The endocrine system test
Crentinism
A condition in which the thyroid gland is unable to produce normal levels of growth hormone.
Leptin
Fat cells produces the hormone leptin when they are filled. Leptin is transported in the blood to the brain where it helps to suppress a person appetite.
Step 4 (negative feedback loop)
Glucagon signals the liver to release glucose back into the blood.
Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth hormone is a hormone; helps fat be used for energy.
Step 2 (negative feedback loop)
Insulin stimulates the liver to remove sugar from the blood and store it as glycogen.
Progesterone
Maintains lining of uterus
Hormones of the Pineal Gland
Melatonin
Hormones of the Pituitary
Produces and secretes NINE hormones that affects other glands and organs
pancreas negative feedback
Secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate the glucose (sugar) levels in the blood.
Graves Disease
Severe form of hyperthyroidism. More common in women. Goiter: enlarged swelling of thyroid in neck.
Anabolic Steroids
Synthetic form of testosterone used to treat some disease. Sometimes illegally abused by athlete to enhance performance and build muscle mass.
Pancreas
The pancreas produces the hormones insulin and glucagon, which control the level of glucose in the blood
Step 1 (negative feedback loop)
The pancreas releases insulin when there is too much sugar in the blood.
Hypothyroidism (Myxedema)
Under-production of throxine causes slow metabolism
Step 3 (negative feedback loop)
When there is not enough sugar in the blood, the pancreas releases glucagon.
Adrenal Glands
a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress.
Diabetes Mellitus
decreased secretion of insulin can affect metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, fats.
Hyperthyroidism
excessive activity of the thyroid gland
Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)
growth of the ovarian follicles, production of estrogen in females; and production of sperm in males.
Insulin
lowers blood glucose; promotes storage of glycogen in liver and muscles.
Pancreas
maintains glucose homeostasis
Endocrine System maintains homeostasis
means the "maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism." Homeostasis is maintained through a system called negative feedback.
Gigantism
over-secretion of growth hormone prior to puberty. Excessive growth of long bones
Estrogen
promotes growth and development of sex organs in female
Glucagon
raises blood glucose
Ovaries
regulate menstruation and female sexual characteristics
Pineal Gland
regulates sleep/wake cycle
Melatonin
released at night to make you sleepy; not released during the day.
Oxytocin
released during childbirth; causes contraction of the uterus
Testes
stimulate sperm production and male sex characteristics
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
stimulates growth of the adrenal gland
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
stimulates growth of the thyroid gland
luteinizing hormone (LH)
stimulates ovulation and produces progesterone in females
Cortisol
stress hormone that raises blood glucose by stimulating the breakdown of proteins.
Thymus gland
the hormones help the immune system develop during childhood
Hypothalamus
the hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine systems and controls the pituitary gland.
Pituitary gland
the pituitary gland controls other endocrine glands and regulates growth, and blood pressure, and water balance.
Parathyroid glands
these tiny glands regulate the amount of calcium in the blood.
Thyroid gland
this gland controls the release of energy from food molecules inside cells
Negative Feedback Loop
through negative feedback, when the amount of a particular hormone in the blood reaches a certain level, the endocrine system sends signals that stop that release of that hormone .
Dwarfism
under-production of growth hormone during childhood.
