Excessive growth of long bones

Estrogen

promotes growth and development of sex organs in female

Glucagon

raises blood glucose

Ovaries

regulate menstruation and female sexual characteristics

Pineal Gland

regulates sleep/wake cycle

Melatonin

released at night to make you sleepy; not released during the day.

Oxytocin

released during childbirth; causes contraction of the uterus

Testes

stimulate sperm production and male sex characteristics

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

stimulates growth of the adrenal gland

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

stimulates growth of the thyroid gland

luteinizing hormone (LH)

stimulates ovulation and produces progesterone in females

Cortisol

stress hormone that raises blood glucose by stimulating the breakdown of proteins.

Thymus gland

the hormones help the immune system develop during childhood

Hypothalamus

the hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine systems and controls the pituitary gland.

Pituitary gland

the pituitary gland controls other endocrine glands and regulates growth, and blood pressure, and water balance.

Parathyroid glands

these tiny glands regulate the amount of calcium in the blood.

Thyroid gland

this gland controls the release of energy from food molecules inside cells

Negative Feedback Loop

through negative feedback, when the amount of a particular hormone in the blood reaches a certain level, the endocrine system sends signals that stop that release of that hormone .

Dwarfism

under-production of growth hormone during childhood.